胆道

In conclusion, endoscopic metal biliary stent placement has a significant effect on hepatic haulm biliary carcinoma which is difficult for surgical resection, and the measure is simple and cost-effective, and has less complications, with safety and feasibility.

初步研究结果提示，胆道金属支架置入对难以手术切除的肝门部胆管恶性梗阻有较明显治疗效果，是一种操作简单、经济有效、并发症少的方法，具有安全性和可行性。

Objective To study the diagnostic Value of MR hydrography cholangio-pancreas tomography in the Biliary Lesion.

目的 评价MR水成像在胰胆道系统病变中的临床应用。

Methods MRCP were performed in 66 cases using a heavy T2 weighted MR hydrography technique, the images were post-processed by three dimensional maximum intensity projection and three dimensional surface shaded display Results The accuracy of MRCP for evaluating this disease was 100%, and for the cause of disease was 86.6%.

采用重T2加权MR水成像技术对66例患者行MRCP检查，图像经三维最大信号强度投影及三维表面遮蔽显示技术后处理。结果：水成像定位诊断率达100%，定位诊断率为86.6%，此技术可清楚显示胰胆管的形态，显示各种胆道疾病的异常改变，诊断正确性高。

Cholesterol gallstones formed in C57L mice and fatty livers developed in AKR mice. Conclusions Biliary cholesterol hypersecretion is the key pathophysiological defect of gallstone formation, lith genes have effects on biliary cholesterol hypersecretion and susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation in C57L mice. Lithogenic bile is formed at the canalicular membrane and precedes the development of cholesterol gallstones. It is most likely that cholesterol and bile acid hyposecretion make the AKR strain susceptible to the development of fatty livers and resistant to gallstone formation.

结论胆道胆固醇的高分泌是胆囊胆固醇结石形成的主要病理生理基础，结石基因决定了C57L鼠肝内胆汁中胆固醇的高分泌和胆囊胆固醇结石的易患性，成石胆汁形成在肝内胆管，先于胆囊结石的形成；肝内胆汁中胆固醇和胆酸的低分泌可能与AKR鼠脂肪肝的发生和胆囊结石的免患性有关。

Methods:78 cases were cured by type iMES-Ⅰ micro-blasting lithotrite meter, and 3 modes were used. Lithotripsy achievement ratio, energy output, bombard times and concurrent disease were compared among three groups.

使用iMES-Ⅰ型体内微爆破碎石仪治疗难取性胆道结石78例，分别采用3种不同的治疗模式，比较不同模式的碎石成功率、能量输出、轰击次数和并发症发生率。

Methods 30 cases of complicated urinary tract calculi were treated with combination of pneumatic lithotrity eholedoehofiberseope.

目的探讨气压弹道碎石配合纤维胆道镜在治疗肾复杂性结石手术中的临床疗效及应用价值。

The combination of pneumatic lithotrity and choledochofiberscope in treating complicated urinary tract calculi has little injury, not residual calculi, quick recovery, short hospital stay, and few complication.

结论在肾复杂性结石开放性手术中，通过肾盂切口，利用气压弹道碎石配合纤维软性胆道镜治疗，具有损伤小、结石无残留、恢复快、住院时间短及并发症少等优点，是一种安全高效的方法。

Results demonstrated that by deft use of its ultrasonic lithotripsy tools, automatic lavage-aspiration system and stone extractors made the maneuvre safe, swift and effective. If it is cooperated with fibro-choledochoscope the results would be further improved.

结果证实经皮胆囊镜由于配有超声碎石系统、自动冲吸系统，应用灵活的碎石取石器械，使肝胆管结石或残石的处理变得安全、快速、有效，配合多种纤维胆道镜治疗时更能明显提高其治疗效果，扩大治疗范围。

Therefore more attention should be paid to its prevention.The management of NABS mainly includes interventional therapy and surgery,among which interventional therapy is a important treatment.To the patients who failed interventional therapy and surgery, retransplantaiton is indicated.

NABS的治疗主要包括介入治疗和手术治疗，其中胆管介入治疗在NABS的临床处理中仍占重要地位，对于介入治疗、外科手术重建胆道等措施均无法控制其进行性发展的重度NABS病人，应把握好时机行再次肝移植。

Among them,9 patients had biliary strictures at the site of hepatic bile duct bifurcation,and 6 patients had intrahepatic biliary strictures,and 3 patients had multiple extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary strictures.Eighteen patients with NABS were managed with interventional therapy,endoscopic treatment,RouxenY anastomosis or retransplantation.

结果：共发生NABS 18例（3.5%），其中肝门部胆管狭窄9例，肝内胆管多发狭窄6例，肝内外胆管多发狭窄3例。18例病人采用给予反复的介入、内镜治疗、外科重建胆道及再次肝移植治疗。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。