胚根

The results indicated:0.1 mg/L 2,4-D or 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+0.2 mg/L KT was optimal to induct the callus of carrot hypocotyls.The majority of the callus induced on the medium containing 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D regenerated embryoid,whereas,the callus induced on the medium containing 0.1 mg/L (2,4-D)+0.2 mg/L KT produced adventive buds.During the growth of regenerated plant,MS medium is available for rooting of seedling,and seedling regenerated on B5 medium must be placed on the B5 medium containing 0.1% IBA to develop root.

试验结果表明：0 1mg/L2，4 D或0 1mg/L2，4 D+0 2mg/LKT的激素组合有利于胡萝卜下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导；在0 1mg/L2，4 D的培养基上形成的愈伤组织主要以胚状体的形式再生，而在含0 1mg/L2，4 D+0 2mg/LKT激素组合的培养基上形成的愈伤组织主要以发生不定芽的方式再生；再生过程中，B5基本培养基上的苗子不易生根，需要附加0 1mg/L的IBA，而在MS培养基上苗子可直接形成根。

In this study, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars were used as materials to investigate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D) on somatic embryogenesis and of naphthaleneacetic acid and ascorbic acid on rooting, then to find a efficient protocols for regeneration of plantlet via somatic embryogenesis.

本试验以落花生栽培种之未熟胚为材料，探讨2，4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2，4-D)诱导体胚，及naphthaleneacetic acid与抗坏血酸促进发根的效果，期望建立经由体胚形成再生植株之方法。

Furthermore, supplements of callus induction medium under N6 basic medium,such as concentration of 2,4-D, proline and casein hydrolysate were used to study their effects on the induction frequency,embryogeny and quality of callus,the inhibition of embryo spontaneous shooting.

幼胚在附加4 mg/L 2，4-D且去掉水解酪蛋白和L-脯氨酸的N6改良培养基上，幼芽及根的数量少、出愈率高、愈伤组织质地好，并明显减少了幼胚自发性芽分化的趋势，有利于保持愈伤组织胚性、提高再生植株频率，为玉米自交系幼胚诱导的适宜培养基。

The results show that lipid in megagametophyte is preferentially used during germination than lipid from embryo or seedlings and starch accumulation in cotyledon and hypocotyl functioned as temperate storage material.

在子叶中细胞质和质体果糖1，6二磷酸酶的活性都明显高于下胚轴，根和未萌发胚中细胞质和质体果糖1，6二磷酸酶的活性极低，表明子叶和下胚轴进行活跃的蔗糖和淀粉合成活动。

The morphology of M2 and M3 was observed in hothouse and mutants on cotyledon and root of seedling, or embryo of seed were identified. The result showed that there were 8 types of mutative treats on cotyledon, including light-yellow cotyledon, yellowish cotyledon, trump-shaped cotyledon, multilobed cotyledon, non-cotyledon, single-cotyledon, tricotyledon and quadrcotyledon.

M_2和M_3的水培和形态学观察的结果发现，子叶性状出现浅色、黄化、喇叭形、多耳突、无子叶、单子叶、三子叶、四子叶等8种变异类型；根系性状出现短小根、发达根、无侧根和弱向地性等4种变异类型；种胚性状中发现了多胚变异。

This paper presents a study of Eucalyptus dunnii tissue culture, using its seeds as explants. The results reveal that MS medium is a suitable basic medium for its seeds to germinate and grow; that MS+KT1.0 mg/L+2, 4-D2.0 mg/L+Homocysteine30mg/L is a good medium to induce its seeds to dedifferentiate directly into callus; that H+6-BA2.0 mg/L+IAA0.2 mg/L is a good medium to make its bud on the seedling reproduce more buds; that MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA0.2 mg/L is a better medium to induce its root on the seedling into callus; that B5+6-BA2.0 mg/L+2, 4-D0.2 mg/L can induce its under-hypocotyl to differentiate into buds; and that B5+Ad2.0 mg/L+IAA0.2 mg/L can induce its under-hypocotyl into callus to generate normal buds.

以邓恩桉种子为外植体，探讨用最少种子快速繁殖最多幼苗的方法，结果表明：MS培养基是较适合邓恩桉种子萌芽和生长的基本培养基；诱导种子直接脱分化成愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为MS+KT1.0 mg/L+2，4-D2.0 mg/L+半胱氨酸30 mg/L；以邓恩桉实生苗的芽来繁芽的较理想培养基配方为H+BA2.0 mg/L+IAA0.2 mg/L；邓恩桉实生苗的根诱导愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA0.2 mg/L；诱导邓恩桉下胚轴分化芽较佳培养基配方为B5+6-BA2.0 mg/L+2，4-D0.2 mg/L；诱导邓恩桉下胚轴脱分化为胚性愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为B5+Ad2.0 mg/L+IAA0.2 mg/L。

Temporally, rhizobium abundance in root and pericarp is obviously higher at pod-bearing stage than any other growth stage. Rhizobium abundance in various floral organs rapidly increases after pollination. During ovary-to-legume germinative process, rhizobium abundance in ovary wall and ovule increases logarithmically. Endogenous rhizobia are found in ovule only after fertilization, and rhizobium abundance in young seeds is higher than in fertilized ovule. This implies that endogenous rhizobia can be transported and colonized in early germinated seedlings.

在时间上，结荚期根、荚果皮内的根瘤菌数量明显高于其他时期；花内各器官在授粉后根瘤菌数量迅速增加；由子房向荚果发育的过程中，子房壁和胚珠内的根瘤菌数量随时间呈对数增长；胚珠在受精后即存在有内生根瘤菌，并且幼嫩种子内生根瘤菌数量远高于受精胚珠，证明内生根瘤菌能被转运并定殖在发育早期的种子中。

The 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L-1 BA and 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA was very beneficial to the protocorm differentiation and propagation of D.candidum .The highest protocorm propagation index was obtained from the medium containing the activated carbon.The highest root numbers and length were observed in plants growing in 1/2 MS medium containing 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA.

结果与结论：添加20%马铃薯液有利于种胚的萌发，种胚萌发率为79.37%；BA 1.0 mg.L-1和NAA 0.1 mg.L-1最有利于原球茎增殖，培养基中添加2%活性碳原球茎增殖倍数高；NAA有助于试管苗的生根，不同含量NAA以0.5 mg.L-1时试管苗平均根数最多和平均根长最长。

Segments produced clusters of somatic embryos from embryogenic calli or directly from root apical meristems , and that also can convert into bud directly in the different tissue culture conditions. Modified media B5 with 1.0 mg.L-1 2,4 - D and 3.0mg.L~1 6-BA is suit to induce calli, and 0.5 mg.L-1 NAA is fit for somatic embryos inducement from calli. 6-BA encreased direct somatic embryogenesis on root tip distinctly,but NAA is retard it. NAA also prolong the time of root-tip convert into bud directly.

在改良B_5(微量元素为原来的1／3)中加入1.0mg.L~(-1)2，4—D和3.0mg.L~(-1)6-BA对离体根尖的愈伤组织诱导较为合适，0.5mg.L~(-1)NAA有利于从愈伤组织上产生体细胞胚；6-BA明显促进离体根尖直接产生类原球茎，而NAA则有阻碍作用；同时NAA的存在也使离体根尖直接成芽的时间延长。

Keeping this in mind, a study was undertaken to determine the effect of CA on early growth of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus=Vigna radiata), morphogenetic response in hypocotyl cuttings of mung bean, and changes in the activities of some associated enzymes – proteases, polyphenol oxidases, and peroxidases – and endogenous total phenolics at root initiation (third day; 48 h; appearance of root primordia; RI), root expression (fifth day; 120 h; appearance of roots; RE), and post-expression (seventh day; 168 h; PE) stages of rhizogenesis.

保持这一点，一项研究，以确定影响钙对早期生长绿豆（ phaseolus金黄色葡萄球菌=豇豆拉迪雅塔），形态发生反应，下胚轴插条绿豆，和变化，在活动的一些相关的酶-蛋白酶，多酚氧化酶，过氧化物酶-和内源性总酚的从根本上启动（第三天； 4 8小时；外观根原基；里），根的表达（第五天； 1 20改为H级；外观根；转口），和后表达（第七天； 168改为H级； PE ）的阶段rhizogenesis 。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。