胚胎

The cleavation rates and blastocyst development rates of cloned embryos were used to assess the efficiency of different operational procedure. Finally, the best combination of operational procedure, that the spindle-viewer system was used for oocytes enucleating, and donor cell was electrofused into ooplasm by electrical pulse (1.9 kV/cm, 10 ms, two) to reconstruct bovine cloned embryos.

以核移植胚胎的卵裂率、囊胚发育率作为检测指标，对不同的方法所获得的克隆胚胎的卵分裂率与囊胚发育率进行比较，最后筛选获得1个优化的牛体细胞核移植操作程序，即采用Spindle view系统对牛卵母细胞进行去核操作，将供核体细胞注射到卵周隙，然后通过电融合法将供体核引入去核卵细胞质(电融合参数为1.9 kV/cm，脉冲时程10 ms，方波2次间隔2 s)。

On the base of review the research development in tissue culture and genetic transformation, Comparative analyses were made on the callus induction and embryogenetic abilities of anther and non-pollinated ovules of rubber tree. Fluorescence detection was implemented with the different in vitro material of Hevea brasiliensis.

本研究在综述了橡胶树组织培养及遗传转化研究进展的基础上，系统地比较了橡胶花药和未授粉胚珠愈伤组织诱导及体细胞胚胎发生能力，对橡胶树不同离体组织进行荧光背景检测，将在植物胚胎发育时期起重要作用的BBM基因导入橡胶树，对电激法转化游离小孢子细胞以及农杆菌介导花药愈伤组织进行初步探索。

During somatic embryogenesis, we were able to trace the FAC1 expression to single embryogenic cells, suggesting its critical role in early induction.

FACl在体细胞胚胎发育过程中的表达可以追踪到单个的胚性细胞，说明它在激活早期胚胎发育中的关键地位。

To observe the growth of embryon heart by histological method.

并通过组织胚胎学方法对胚胎及胎儿心脏组织发生进行研究。

Placenta as a key temporary organ for maintaining oxygen and nutritive substance exchange in universe and foetus contained immature embryon and adult stem cells that trended to maturity no matter from anatomic structure or growth, besides, placenta could not be related to ethics.

胎盘作为胚胎发育中维系母体和胎儿氧气及营养物质交换的重要暂时性器官，无论从解剖结构还是在发育行为上，都包含了较为幼稚的胚胎及趋于成熟的成体干细胞成分，而且胎盘不会涉及伦理道德问题，目前已成为寻找人类间充质干细胞新来源及提高临床应用效果的研究热点。

To understand global features of gene expression changes during in itro neural differentiation, we carried out the microarray analysis of embryonic stem cells, embryonal carcinoma cells, and adult neural stem/progenitor cells.

中文摘要：为了了解在体外神经分化期间基因表达改变的全面特征，我们对胚胎干细胞，胚胎性癌细胞和成年的神经干/祖细胞进行了微阵列分析。

Embryonal carcinoma and neuroblastoma are both formed during embryonal development, retinoic acid can induce them to differentiate into neurons.

胚胎瘤和神经母细胞瘤都是胚胎发育期间形成的肿瘤，维甲酸可以诱导这两种肿瘤细胞向神经元方向分化，在研究神经元分化机理时作为细胞模型得以广泛应用。

The main content includes the metabolism and energy balance; the ontogenesis of biological rhythms; the development of nervous system and endocrinological regulating mechanisms; the factors affecting the fetal development and growth; the relationships of fetal development to the reproductive and reproductive abilities of adult animals.

主要内容包括胎儿的新陈代谢与能量平衡；生物节律的形成；胚胎期神经系统和主要内分泌器官的发生和调节机制的建立；影响胚胎发生发育的主要因素以及动物的发生发育与成年动物生产与生殖能力的关系。

Generally, most of the follicles undergo atresia during their development in mammals, and only a few grow to maturation and ovulation. For many years, the mechanisms of follicular atresia have been one of the foci of study. Recently, with the development in studies on cell apoptosis, it has been proved that follicular atresia is a process of cell apoptosis. However, the endocrinological and molecular evens underlying follicular development and atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis in the goat has not been studied.

中文题名山羊卵泡发育、闭锁及其调控机理的研究副题名外文题名 Studies on follicular development and atresia and their regulatory mechanism in goat 论文作者于元松导师谭景和教授学科专业基础兽医学研究领域\研究方向动物胚胎学与胚胎生物工程学位级别博士学位授予单位东北农业大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数71页关键词山羊卵泡发育馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S827 /3 哺乳动物卵泡在发育过程中绝大多数闭锁退化，只有少数卵泡发育成熟至排卵。

Methods The distance between the high echogenic transfer dot and the fundal endometrium was measured under guidance of transabdominal ultrasound.

方法在腹部B超引导下测量92例胚胎移植患者的移植胚胎与宫底之间的距离，并取其距离平均数0.75 cm进行分组。

It seems likely that Kraft will return with a better offer.

看起来卡夫要重新考虑一个更好的出价了。

But he'd rather burn off my feelers and watch me squirm.

可他却放任那个家伙对我为所欲为！