胆管

The expression of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN was separatedly determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemical staining.

目的：为研究抑癌基因PTEN对胆管癌细胞生物学行为的影响，建立能稳定表达外源PTEN的胆管癌细胞系。

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sphincterotomy in obstructive disease of bile duct.

目的：评价内窥镜下逆行胰胆管造影对胆管梗阻性疾病的诊断以及内窥镜下乳头括约肌切开术治疗胆总管结石的价值。

Objective To investigate the phenotypic change and proliferation of fibroblasts in human inflammatory strictured bile duct wall.

目的 探讨炎性狭窄胆管壁中成纤维细胞表型改变及增殖在炎性胆管狭窄发生中的作用。

Methods We observed the density and ultrastructure of fibroblasts, and the histologic structure in human normal bile duct wall and inflammatory strictured bile duct wall by light and electron microscope.

对人正常胆管壁及炎性狭窄胆管壁组织学结构及其成纤维细胞的密度和超微结构进行观察。

Results The results showed that fibroblasts were the main source of extracellular matrix production in bile duct wall. The phenotype of fibroblasts in inflammatory strictured bile duct wall changed obviously, quiescent fibroblasts were activated and transformed to myofibroblasts, with massive proliferation.

结果 成纤维细胞是胆管壁中合成胶原的主要细胞；炎性狭窄胆管壁的纤维化增厚明显，其成纤维细胞表型改变，由相对静止转化为功能活跃状态，并进一步向肌成纤维细胞转化，且大量增殖。

Complete resection of lesions is the most effective way in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. The current hepatolithiasis treatment of liver resection has been the trend in hepatic segment or subsegment.

切除病灶是彻底治疗肝内胆管结石最有效的方法，目前肝内胆管结石肝切除治疗已趋向于肝段化和亚肝段化。

Methods Serum CEA and CA19-9 were detected by radio immunoassay in 38 patients of observation group with cholangiocarcinoma and carcinoma of ampulla before endoscopic retragrade cholangiopancreatography, took 5 ml bile to detecte CEA and CA 19-9 While ERCP, and took endoscopic biopsy for histopathological with the help of wise, recorded the feature of imaging. Bile CEA and CA19-9 were detected in 30 patients with unmalignant of contrast group in the same way.

观察组38例肝外胆管癌及壶腹癌患者在行ERCP检查前检测血清CEA及CA19-9，行ERCP检查时经造影导管抽取胆汁5ml用放免方法检测CEA及CA19-9，同时在导丝引导下自胆管咬取活检行病理检查，并记录影像学特征；同样，对照组30例非恶性病变患者在行ERCP检查时抽取5ml胆汁检测CEA及CA19-9。

Rat models were successfully established by twice operations. First, OJ was induced by common bile duct ligation and division. On the 7th day after the first operation, ED was performed by exteriorizing a drainage tube at the nape of the rat, while ID by implanting a drainage tube between the dilated end of CBD and duodenum.

采用成年雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠60只，随机分成梗阻性黄疸、胆汁内引流、胆汁外引流和假手术4组，每组15只，通过第一次开腹手术结扎并切断胆总管建立OJ模型，术后7天第二次手术，从膨大的胆管末端插入并固定引流管，经皮下固定于大鼠颈背部皮肤建立ED模型；ID模型通过在膨大的胆管末端和十二指肠间植入支架形成。

Results:Four cases occured in 24h postoperatively,3 cases among them for injury of bile duct outside liver,the other one for the ductus cysticus stump's clip exfoliation.8 cases occured after LC in 48 hours,because of leakage of cholangiole,injury of aberrant duct or heat injury of common bile duct.

结果：12例胆漏中4例在术后24h内发觉，其中3例为肝外胆道损伤，1例为胆囊管残端钛夹零落；8例在术后48h以后发觉，其原因为胆囊床毛细胆管渗漏、迷走胆管损伤和胆分管热损伤。

Result Reoperative reasons include unresected cysts canceraztion (3 cases);unresected cysts calculogenesis (4 cases);anastomotic stoma between gut and cyst or bile duct stenosis (6 cases);reflux cholangitis(1 case);recurrence cholecystitis (6 cases).

结果再次手术的原因是囊肿切除发生癌变3例；囊肿未切除形成结石4例；囊肿或胆管与肠道吻合口狭窄6例；返流性胆管炎1例；未切除胆囊及复发性胆囊炎6例。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。