胚层的

Furthormore, xNorrin can not activate canonical Wnt signaling in the endomesoderm, suggesting additional mechanisms to restrict xNorrin activity in the ectoderm besides of its RNA localization in the animal pole..

进一步的体内实验表明，xNorrin协同xFrizzled4及xLrp5/6只能在外胚层激活经典Wnt信号通路，而在内中胚层中这种活性则很低，提示除了其RNA定位在动物极细胞之外，还存在着另外一种分子机制将xNorrin的活性限制在背部外胚层。

①At the 8 weeks of fetalage, the ciliated, small mucous granule cells and rare basal cells were all differentiated from endoderm cubic cells, which was 3 weeks earlier than Gaillard's report.

①人胚胎8周时，内胚层细胞已分化出气管上皮的纤毛细胞、小粘液颗粒细胞、基底细胞很少，该结果比过去Gaillard等的报告提前3周。

The differentiation and fusion of cells may be therefore the two essential ways for the BMDSCs to change their phenotypes from mesoderm to ectoderm.

细胞转分化和细胞融合有可能是中胚层来源的BMDSCs向神经外胚层细胞变化的两种必要机制。

ESCs are traditionally regarded as ICM cells, though some scholars believe they are more closely resemble cells from the epiblast. But recent evidence about cell molecular markers indicate that ES cell's characteristics resemble early germ cells.

传统观念常常把ESCs等同于ICM细胞，也有学者认为ESCs更象上胚层细胞，而在已知的分子标记基因方面，ESCs所具有的特征更接近体内早期生殖细胞。

Transcripts of zebrafish Hspa5 are present in fertilized eggs, suggesting their maternal origin. Zygotic expression of Hspa5 starts during midgastrulation and occurs in the hypoblast cells. It is specifically expressed in the hatching gland and the notochord during segmentation.

结果表明，Hspa5 mRNA在卵子中就存在，是一个母源基因；其合子基因的表达开始于原肠中期的下胚层，在体节期发生在脊索和孵化腺中。

It was needed only 20-30 minutes; the active components can be transformed into high concentration active substances, nonstop to the deep skin, the active components infiltrate to Subcutaneous tissue through the channels among Hair follicles, sweat glands and cells, reach the mesoblast .then it open the entrance easily by stimulating the water channels protein on the cell membrane, infiltrate the cell membrane, make the skin cells to absorb nutrients plenary.

需20-30分钟即可将活性成分快速转换成高浓度的活性物质，直达深层皮肤；利用"水电泳"技术，活性成分通过毛囊、汗腺与细胞间通道渗透皮下组织，达到中胚层通过刺激细胞膜上的"水通道蛋白"，轻易打开入口，渗透细胞膜，使皮肤细胞充分吸收营养成分

PartⅠTheoretical Research MSCs is stem cells capable of multi-directional differentiation arising from mesoblast, which principally lies in stroma of connective tissues and organs, especially abundant in marrow, even divorted from fetal umbilic blood, differentiates into osteocytes, chondrocytes, tendon cells, myoctes, nerve cells, adipose cells and hematopoiesis stromal cells and so on.

理论研究间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)是中胚层来源的具有多向分化能力的干细胞，主要存在于全身结缔组织和器官间质中，以骨髓组织中含量最为丰富，胎儿脐血中亦可分离得到。

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cell, which can differentiate to the cells derived of mesoderm.

间充质干细胞是一类具有多能性的干细胞，在适宜条件下可以向多种中胚层来源的组织细胞分化。

Many signaling pathways play important roles in the formation of mesoderm and patterning of the neuroectoderm during early development of vertebrate embryos.

在脊椎动物胚胎的早期发育中，多种信号途径对中胚层形成和神经外胚层分化起着重要的调节作用。

Thus, epidermal differentiation is required for proper morphogenesis of mesodermally derived skeletal elements.

因此，表皮分化是中胚层来源的骨骼成分正确形态发生必需的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。