胚珠的

Ovaries 2; ovules numerous in each carpel.

子房2；在每心皮里的胚珠多数。

Further studies should be done to confirm if Est-4, Acp-2 and Acp-3 could regulate the development of 8-nucleat embryo sac.

授粉后Est和Acp的酶位点变化说明与胚珠发育相关的一系列基因表达有时序性，位点Est-4、Acp-2和Acp-3是否直接参与了八核胚囊发育的控制，有待于进一步的研究。

Embryological observations on Crawfurdia delavayi, Tripterospermum cordatum, T. chinense, Gentiana striata and Pterygocalyx yolubilis show that the group under study is greatly diverse in differentiation and development of anther wall, type of ovule and placentae, synergid and antipodal cell in embryo sac, testa and embryogeny etc. The embryological characters are different among Crawfurdia, Tripterospermum and Gentiana Sect.

胚胎学 本文对披针叶蔓龙胆C.delavayi、双蝴蝶T.chinense、峨眉双蝴蝶T.cordatum、条纹龙胆G.striata和翼萼蔓P.voiubilis作了较详细的胚胎学研究，这些类群在花药壁的分化和形成、胚珠和胎座类型、卵器中的助细胞和反足细胞、种皮以及胚发育等特征上存在差异，并且在胚胎学特征上各自拥有原始和进化的性状。

Although the megagametophyte formed and even the double fertilization had been finished 70 days after pollination at normal temperature, the megasporogenesis had not yet been finished at low temperature.

低温(12-18℃)处理的蝴蝶兰，授粉50d开始分化胚珠原基、60 d胚囊处于大孢子母细胞时期，比常温(20-25℃)下的推迟10-15 d；授粉70 d，常温下的蝴蝶兰植株已完成雌配子体发育和双受精，而低温处理的蝴蝶兰仍未完成大孢子的发生过程。

The quantities of starch grains in the two"cells"in micropyle part of embryosac gradually decrease and become unclear.With the further development of embryosac the starch grains in the central cell and antipodal cell disappear in succession,however,the egg cell does not.

在准极核移向胚囊中部前后，不同的功能性细胞有不同的表现，珠孔端的两个"细胞"淀粉粒数量逐渐减少并变得不明显，随着胚囊的进一步发育，其中中央细胞和反足细胞内的淀粉粒相继消失，但卵细胞内却一直保存着。

Phosphatases all took part in transporting degraded product of nucellus, transporting reverse material from apoplast to endosperm cell, degeneration of starchy endosperm nucleus.

磷酸水解酶共同参与了珠心降解产物向胚囊中的运输、营养物质从质外体向胚乳细胞中的运输、细胞核的解体。

Double fertilization The fusion of one pollen nucleus with the egg to form the zygote and of the other pollen nucleus with a polar nucleus to form the triploid endosperm nucleus.

双受精：指花粉粒中的一个精子与胚珠中的卵细胞结合形成受精卵，另一个精核与极核结合形成三倍体的胚乳核。

The quantities of starch grains in the two"cells"in micropyle part of embryosac gradually decrease and become unclear.With the further development of embryosac the starch grains in the central cell and antipodal cell disappear in succession,however,the egg cell does not.

在准极核移向胚囊中部前后，不同的功能性细胞有不同的表现，珠孔端的两个&细胞&淀粉粒数量逐渐减少并变得不明显，随着胚囊的进一步发育，其中中央细胞和反足细胞内的淀粉粒相继消失，但卵细胞内却一直保存着。

And the biochemical, cytochemical and ultrastructural changes in the nucellar cells in relation to the pollen chamber formation were studied.

胚珠贮粉室的发育过程，进行了扫描电子显微镜的观察，并对其间相关珠心细胞的生物化学、细胞化学和超微结构变化作了研究。

According to the year with the best large-seed production, the reasons for empty seeds could be estimated as follows: Seed potential per cone calculated as 2 times the number of fertile ovuliferous scales was about 206 seeds. Percentages of seed losses resulting from pre-and post-pollination ovule abortion, prezygotic factors, embryo degeneration, and efficient seed were 33%, 27%, 39%, and%, respectively.

依据大粒种子产率最高的1年来估测空粒种子产生的因素，可以推估如下：依据每个可孕性鳞片所含2粒种子的鳞片数，潜力种子数约有206粒，再依此值算出受粉前后胚珠败育率、受精前败育率、胚败育率、及有效种子率分别为33%、27%、39%及%。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。