背景情况

The paper points out that the activity of criticism on Einstein is the political activity and the philosophical criticism,and the people used the methods of subreption,libel and sophism in the activity.

关于开展这类活动的社会背景及其过程，屈敬诚和许良英先生的论文已做了很好的研究，[1]本文试图在此基础上，对于有关爱因斯坦的批判情况做进一步的讨论。

The article first introduced the spectrum tube design background and some basic situations of domestic and foreign similar instruments.

文章首先介绍了光谱筒的设计背景和国内外类似仪器一些基本情况。

Firstly, the thesis shows the background of ssl and the project.

首先介绍了SSL协议的基本情况和课题背景。

First of all, we review the development of human resource management in different management stage.

本研究从管理发展的历史沿革，探讨了人力资源管理在管理发展的各阶段的情况，探讨了战略性人力资源管理出现的背景，定义，总结出在现代人力资源的管理中战略性人力资源的重要性。

Modern approach methods of geography, ecology, quantitative analysis, expert integration, remote sensing image analysis and geographical information system were combined to reveal the matters in this paper. The eco-geographical background of the research area and the research work studied by other scholars were comprehensively expatiated. The temporal and spatial variation of precipitation and soil moisture, vegetation and soil distribution, and land use/land cover were compared as well. On the basis of foregoing analysis, the eco-geographical differentiation was discussed. According to principles and indicators, with extension engineering method and integrated analysis, the physical geography boundary between subhumid and semiarid areas were demarcated. By using remote sensing image analysis, wavelet analysis of the perennial precipitation and temperature, and the comparison of temporal and spatial variation of the desertification, this paper accounted for the regional response to global environmental change and suggested the dominant environmental problems.

本文采用了地理学与生态学相结合、定量分析与专家集成相结合、遥感图像解译和地理信息系统相结合的方法，对研究区的生态地理背景和已有研究工作进展情况给予了全面的分析和阐述；通过对区域水分条件（大气降水、土壤水分条件）、植被、土壤、土地利用／土地覆被状况等环境要素的时间与空间特征的对比分析，探讨了研究区内部生态地理特征的差异；在一定的原则指导下，通过建立指标体系，以可拓工程方法和模型为支撑，经过综合分析确定了研究区内半湿润、半干旱区界线划分方案；通过遥感图像解译、典型站点多年降水与温度的小波分析、土地沙漠化时空变化的对比分析等，说明了研究区域对全球变化的响应；表明了该区域所面临的主要环境问题。

In the part of empirical analysis of Chinese IPO first-day return, the difference between existing study and this study is that we use principal components analysis to extract from five factors to construct investors'sentiment index, add it to controled varibles, on which we examine the influence of offering mechanism on IPO first-day return. Moreover, we gather statistics and compare the IPO holding return for lockup period between fixed-price-class offering method and bookbuilding-class offering method, as well as price range between Chinese A-share market and Hongkong stock market, which prvide comprehensive evidence to appraise Chinese IPO bookbuilding mechanism. 2. Compare to the existing literatures which consider discount or allocation, incentive allocation and discount are considered at the same time in optimal mechanism design in this dissertation, and the offering bottom price is introduced to the price range. We investigate the relationship between price range and allocation quantity, and obtain the optimal price range and allocation strategy so that the advantages of independent allocation are reflected. On the other hand, the disadvantages of independent allocation are reflected in the manipulation in case of no restriction on IPO allocation. To distinguish from the existing literatures, bookbuilding mechanism is introduced to the model. We study the allocation strategy adopted by the underwriter in the pooling equilibrium of manipulation. In addition, we analyze the incentive compatibility conditions to which the existence of pooling equilibrium should satisfy and examine some factors'impact on the existence of manipulation.3. In bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, Chinese realistic IPO background is considered and the condition of bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering is added. Divide bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering into sequential hybrid and simultaneous hybrid, and point out that the key points of subscription strategy in the two kinds of hybrid are different. Through modeling and simulation we obtain the impact of institutional investors'subscription strategy on bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, which fill the gap in related research. Moreover, in the part of IPO bookbuilding with over-allotment option, the pricing strategy is divided into hot-IPO strategy and weak-IPO strategy. Take into account the procedure of Chinese IPO with over-allotment option, it presents how the underwriter determines the pricing strategy and what effect it brings to offering price and issue size through modeling and simulation. Therefore, it is instructive as a complement to existing literatures.

此外，对我国A股市场询价发行方式与固定价格发行方式下的IPO锁定期到期时持有收益率、以及我国A股市场与香港市场的询价发行价格区间进行了统计比较，为评价我国IPO市场的询价发行提供了比较全面的依据。2、相比已有文献仅考虑折价和分配中的一种激励措施，本论文在有自主配售权下的机制设计中并用了分配与折价两种激励措施，并且在价格区间的制定中引入发行底价，考察了价格区间与分配量之间的关系，得到最优的价格区间和分配策略，从中体现自主分配权的优点；在有自主分配权下的操纵行为研究中则体现了自主配售权的弊端，与已有文献不同的是，在模型中引入了累计投标询价机制，研究了承销商在混同均衡操纵中采取的分配策略，并对操纵存在的条件进行分析讨论，得出各个因素对混同均衡操纵存在的影响。3、在无自主分配权下的询价发行中，充分考虑了我国实际应用的背景，加入了与固定价格发售混合的条件，并将询价与固定价格混合发行分为序贯与同步两种方式，指出机构投资者在两种情况下申购策略的侧重点各有不同，通过对序贯混合发行方式下的网下累计投标策略以及同步混合发行方式下的资金分配策略的模型建立和数值仿真，考察了机构投资者申购策略对无自主分配权下的询价发行的影响，填补了相关研究文献的空白；在包含超额配售选择权的询价发行中，将发行定价策略分为热销策略和弱销策略，在考虑了我国含超额配售选择权的发行流程下，通过建模以及数值仿真得出承销商会对发行定价策略作出怎样的选取，进而会对新股发行价格、发售数量产生怎样的影响，对目前相关研究的缺乏做出了有益的补充。

Researches in this paper are based on a ship target recognition systems for sea surveillance radar.

本文以某型岸基对海警戒雷达目标识别系统的研制和开发为背景，针对雷达目标识别的具体情况，开发了利用贪心算法的特征选择软件模块，保证了特征选择的有效性。

Especially Deng Xiaoping's explanation of principle on relation between socialist society and religion, and document formed on basic opinion and policy of socialist society's religion issue according to Deng Xiaoping's thoughts, which further deepened the understanding of religion issue. All these set up a basic foundation of policy and theory for resolving the issue of socialist society's religion. Part Three: The time background, historical course, policy connotation and theory value of the judgment of actively guiding religion adapting to socialist society Putting forward this judgment has serious era background.

它是冷战结束后，宗教在世界政治和国际关系中的影响凸现，西方势力加紧利用宗教对中国进行渗透活动，国内改革开放和社会主义市场经济进一步发展，党和国家实施调动一切积极因素的总方针，宗教界人士和信教群众积极投身于社会主义市场经济建设，同时，宗教领域也出现了一些新情况、新问题，要求党和国家进一步制定和实施更加符合我国宗教国情的宗教工作的指导方针，使宗教更好地与社会主义社会相适应的时代背景下提出的。

The rules of tides in tideway in lack of hydrological data are studied against the background of the flood control operation in Buji River Basin.

以深圳市布吉河流域的防洪调度为背景，在各种水文资料严重不足的情况下，研究了感潮河段的潮汐一般规律，通过对布吉河口的水位进行潮水和洪水的分离，用一种分段线性拟合的方法，对洪水波产生的增水进行了定量的分析，并且提出了根据潮水预报和增水关系进行潮水补偿调度的具体计算方法和过程。

I know Linkin Park is not really metal, just pop music, but I think after Linkin Park, maybe more and more big international metal bands will be playing in China. I know Dying Art is more extreme music. I saw the Martydom and Ululate show last weekend in Shanghai. But I want to ask you some questions about metal in China so I can know about black metal and more extreme music because I think its more interesting.

除了极少数的成熟乐迷外，大多数年轻乐迷并没有真正了解到金属文化的全部，他们大多是凭借听觉本能，或者猎奇心理接触到了这种音乐，仅仅停留在冲动阶段，很多人并没有兴趣了解金属音乐本身的文化背景，我不认为这种情况在近期会有多大改变。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。