胰岛素

Patients with a body mass index≥25㎏/㎡ and patients with cardiac cachectic, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hepatorenal disease, cerebral vascular disease, pulmonary embolism ,malignant tumor ,connective tissue disease and infective disease were excluded from the study.

空腹血糖采用氧化酶法测定；应用ELISA法测定血浆leptin、INS及TNF-α水平；胰岛素抵抗指数为FPG与空腹血浆胰岛素的乘积除以22.5，然后取自然对数，即Homa-IR=㏑（FPG×FINS/22.5）；应用改良Simpson法测定LVEF。

MSCs capsulated in alginate microspheres were induced by TGF-β3 and IGF-I, serving as the experiment group. While those cultured without TGF-β3 and IGF-I were taken as controls.

实验组用转化生长因子β3和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ联合定向诱导藻酸钠微球包被的骨髓间充质干细胞3周，对照组培养条件中无转化生长因子β3和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ。

Label-free and cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag quantitative proteomic approaches were used to quantify the differential expression of secretory proteins from 3T3-L1 adipocytes with or without insulin stimulation.

首先，采用液相色谱-质谱联用方法对胰岛素刺激与否的3T3-L1脂肪细胞的分泌蛋白进行了大规模的定量分析；胰岛素刺激后，242种分泌蛋白表现为显著变化，其中55种蛋白质下调，187种上调。

(1) The obese patients with PCOS have more serious imbalances in the endocrinological metabolic aspects than non-obesity ones, E2/T lower.(2) The obese patients with PCOS show high levels of insulin and insulin resistance, while those of the non-obesity patients have mainly high level of LH.

(1) 肥胖型较非肥胖型PCOS患者存在尤为严重的内分泌代谢紊乱；(2)肥胖型PCOS主要表现为高胰岛素血症及胰岛素抵抗，而非肥胖型则以促黄体生成素升高为主。

Hemolysis increases insulin degradation but does not affect C-peptide level, and because C-peptide and insulin are secreted in equimolar amounts, the researchers used cord-blood serum C-peptide level rather than insulin level for the index of fetal β-cell function.

溶血增加了胰岛素的降解，但却不影响C-肽水平，同时C-肽和胰岛素又是等量分泌的，因此他们选择了测定C-肽而非胰岛素来衡量胎儿β细胞功能。

The main factors that affected the aiponectin concentration included types of the bioactivity of adiponectin complex; the variance of age, sexuality and race; the change of leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α, glucocorticoid, cAMP and β-adrenoceptor excitomotor, NO and so on; bioactivity of receptors of adiponectin.

运动对脂联素影响方面的研究，结果有很大的不同，有人认为运动训练虽然能够改善糖尿病患者或代谢综合征的胰岛素抵抗，但并不能提高脂联素的水平；还有的研究者认为，运动训练改善胰岛素敏感性和运动训练改善了血浆中脂联素的浓度有关。

ABSTRACT］ Objective To study the influence of intensive insulin therapy on insulin resistance after radical gastrectomy.

目的 探讨胰岛素强化治疗对胃癌病人术后胰岛素抵抗的影响。

After single dose administration of insulin Glar 1/3 of subjects did not have an onset of action (defined as 50% reduction of the regular i.v. insulin from clamp onset to maintain euglycemia) within 10 hours after insulin injection.

单次剂量注射后Glar组1/3的受试者胰岛素在注射10小时内失效(定义为钳夹试验中为维持正常血糖，静脉输注常规胰岛素剂量减少50%)。

Methods:Six surfactants－bean phospholipid,pulmonary surfactant,rhamnose,imidazoline,natrium glycocholic acid and natrium glyceric acid were chosen as accelerator to made into insulin solutions,and then use tween－80 and span－80 as matrix to made insulin aerosols,which were ultrasounicly nebulized and inhaled by SD rats through nose.

选用豆膦脂、肺表面活性剂、鼠李糖、咪唑啉、甘氨胆酸钠和甘珀酸钠六种表面活性剂为促进剂，制成胰岛素溶液，再以吐温－80、司盘－80做基质制成胰岛素气雾剂，经超声雾化，自SD大鼠鼻腔吸入，分别检测其血糖降低程度。

The improved puberty PCOS-IR rat model has following characteristic:Retained the high androgen syndrome and/or the high LH syndrome as the endocrine characteristics;Simultaneously it had sugar fat metabolism unusual, such as the insulin resistance,the redemptive high insulin blood sickness as well as cholesterol ascension.Has the abdomen obese characteristic----In particular fat pad which around reproductive organ obvious increased;The ovary increased obviously,Ovarian cortex accumulated,the number in ovary pouch expansion graafian follicle were remarkable increased, ovulation suppression.

一、改良青春期PCOS-IR大鼠模型具有以下特征：1、保留了高雄激素血症和/或高LH血症等内分泌特征；同时有胰岛素抵抗，代偿性高胰岛素血症以及总胆固醇升高的糖脂代谢异常。2、具有腹部肥胖的特征——尤其是生殖器周围脂肪垫明显增加；3、卵巢明显增大，皮质增厚，卵巢内囊性扩张卵泡数目显著增加，排卵抑制。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。