胚细胞

These results suggested that many organella could all develop into amyloplast, variation of amyloplast envelope resulted in amylopast proliferation, RER played an important role in synthesis and deposition of protein, ER showed many functions during endosperm development, intercellular space and plasmalemma invagination played an important role in transportation of nutrients, degeneration of starchy endosperm nucleus was a special PCD, Ca〓 and phosphatases played an important role during endosperm development.

上述结果表明：多种细胞器可以趋同发育成淀粉质体，淀粉质体增殖来源于其被膜的活动，粗面内质网在蛋白质的合成与积累中具有重要作用，内质网在胚乳发育中具有多种功能，胞间隙和质膜内陷在营养物质的运输中具有重要作用，淀粉胚乳细胞核的衰退是一种特殊形式的编程性死亡，Ca〓和磷酸水解酶在胚乳发育中起重要作用。

The secondary nuclei can fertilize normally and form nuclear type endosperm while some constitute cellular endosperm, All of them degenerate 12 days after pollination,with the result of the ovules being aborted earlier while the arillus still occur and develop into seedless fruit finally.

次生核虽正常受精，并产生核型胚乳，有的还能发育到细胞型胚，到 12d左右也完全退化。结果导致胚珠极早败育，但假种皮仍能发生发育，最终形成无核果实

Cumulative data have been documented that mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tenocytes, myotubes, neural-like cells, hematopoietic-supporting stroma and other non-hematopoietic cells derived from mesoblast or ectoblast.

大量研究表明，体外培养的骨髓间质干细胞在合适的诱导条件下，可分化为成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、成肌细胞、成腱细胞和神经元样细胞等多种非造血组织特别是中胚层和神经外胚层来源的组织细胞。

Observing the mature embryo sac of the mutant: It was found thatthe embyo sac appeared in typical polygonum type and more than 90% of the embryo sac hadintegral inner structure. They had egg apparatus, two polar nucleus and three antipodal cells , and their position in the embryonic sac was normal .

幼穗分化、成熟胚囊观察发现，90％以上的胚囊具有完整的内部结构，有卵器、两个极核及多个反足细胞，且位置正常，胚囊呈现典型的蓼型结构；同时还观察到雌、雄器官的发育是同步的。

Objectives: Being able to simultaneously express all genes of germline, endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm, bone marrow mesenchymal stem Cells are considered to have the potential to differentiate to other tissues and cell lines.

目的 骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal Stem Cells，MSCs)能同时表达内胚层、中胚层和外胚层等所有三个胚层的基因，具有向其它细胞和组织多向分化的潜能。

The proembryo from zygotic cell divisions may be divided into three parts: proper, hypoblast and suspensor .

玉米合子细胞分裂形成的原胚分为胚柄、基与胚体三部分。

Results:LIF improved the development rate of early embryo at the concentration of 0.1,1 and 10ng/ml(P.05).The enhanced effects of LIF were significant for morula and blastocyst stage,not for 1～8 cell stage of embryos.Conclusion:LIF may improve the development of early mouse embryos at the appropriate concentration.

结果：①0.1ng/ml、1ng/ml和10ng/ml浓度的LIF对小鼠早期胚胎的发育和胚泡的形成有促进作用，0.01ng/ml和100ng/ml浓度的LIF对胚胎的发育无明显影响；②LIF对小鼠早期胚胎发育的影响主要发生于桑椹胚和胚泡期，对1～8细胞期胚胎无明显影响。

Studies on mouse nuclear transfer with compacted morula blastomeres as donors In this study, C57BL/6 mouse morulae blastomeres and Kunming white mouse MⅡoocytes were used as donors and recipients, respectively, to investigate the effects of different sucrose concentration on the manipulation time of nuclear transfer, and the in vitro development of reconstructed embryos.

以致密桑椹胚卵裂球为供体克隆小鼠的研究该研究以C57BL/6 小鼠致密桑椹胚卵裂球为供体、昆明白小鼠MⅡ期卵母细胞为受体，研究了不同蔗糖浓度对核移植操作时间及重构胚体外发育的影响。

In resent year, several in vitro models for committed differentiation of ES cells have been described which give rise to a variety of cell types, including hematopoietic, neuronal, chondroitic, osteocytic, endothelial, myogenic, cardiac and smoothes muscle cells, but the committed differentiation into epidermal stem cells have not been reported.

ES细胞为研究基因功能、胚胎发生和个体发育，及组织细胞分化机理提供了理想的模型。近年来的研究表明，适当条件下，ES细胞可定向分化为三个胚层的各种类型的细胞，其中包括向神经元、造血细胞、成骨细胞、心肌细胞、血管内皮、软骨细胞、平滑肌特方向的定向分化。

This experiment aimed to systematically investigate and analyze the ethanol activated rates of mouse oocytes, affected factors of oocytes activation, types and development of parthenotes, and the organization and roles of the cytoskeleton during pronuclear formation and migration and early embryo cleavage by ethanol activation of oocytes, embryo culture in vitro and immunofluorescence cyto-chemistry. The results:(1) The ethanol activation of mouse oocytes showed that the activated and developmental rates of oocytes increased significantly with the increase of ethanol concentration and extension of exposure time, but over concentration and exposure time would result in increased fragment rates significantly. 7% ethanol treated oocytes for 7min was the optimum activated condition.

本实验主要利用卵母细胞的乙醇激活、胚胎体外培养和免疫荧光细胞化学方法对小鼠卵母细胞乙醇激活效率、影响因素、孤雌胚类型、发育、原核形成、迁移及早期胚胎卵裂过程中细胞骨架的组装、作用等进行了系统的研究和分析，结果显示：(1)小鼠卵母细胞的乙醇激活结果表明，随着乙醇浓度的升高和作用时间的延长，卵母细胞激活率和发育率都显著提高，但乙醇浓度过高和作用时间过长会导致卵母细胞碎裂率的显著增加，7%乙醇作用卵母细胞7min 为最佳激活条件。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷