胆碱能的

Furthermore, no additional anticholinesteraseor anticholinergic drugs would be needed for antagonism of residualneuromuscular blockade, which would mean the end of the cardiovascularand other side effects of these compounds.

而且不需要另胆碱酯酶制剂和胆碱能药来拮残余神经肌肉阻断作用，意味着不会产生由于使用这些药物而生产的心血管和其它的一些副作用。

RESULTSdiabetic rats showed typical symptoms involving elevated serum glucose and weight loss (2)The rats in DM+VaD group reacted slower and made more error numbers in Y-maze than the rats in VaD group did, with a prolonged total reacting time in a whole day.(3)More neurons with serious damages, such as edema, ischemia or pyknosis could be found in DM+VaD group than in VaD group. More disarrangement of cone neurons, obvious glia proliferation, and more neuron apoptosis were found in CA area of hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS (1)2-VO in STZ-induced diabetic rats succeeded in establishing VaD animal models.(2) The cognitive dysfunction induced by VaD rats had been deteriorated by diabetes mellitus.(3)Morphology evidences proved that diabetes mellitus aggravated brain damages induced by VaD.PART II Effect of diabetes mellitus on the cholinergic nervous systemin CA1 area of hippocampus of VaDOBJECTIVE To estimate the role of cholinergic nervous system in hippocampus during the process of cognitive dysfunction aggravated by diabetes mellitus in DM+VaD group. METHODS Observe the changes of ChAT protein by immunohistochemistry stain. Chose three rats randomly from each group at each pointat two week, four week, and eight week, then sepa

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BACKGROUND: The choline acetyltransferase is the key synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine, and is the important symbol of the functional activity of the cholinergic system.

背景：胆碱乙酰化转移酶是乙酰胆碱合成的关键酶，是胆碱能神经系统功能活动的重要标志。

Because nicotine is so similar to acetylcholine, and binds to cholinergic receptors, nicotine in excess produces the same overstimulation and toxicity.

绑定到烟碱性的胆碱能受体的尼古丁越多，随后乙酰胆碱就释放的越多，更加自由地激活其他部分的胆碱能受体。

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway via vagotomy, vagus nerve stimulation and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors during lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.

目的：通过刺激和切断迷走神经或运用抗胆碱酯酶药物研究胆碱能抗炎通路对肺缺血再灌注损伤的影响。

In this paper, cholinergic neurons was mapped in the two kinds of birds (Emberiza rutila and Fringilla montifringilla) by using immunohistochemical method.The soma size and cell density of cholinergic neurons in the three song control nuclei, the higher vocal center, the robust nucleus of the archistriatum and area X, were measured and compared. Here we discussed the distribution of cholinergic neurons and their effect on the process of song producing and song learning.

本文以中国北方地区常见的两种鸣禽栗鹀和燕雀为材料，应用免疫组化方法，对两种鸣禽发声控制核团，即上纹状体腹侧尾核或高级发声中枢、古纹状体粗核、X区内胆碱能神经元的胞体大小和胞体密度进行了观察测量，旨在探讨胆碱能神经元在发声控制核团内的分布情况及其在鸣啭产生和学习过程中的作用。

To clarify the effect of lidocaine oncholinergic synapse, we reconstructed a cultured soma–somachemical synapse model consisting of two identified visceraldorsal 4 (VD4) and left pedal e-1 (LPeD1) neurons from the snail, Lymnaea stagnalis , in vitro , and used it to determine how lidocaineaffects cholinergic synaptic transmission.

为了阐明利多卡因对胆碱能突触的影响，我们从椎实螺属 stagnalis 的蜗牛离体重建了含两种已被鉴定的内脏背4（ VD4）和左足 e-1（ LPeD1）神经元的培养体细胞-体细胞化学突触模型，来研究利多卡因如何影响胆碱能突触传递。

So GSL in combination with choline can synergically reduce the impairment of learning and memory of AD model rats and the mechanism may be involved in enhancing the function of central cholinergic system.

表明 GSL和胆碱合用有协同改善AD模型大鼠学习记忆障碍的作用，其机理与协同提高ChAT活性，增强中枢胆碱能神经功能有关。

Methods The shock model was established by ligaturing rats' carotid arteries of both sides for 30 minutes; the contents of malondialehyde and the activities of superoxid diomutases and AChE in the hippocampal formation were tested.

AChE是乙欧胆碱的水解酶，它在神经系统的作用一直被认为与胆碱能神经递质传递相关联。

Muscarinic M1 receptor has close relation to AD since the activation of M1 receptor can inhibit the formation of amyloid spot and improve the function of cholinergic system.

毒蕈胆碱M1受体和阿尔茨海默病有着密切的联系，其激活能有效的改善胆碱能系统活性和抑制脑内淀粉斑的形成，是治疗和减缓该病的有效途径。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。