胎盘

Methods:Retrospectively analyzed clinic data of 51 cases with placental abruption from January 2005 to December 2006,and analyzed the etiology,prognosis and the effect of fetus location on diagnosis.

回顾性分析我院2005年1月～2006年12月收治的51例胎盘早剥患者的临床资料，分析胎盘早剥的发病诱因、新生儿预后及胎盘的位置对胎盘早剥产前诊断的影响。

Although the pathologic changes of ICP are similar to those of placental ischemia,these alterations influenced directly the plaˉcental blood and oxygen supply function to result in bad pregnancy.

虽然ICP时胎盘病理改变与胎盘缺血缺氧时的改变相比无特异性，但形态学改变直接影响了胎盘的供血和供氧功能，导致了不良妊娠结局。

Methods mRNA of placenta from normal pregnancy and PIH were extracted and labeled with flourescent Cy3 and Cy5 in reverse transcription,respectively.

方法从正常妊娠胎盘和PIH胎盘中抽提mRNA，反转录后，分别用Cy3、Cy5荧光标记，获得两组胎盘来源的cDNA探针。

Methods: Separate and abstract the effective components of Huangqi (Omni-Saponin、total-flavone) and Danshen (Danshen-ketone、 Danshen-Quinone). Applying L-Arginine methyl ester to pregnant rats by I. P to make Nitrogen Oxide Synthesis blocking models (uterus-placenta-fetus lacking blood and oxygen model or pregnant hypertension syndrome model). On day 12, 18 of pregnancy paunched the rats and took out the fetus and placenta/uterus. Measured the basal BP during pregnant period and BP、protein、basal activity each day. Observed placenta/deciduas ultramicroscopic structure by electron microscope and took count of languishment cells. Measured the expressive intensity of bcl-2、Bax of placental nutrient cells by SABC method.

一氧化氮合成酶阻滞剂L-精氨酸甲酯妊娠大鼠腹腔给药，制作一氧化氮合成阻滞模型（子宫-胎盘-胎儿缺血缺氧或妊娠高血压模型），妊娠第12、18天剖腹取胎、胎盘／子宫，妊娠期测基础血压，每日测血压、蛋白质量、基本生理活动；电镜观察胎盘／蜕膜超微形态结构，并进行细胞凋亡计数；免疫组化检测胎盘滋养细胞bcl-2、Bax表达强度；原位杂交法检测胎盘滋养细胞、血管内皮细胞VEGF、eNOS、iNOS、MCP-1、MMP9（基质金属蛋白酶9）mRNA表达。

Methods Forty women and their babies (40) were enrolled in this study. Placental tissues were assayed for leptin mRNA by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction, and assayed for the obese gene protein leptin by Western-blot and immunohistochemistry. Blood was taken from the umbilical cord of the babies at delivery. Serum leptin was measured by radio-immunoassay. Neonatal anthropometric measurements were recorded within 48 hours after delivery.

方法在40例产妇分娩时采集胎盘与脐血，采用逆转录聚合酶链反应检测胎盘肥胖基因mRNA相对表达水平，采用Western-Blot检测胎盘肥胖基因蛋白表达水平，采用免疫组化观察胎盘肥胖基因蛋白表达位点，采用放射免疫法检测脐血瘦素水平，采用Ponderal指数［PI=100×体重/身长3］估测新生儿营养状态。

The NO content and the NOS activity were down in the PIH pregnant women placenta.This showed that the ghrelin regulated the VEGF and influenced the the NO down.And the placenta angiospasm,blood pressure highten, and the PIH were caused also by this. The ghrelin,VEGF,Flt-1,NO and NOS were detected by the SP-immunochemistry, RQ-PCR,cell culture in vitro,ASODN and nitrate reductase in the normal pregnancy,PIH placenta and the cultured HUVEC antisense blocking ghrelin in vitro.

结果证实：PIH孕妇胎盘组织中Ghrelin，VEGF、Flt-1蛋白和mRNA水平下降与正常孕妇比较有显著性差异p＜0.05提示在PIH发病过程中Ghrelin可能对VEGF，Flt-1蛋白和mRNA的表达具有下调作用，进而影响胎盘血管网的形成和发育；NO含量与NOS活力水平在PIH孕妇胎盘组织中下降，提示Ghrelin可能通过下调VEGF的表达进一步影响血管舒张因子NO水平下降，进而引起胎盘血管痉挛，血压升高，最终导致PIH的发生。

The thickening of endangium angiostenosis, fibronoid necrosis and acute arterial atherosis were found at the sites of positive expressions in SPIH.

结果 妊高征组胎盘绒毛和子宫胎盘床血管壁IgA、IgG、IgM和C3的阳性表达率胎盘绒毛：20.1%，24.1%，72.4%和65.5%；胎盘床：20.0%，20.0%，70.0%和60.0%）均分别显著高于对照组(P＜0.05，而对照组均呈阴性表达。

Their relative molecular weights were 4785 and 4386 respectively. And their absorbance peaks were 210.5 nm and 225.4 nm respectively. The bovine and caprine placental peptides could improve immunosuppressive T lymphocyte transformation rate. The immunosuppressive lymphocyte transformation rates in groups with the bovine placental peptide of 1:1×10^3 and 1:1×10^4 (P.05)and with the caprine placental peptides of 1:1×10^2, 1:1×10^3 and 1:1×10^4 (P.01 )increased more remarkably than that in immunosuppression group.

结果 从牛和羊胎盘中成功提取出了胎盘肽，其相对分子质量分别为4785和4386；其最大吸收峰分别为210.5和225.4nm；牛和羊胎盘肽均可使顺铂抑制的兔外周血T淋巴细胞的转化率显著提高，其中牛胎盘肽以1：l×10^3、1：l×10^4 2组吸收度明显高于抑制组(P.05)；羊胎盘肽以1：1×10^2、1：1×10^3和1：1×10^3 3组效果最为明显(P.01)。

MethodsThe distilled bovine and caprine placental peptide s were prepared by ultrafiltering and their relative molecular weights were mensurated by improved Tricine-SDS-PAGE eletrophoresis with urea.

结果从牛和羊胎盘中成功提取出了胎盘肽，其相对分子质量分别为4 785和4 386；其最大吸收峰分别为210.5和225.4 nm；牛和羊胎盘肽均可使顺铂抑制的兔外周血T淋巴细胞的转化率显著提高，其中牛胎盘肽以1∶1×103、1∶1×1042组吸收度明显高于抑制组(P.05)；羊胎盘肽以1∶1×102、1∶1×103和1∶1×1043组效果最为明显(P.01)。

Placental factors, such as the placenta dysplasia, a smaller placenta, placental formation Duocheng lobulated, therefore, the fetus through the placenta supplies nutrients bound to be affected.

胎盘方面因素如胎盘发育不良，胎盘较小，胎盘形成多呈分叶状，因此，通过胎盘供应胎儿的营养物质必然受到影响。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。