胚乳的

These results suggested that many organella could all develop into amyloplast, variation of amyloplast envelope resulted in amylopast proliferation, RER played an important role in synthesis and deposition of protein, ER showed many functions during endosperm development, intercellular space and plasmalemma invagination played an important role in transportation of nutrients, degeneration of starchy endosperm nucleus was a special PCD, Ca〓 and phosphatases played an important role during endosperm development.

上述结果表明：多种细胞器可以趋同发育成淀粉质体，淀粉质体增殖来源于其被膜的活动，粗面内质网在蛋白质的合成与积累中具有重要作用，内质网在胚乳发育中具有多种功能，胞间隙和质膜内陷在营养物质的运输中具有重要作用，淀粉胚乳细胞核的衰退是一种特殊形式的编程性死亡，Ca〓和磷酸水解酶在胚乳发育中起重要作用。

Statistical methods designed specifically for mapping QTL controlling endosperm trait have been proposed by several researchers in recent years, but these methods all ignored the influence of the maternal genom.

谷类作物种子的整个发育过程是在母体植株上完成的，母株为种子提供库容和营养，因此种子胚乳性状和胚性状的遗传表达除了受胚乳和胚自身基因型控制以外，还可能受到母株基因型影响。

The pearl millet pollenreadily germinated on the wheat stigma and more than one pollen tubes grew into thestyle and entered the embryo sac.

波斯小麦已授粉的207个子房中，11.11％既形成胚又形成胚乳，7.25％只形成胚，而1.93％只形成胚乳，在这个杂交中受精率和成胚率分别为20.29％和18.36％。

A quick DNA extraction technique which was fitting for maize variety identification and establishing DNA fingerprinting pool was explored ,and the technique was well applied in the following tissues for DNA extraction : embryo, endosperm; radicel, coleoptile , hypocotyl from germinated 1～3 days material .

本实验探索了适用于玉米品种鉴定及DNA指纹库构建的玉米品种DNA快速煮沸法，用快速煮沸法提取了玉米种子胚、胚乳；水培初生根、侧根；种子出苗后的初生根、侧根、胚芽鞘、胚轴、叶片等组织DNA，结果表明，种子胚、胚乳组织；水培2～4d水培初生根、侧根组织；出苗1～5d的胚芽鞘、胚轴组织用快速煮沸法提取DNA效果较好。

DC have been studied by using the cytochemical methods. The results showed that the cytoplasm of the haustorial cells, the degenerating sites of integumentary cells and nucellar cells surrounding haustorial cells showed strong PAS staining.

DC的胚乳吸器进行了细胞化学研究，结果显示，胚乳吸器的细胞质、胚乳吸器周围解体的珠心细胞和珠被细胞均呈强PAS正反应。

During embryogenesis, CaM mRNA was expressedstronger in the endosperm cells than in the proembryo cells at earlier stage but it wasreversed at embryo differentiation stage.

胚胎发育早期，钙调素mRNA在胚乳细胞中的表达比原胚中强，而后期则在分化胚中比胚乳细胞中强。

The grain filling of superior spikelets was a continuous progressing process without interruption: Free nucleus→endosperm cell formation→endosperm cells differentiating into aleurone layer and starchy endosperm→composition and storage of reserve materials such as starch and storage proteins.

水稻强势籽粒的胚乳发育是一个无间断的连续过程，经过游离核期→胚乳细胞化→胚乳细胞分化发育成糊粉层和淀粉质胚乳→合成和累积淀粉、蛋白质等贮藏物质，约在20d以内完成胚乳发育的全过程，不同强势籽粒的胚乳发育进程大体一致。

The method is based on a genetic model containing both the direct effects and maternal effects of an endosperm QTL and on an experimental design termed two-stage hierarchical design, in which the trait information is obtained from F3 endosperms and molecular marker information is obtained from F2 plants and F3 embryos.

文章提出了包括胚乳效应和母体效应的胚乳性状QTL定位的统计方法，该方法的实验设计是分子标记基因型信息来自F2母体植株和F3种子胚，胚乳性状表型值来自F3单粒种子胚乳，称之为两步等级设计。

We found the relationship among starch metabolism, metabolisms of other components and gene expressing profiling due to the accumulation of sugar. Then, genes expression patterns of starch biosynthesis in leaves and developing endosperms of 5 maize inbreds were studied for the contribution of different genes to starch biosynthesis in endosperm.

为深入了解玉米淀粉合成的分子调控机理，本研究首先以B73、ae/wx和sh1授粉后15天的胚乳为材料，利用18K Affymetrix玉米基因组芯片平台，研究了突变体材料中基因表达谱的变化，发现了淀粉合成受阻后糖的积累对其它物质代谢和基因表达调控的影响；在此基础上，对可能参与淀粉合成的基因以多个自交系为材料，分析它们在叶片和胚乳发育过程中的表达模式，研究了不同成员对胚乳淀粉合成的贡献。

Based on Bayesian statistics and quantitative genetic model of triploid endosperm traits, we proposed a Bayesian method for mapping QTL underlying endosperm traits, which used the DNA molecular marker genotypes of each plant in segregation population and the single endosperm observation of a few endosperms of each plant as data set to analyze endosperm QTL.

将贝叶斯统计原理和胚乳性状的数量遗传模型相结合，以分离群体中各植株的分子标记基因型以及植株上若干粒种子胚乳性状的单粒观测值为数据模式，提出胚乳性状QTL区间作图的贝叶斯方法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。