胚胎

Results coculture with endometrial epithelial cells could promote the formation of mouse morula (71.3% and 61.2%,p.05) and blastocyst (50.0% and 39.7%,p.05), and increase the blastocyst hatched rate (34.8% and 24.3%,p.05) and total cell number of blastocyst (44.1 and 35.6, p.05).conclusion coculture with endometrial epithelial cells can facilitate the development of early mouse embryo in vitro, which can optimize the condition of embryonic development in vitro.

结果：与无上皮细胞相比，共培养明显促进了小鼠桑椹胚率（71.3%和61.2%，p.05），囊胚率（50.0%和39.7%，p.05），囊胚孵化率（34.8%和24.3%，p.05）和胚胎总细胞数（44.1和35.6，p.05）。结论：子宫内膜上皮细胞能够促进小鼠胚胎的体外发育，对早期胚胎的体外发育环境具有优化作用。

Objective Using fluorescence in situ hybridization to analyze chromosome mosaicism in human preimplantation embryos and access the influence of mosaicism on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

目的 应用荧光原位杂交技术对人类早期胚胎染色体的嵌合型进行初步分析，并探讨胚胎染色体嵌合型对常规体外受精-胚胎移植成功率以及植入前诊断的影响。

ObjectiveUsing fluorescence in situ hybridization to analyze chromosome mosaicism in human preimplantation embryos and access the influence of mosaicism on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

目的应用荧光原位杂交技术对人类早期胚胎染色体的嵌合型进行初步分析，并探讨胚胎染色体嵌合型对常规体外受精-胚胎移植成功率以及植入前诊断的影响。

With Mab 2A3, the first positive cells were detected at the limb bud stage of the embryos. Distinguishable positive haemocytes with a diameter of about 7μm appeared in embryonic-nauplius. At the following nauplius I stage, configuration of haemocytes became more integrated and clear. Their diameters were almost similar to those of haemocytes from adult shrimp. With Mab 1H11, the first positive granular haemocytes were identified at the stage of embryonic-nauplius which existed in clusters with positive punctate fluorescence of granules distributed around the periphery of granular haemocytes.

通过对包括囊胚期、原肠胚期、肢芽期、膜内无节幼体期和无节幼体Ⅰ期在内的中国对虾胚胎的间接免疫荧光检测，最早在肢芽期胚胎中检测到2A3阳性信号；在膜内无节幼体期，2A3阳性血细胞平均直径约7μm，聚集成簇；在无节幼体Ⅰ期，血细胞形态更加完整清晰，平均直径已与成体对虾血细胞相似。1H11阳性大颗粒细胞最早在膜内无节幼体期胚胎中出现，这些细胞同样成簇存在，在其细胞质外围可见点状荧光。

Histological structures of bursas of Fabricius were observed at the different developmental stages from chicken embryoes to chickens. The results were as follows. The bursa of Fabricius began to develop on the 13th day of post-hatching and its cell aggregated into the nodosity clique underneath the epithelium mucosae. On the 15th day of post-hatching, those cell cliques were surrounded by the flat epithelium and formed the basic structure of folliculus lymphaticus. The number of lymphocytes in the folliculus lymphaticus increased gradually, and the medulla and cortex of a majority of folliculus were not discriminated obviously. Until on the 7th day for chickens, the medulla and cortex of folliculus formed completely and the number of folliculus increased significantly. From 21 to 35 days old, the folliculus lymphaticus transformed from polygon into rectangle. Mucosa epithelial cells increased gradually and their cytoblasts arranged compactly into aline in the basilar part on the 35th day.

本研究观察了从鸡胚到出壳后的不同生长发育阶段法氏囊的组织结构，结果表明：胚胎13日龄时，法氏囊开始发育，粘膜上皮下形成结节状细胞集团；胚胎15日龄，聚集的细胞集团形成初始的淋巴滤泡；胚胎18日龄到出壳后1日龄，滤泡内淋巴细胞数量增多，多数滤泡髓质和皮质界限仍不明显；7日龄雏鸡法氏囊髓质皮质分界清晰，滤泡数量显著增多；21日龄到35日龄，滤泡由多边形逐渐转变成长方形；在35日龄时，粘膜上皮细胞逐渐增多，排列紧密，细胞核紧密排列成直线位于基底部。

The efficiency of the nuclear transfer was 63.6%(63/99).Forty-seven clone embryos were transferred into 5 recipient goats. After embryo transfer, two recipient goats have not been seen oestrous within 2 oestrum, and one of the two recipient goats was examined positive by gravid testing, which testified the clone embryos were viable in the uterus of recipient goats.

阳性细胞克隆中的2株(M9，M10)已经进行了首次细胞核移植，核移植成功率为63.6％(63／99)，将47个发育较好的克隆胚胎进行了胚胎移植，共用受体羊5只，2只受体羊2个情期未见返情，在没有返情的2只受体山羊中有1只妊娠检测阳性，说明转基因克隆胚胚胎移植后在受体山羊体内发育良好。

In different embryo developmental stages, its expression was decline gradually . This result indicated that the survivin may play important role in oogenesis and early embryogenesis. One PABP gene was cloned from the subtractive cDNA library.

RT-PCR分析表明该基因主要在卵巢中表达，随着胚胎发育表达逐渐减少，这可能表明该基因在半滑舌鳎卵子形成和早期胚胎发育中起到重要作用。ePABP是特异的在卵巢和早期胚胎表达的Poly结合蛋白。

But the Christian right is not vocally opposed to reproductive technology. By contrast they fiercely oppose stem-cell research on the ground that it destroys embryos—even when the embryos used for research are IVF extras. IVF yields babies, which is generally something the "pro-family" right approved of.

不过，这个基督教右派组织并未直言不讳地对生殖技术表示反对，相反他们强烈反对进行干细胞研究，原因在于后者破坏了胚胎，就算是所破坏的胚胎是IVF产生的多余胚胎也同样如此，而这个"支持家庭"的右派组织却并不反对IVF，因为它是在创造生命。

Besides, the lengths of siliques at different developing stages were measured, and relation between silique length and time course were investigated, the results showed that the siliques grew slower as time goes on.

此外还测量了胚胎不同发育时期的角果长度，获得了胚胎发育时期与角果长度之间的对应关系，发现随着胚胎的发育，角果的生长速率呈现出逐渐递减的趋势。

Comparative studies of embryology of Camellia : sporogenesis andgametogenesis of C.oleifera, C.japonica and C.ptilophylla were watched carefullyunder LM by means of paraffin slides.

山茶属的比较胚胎学研究：通过石蜡切片，用光学显微镜观察油茶、山茶和毛叶茶C.ptilophylla的大小孢子的发生和雌雄配子体的发育；全面总结山茶属的胚胎学资料，从比较胚胎学角度探讨山茶属的系统学问题。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。