胚层的

The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed , unspecialized cells set in a

间叶细胞胚胎的中胚层部分，由生长于胶状基质的、结构松散的、无特定功能的细胞组成，这些细胞将会发育成结缔组织、骨、软骨、血液及淋巴系统

According to 5'flank regions and partial sequences of the MyoG gene in Sus scrofa, Bos taurus, Homo sapiens, and Mus musculus published in GenBank, the homogeneous primers were designed to amplify the promoter region of Gansu wapiti MyoG by Touch-Down PCR.

MyoD和MyoG是一类肌调节蛋白，其中MyoD代表肌源性的发生；MyoG诱导骨骼肌的最终分化，调控中胚层细胞分化为成肌细胞，再由成肌细胞融合为肌纤维这一过程，在肌细胞分化过程中起着中心调节作用，是唯一的不可替代的成肌调节因子[2]。

Then, under the control of systemic factors, mesenchymal cells aggregate and differentiate to form catilage blastemal elements that prefigure skeletal limb components.

脊椎动物胚胎期骨与关节系统的发生是一种复杂生命现象，起始于中胚层间充质细胞的定向聚集，形成肢芽，然后在一系列作用因子的调控下，肢芽内细胞进一步分化，形成具有骨骼雏形的软骨原基，后者经软骨内骨化发育成骨。

The present case report explains echographic features of a Mesoblastic Nephroma diagnosed at the 31 weeks of pregnancy and make a brief discussion.

我们的这个病例就提供了一例在孕31周诊断的中胚层肾瘤的回声特征并做了简单的讨论。

Results There were 8 angiomyolipomas, 2 leiomyomas, 2 multilocular cystic nephromas, 1 hemangioma and 1 mesoblastic nephroma. Only multilocular cystic nephroma and leiomyoma have special characteristics that can be determined from RCC.

典型的平滑肌瘤和多囊性肾瘤在CT上有可与肾癌鉴别的特征性表现：平滑肌瘤为规则圆形，边界清楚，密度均匀，CT值略高于肾实质，无钙化，弱强化；多囊性肾瘤为边界清楚的包块，可见边缘锐利含多个分隔的肿块，分隔之间为囊腔，囊内容物的CT值与水相似或稍高，而错构瘤、海绵状血管瘤、慢性肾脓肿、中胚层肾瘤在CT上无法与肾癌鉴别。

Having or characterized by a robust,muscular body build caused by the predominance of structures developed from the embryonic mesodermal layer.

具有运动型体格的由胚胎中胚层发育而来，因结构占优势而促成健壮高大的体型的、或以此为特征的

Of lung cancer generally refers to the substance of the Ministry of lung cancer, often do not contain other pleural mesodermal origin of tumor, or malignant lymphoma, other malignant tumors such as carcinoid tumors, or transfer from other tumors.

肺癌一般指的是肺实质部的癌症，通常不包含其他肋膜起源的中胚层肿瘤，或恶性淋巴瘤、其他恶性肿瘤如类癌，或是转移自其他的肿瘤。

Human basic fibroblast growth factor is a single-chain heparin-binding polypeptide. It is a general regulatory mediator for different cells such as endothelial cells and for other cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal origin, it stimulates cells proliferation, inducing or delaying differentiation.

人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子是一种单链的具有与肝素结合能力的多肽分子，它能够调节内皮细胞及其它来源于中胚层和神经外胚层等多种细胞的生长、分化、迁移和凋亡，同时是一种重要的血管生成因子，因此具有广泛的临床应用价值。

As similar defects are not exhibited by mice that experience systemic inhibition of NF-B, we postulated that the morphogenetic defects in IKK--deficient mice are not caused by reduced NF-B activity but instead are due to failed epidermal differentiation that disrupts proper epidermal–mesodermal interactions.

因为类似的缺陷没有出现在经历了全身NF-B抑制的小鼠，作者推断IKK缺失小鼠的形态发生缺陷不是由于NF-B活性降低引起而是因为可以破裂专属表皮－中胚层相互作用的表皮分化失败引起。

Notch1 is expressed by stem cells resided in the cervical loop epithelium, and Notch signaling pathway play a central role in fate decision of those stem cells. Notch receptors and their ligands are involved in both patterning and cell fate determination during odontogenesis. Moreover, many cell factors, which are closely related with odontogenesis, could regulate expression of Notch receptors or their ligands.

既往研究显示：早在牙齿发育期，Notch1就表达于颈环星网状层的干细胞中，是其保持干细胞性质的重要机制；Notch-Delta信号还与成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞分化有关，被认为是牙齿发育细胞分化多样性的原因之一；另外，目前已明确与牙胚细胞分化有关的生长因子如TGFβ、FGF、BMPs等均可诱导Notch受、配体的表达。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。