胞质

A transposon mutagenesis system applicable for Xanthomonas campestrispv.campestrishas been developed by transferring the transposonTn5gusA5,which contains the gus reporter gene,to the broad host rangvector pLAFR1 and taking the advantage of incompatibility between pLAFR1and pPH1JI plasmids.Five different types of exopolysaccharidedeficient mutants related respectively to eight different mutated sites wereisolated by applying the system to mutagenize the Xcc wild type strain.

本研究将含gus报告基因的转座子Tn5gusA5转座到广谱宿主载体质粒pLAFR1后，利用pLAFR1与pPH1JI质粒的不相容性，建立了一套适合于甘蓝黑腐病菌的转座子诱变体系，应用该体系诱变甘蓝黑腐病菌野生型菌株，成功地分离到5种不同类型、分别涉及8个不同突变位点的胞外多糖突变体。

Utricles globose or ovoid, laterally compressed, membranous, dehiscent by lid, dehiscing irregularly or falling off together with perianth and indehiscent.

胞果球状或卵球形，侧面压扁，膜质，盖裂，开裂不规则或与花被一同脱落且不裂。

Large utricles obovate; pericarp fleshy; endocarp membranous, not adherent to seed; seed vertical, globose, compressed; testa leathery.

大的胞果倒卵形；果皮肉；内果皮膜质，不粘着于种子；种子垂直，球状，压扁；种皮似皮革。

Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093Abstract Plasmodesma is a supracellular structure of plant organism. It provides a direct cell-to-cell cytoplasmic pathway for material transport and message transference, and converts the colonies of independent cells into an interconnected symplast system.

胞间连丝为多细胞植物有机体提供了一个直接的细胞间物质运输和信息传递的细胞质通道，把一个个独立的&细胞王国&转变成相互连接的共质体，它是当今细胞生物学中十分活跃的研究领域。

Plasmodesma is a supracellular structure of plant organism. It provides a direct cell_to_cell cytoplasmic pathway for material transport and message transference, and converts the colonies of independent cells into an interconnected symplast system.

胞间连丝是植物体的一种超细胞结构(supracellularstructure ，Lucasetal，1 993 )，它把一个个独立的&细胞王国&转变成相互连接的共质体，为植物体的物质运输和信息传递提供了一个直接的从细胞到细胞的细胞质通道。

Meanwhile, a new biger genetic group containing 6 cilicate sWains was formed, and it was different from the reference strains. The phylogenic tree of the representative sWains HLJ01 (GenBank accession EF031269) and HB 16 (GenBank accession EF031270) was constructed by analysis of the 16S rDNA full sequence, the results of analysis of 16S rDNA sequence revealed that swain HLJ01, HB 16 and Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus edaphicus were located in the same phylogenic branch. HLJ01 and HB16 had high homology with Bacillus mucilaginosus in the phylogenic tree, but the 16S rDNA sequence of HLJ01 only has the identity of 96.7% with Bacillus mucilaginosus, and of HB16 has the identity of 95.5% with Bacillus mucilaginosus.

根据16S rDNA-RFLP聚类结果，选取供试硅酸盐细菌菌株HLJ01和HB16作为代表测定了其16S rDNA全序列，其Genbank序列登录号分别为EF031269和EF031270.16SrDNA序列分析表明：代表菌株HLJ01与HB16虽然与胶质芽胞杆菌位于同一个系统发育分支，但相似性分别只有96.7％、95.5％；与土壤芽孢杆菌的相似性则分别为94.6％和93.3％。

Our study showed that EGFprotein was mainly localized in the cell plasma of distal tubules and Henle'sloops and EGF mRNA was distributed not only in the nucleuses of above sitesbut also in a few nucleuses of interstitial cells and glomerulus cells.

本研究表明EGF蛋白主要位于髓袢和远曲小管细胞胞浆，而EGFmRNA除了位于上述部位的细胞核中外，在少数间质细胞、肾小球细胞细胞核内也有少量表达。

The morphology and structure of reconstructed tissue was detected by microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results:(1) Compared with the control group, the cellular proportion of laminin group increased in 62 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly. As shown by the microscope, the cells of control group were in low density. The cells in mass connected tightly. The microfilament appeared reticular formation. The nucleus were the same in size. The cells of laminin group were in high density and put out so many lamellipodia, filopodia, which connected with the surrounding cells. The microfilament increased, elongated, and changed from reticulodromous to sarciniform, which reached to the pseudopods. The nucleus were different in size .(2) As shown by the inverted microscope and the cell growth curve, comparing with the controlgroup, cells of each test group increased evidently. The cellular proportion of each test group increased in S phase and G2 ~M phase, and decreased in Go~Gi phase significantly, but there was no considerable interations between LN and EGF;(3) As shown by the morphological observations, the cultured cat corneal endothelial cells formed an integrated membrane, and attached to the Descemets membrane closely, which was similar to the natural tissue. The cells connected tightly to each other, and some of them arranged in hexagon approximately.

结果：(1)层粘连蛋白组处于G_2～M期细胞比例较对照组显著提高，Go～G_1期细胞比例显著下降，提示层粘连蛋白促进内皮细胞DNA合成，及细胞分裂增殖；光镜下，对照组细胞分布成团状，细胞密度较低，细胞间连接紧密，细胞内微丝结成网状，细胞核大小一致；与对照组相比，层粘连蛋白组细胞生长旺盛，细胞密度高，向周边伸出大量板状及丝状伪足，细胞内微丝增多、拉长、集结成束，伸入伪足中，细胞核形状大小不一致；(2)倒置显微镜观察及细胞生长曲线显示，各组细胞数目随时间增加而明显增多，各实验组较对照组增生显著，EGF和LN联合应用组各时间点细胞数目最高；实验组处于S期和G_2～M期细胞数目增加，Go～G_1期细胞数目减少；提示EGF、LN单独及联合应用均可促进细胞增殖，但尚不能认为二者有交互作用；(3)倒置显微镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞排列成密集的单层，细胞间连接紧密；组织学观察发现，培养的猫角膜内皮细胞形成完整的内皮层，贴附于脱水基质的后弹力膜上，与正常的角膜内皮组织结构相似；扫描电镜下，组织培养的猫角膜内皮细胞间紧密镶嵌排列，可见某些细胞呈近似六边形排列，细胞大小不甚一致，胞核清晰。

The plasminogen/plasmin proteolytic system participates in a wide variety of extracellular matrix degradation.

纤维蛋白溶解系统的胞浆素具有造成细胞间质裂解，产生组织破坏的特性，可能是牙髓致病路径之一。

Viciae hurL gene formed nodules in wild-type amounts, indicating that hurL gene is required for nodulation. Although the function of hurL gene in inducing nodulation remains unknown, the results of this work revealed that in addition to the nod and exo genes located on Sym plasmid, the R. leguminosarum chromosomal hurL gene is also involved in controlling its capacity in inducing nodulation on host plant.

虽然目前对hurL基因影响豌豆根瘤菌诱导植物结瘤能力的机制并不清楚，但本文的研究结果首次证明：除位于共生质粒上的结瘤基因和胞外多糖基因外，豌豆根瘤菌在宿主植物上的结瘤还受到染色体基因hurL的控制。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。