胞质的

Experimental data were acquired by LabVIEW and processed through the time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis with Matlab. We analyzed qualitatively the specific effect of different tastants and proved the sensitivity to salt and sourness of taste receptor cells isolated from rat fungiform papilla. These experimental results demonstrate the feasibility that the cell chip based on LAPS can be used in the study of taste transduction mechanism.

采用LabVIEW采集数据、Matlab进行时域和频域分析，我们定性分析了不同味质作用于味觉细胞后胞外电信号的变化，证实了大鼠菌状乳头的味觉细胞对于咸味和酸味的敏感性，实现了细胞芯片在味觉传导机理研究中的应用。

The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae were 15.9% and 84.3%, respectively. The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia spp and Enterobacter cloacae were 31.2%, 46.2%, 94.8% and 16.8% respectively. The resistance rates of Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus parainfluenzae to ampicilin were 40% and 36% respectively.

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为15.9%；对青霉素不敏感的肺炎链球菌（包括PISP和PRSP）检出率为84.3%；肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、粘质沙雷菌和阴沟肠杆菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为31.2%、46.2%、94.8%和16.8%；流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率为36%和40%；铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼复合不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为10.7%和13.2%。

Results After screening, 59 subtracted library clones were isolated which were specific for strain VIB72, and the DNA sequences of these clones were determined. Seventeen fragments showed high homology to the genes of known functions in other bacteria. This includes soluble lytic murein transglycosylase, mobilization protein, transposase (IS66), resistance-related protein (metallo-beta-lactamase and acetyltransferase family), toxin protein (DT-201 and alveicin A immunity protein), ATP-dependent endonuclease of OLD family like protein, SocE and GTP-binding protein HflX (high frequency of lysogenization).

通过对差减文库筛选，分离到59个对菌株VIB72的克隆，并对这些克隆的DNA序列进行了测定。17个基因片断与其它细菌的已知功能的基因有较高的同源性，其中包括可溶性溶胞壁质转糖基酶、转移蛋白MobA和MobC、转座子IS66、抑制相关蛋白（金属β-内酰胺酶和乙酰转移酶家族）、毒素蛋白（DT-201和alveicin A免疫蛋白）、与OLD 家族相似的ATP依赖性核酸内切酶以及SocE 和GTP结合蛋白HflX。

The tibiae of the rats were kept for the samples of decalcification, IGF-1 in bone tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry and Enzyme linked-immuno-sorbent assay was used to detect the TGF- P 1, IL-6, IL-1 P and TNF- a in serum.

结果 成骨细胞呈线状排列于骨小梁的边缘，细胞因子IGF-1表达于成骨细胞胞浆，骨细胞、软骨细胞及骨基质中也存在IGF-1。不同部位的成骨细胞IGF-1的表达量并不一致，卵巢切除及PTH注射对不同部位成骨细胞IGF-1表达的影响也不一样。

The quantitative relationship between isomer shift, refractive index and chemical bond parameters were established. The calculated results indicated that the change of crystal parameters and bond length will alter the covalency of chemical bond and peripheral electron density of Fe2+ nuclear, which in turn leads to the change of the isomer shift and refractive index.

根据计算结果发现，晶胞参数及化学键长的变化引起化学键共价性、Fe2+核附近电子云密度的变化等，最终导致同质异能位移的改变，计算结果与实验数据之间较好的一致性验证了此理论的准确性和普适性。

Studied on the antibacterial characterization stability of two lactic acid bacteria which had higher inhibitory activity against indicator organism－ Listerial monocytogenes and Bacillus subtilis in all isolated lactic acid bacteria of the koumiss collected from the herdsman′s home in Inner Mongolia-XiLinGuoLe region.

从内蒙古锡林郭勒盟牧民自制的酸马奶酒中，筛选了两株抑制指示菌－单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌和枯草芽胞杆菌活性最强的乳酸菌，通过质粒的提取和分析，研究其抑菌特性的稳定性。

The oscillatory response was mediated by second messenger,in which phosphoinositide metabolism and calcium liberation lead to the opening of chloride channels on the membrane.

而振荡型反应是递质通过第二信使的介导，引起胞内Ca2+库中的Ca2+释放，开启卵母细胞膜本身的Cl－通道，产生Ca2+依赖的Cl－电流，构成振荡型电流反应的主要成分。

Transport signal in a soluble cargo protein (for example, a secreted protein that passes through the lumen) is a region that binds to the lumenal domain of a transmembrane cargo receptor, which in turn has an cytoplasmic domain that binds an adaptor protein. Interaction between the cargo and the coat

我们已经有了几种类型的信号的细节：要求一种构像用于蛋白质通过胞吞作用成为细胞内的一部分；一种氨基酸序列使得蛋白质到达内质网；和一种修饰使得蛋白质到达溶酶体（小的膜体，在那里蛋白质降解，见后面）。

A transposon mutagenesis system applicable for Xanthomonas campestrispv.campestrishas been developed by transferring the transposonTn5gusA5,which contains the gus reporter gene,to the broad host rangvector pLAFR1 and taking the advantage of incompatibility between pLAFR1and pPH1JI plasmids.Five different types of exopolysaccharidedeficient mutants related respectively to eight different mutated sites wereisolated by applying the system to mutagenize the Xcc wild type strain.

本研究将含gus报告基因的转座子Tn5gusA5转座到广谱宿主载体质粒pLAFR1后，利用pLAFR1与pPH1JI质粒的不相容性，建立了一套适合于甘蓝黑腐病菌的转座子诱变体系，应用该体系诱变甘蓝黑腐病菌野生型菌株，成功地分离到5种不同类型、分别涉及8个不同突变位点的胞外多糖突变体。

Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093Abstract Plasmodesma is a supracellular structure of plant organism. It provides a direct cell-to-cell cytoplasmic pathway for material transport and message transference, and converts the colonies of independent cells into an interconnected symplast system.

胞间连丝为多细胞植物有机体提供了一个直接的细胞间物质运输和信息传递的细胞质通道，把一个个独立的&细胞王国&转变成相互连接的共质体，它是当今细胞生物学中十分活跃的研究领域。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。