胆碱

Methods: A brain concussion was produced in rats using a simple pendulum device model. One control (n=12) and six experimental groups were used(n=12 in each group). The cerebral concussion groups were assigned to sacrifice times ranging from 1 day to 24days after injury.A Morris Water Maze memory paradigm was used to assess learning and memory function. Pycnosis degeneration or necrosis neurons in the locus cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate fornix and brainstem reticular formation were observed and counted after brain concussion. Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and brainstem reticular formation were identified and quantitated using choline acetyltransferase.

应用自制单摆式闭合性机械打击装置建立脑震荡大鼠模型；成年SD大鼠随机分为1个对照组(n=12)和6个脑震荡组(即伤后1、2、4、8、16、24d，n=12)；应用Morris水迷宫(Morris Water Maze，MWM)实验评价大鼠的学习记忆功能；用光镜对大鼠的上述脑区的固缩变性坏死细胞进行观察和计数；用免疫组化方法检测基底前脑和脑干网状结构的胆碱乙酰转移酶(cholin acetyltransferase，ChAT)阳性细胞的表达。

Methods Retrobulbar infection was conducted on 562 eyes of 324 patients by a compound CDP-choline and inosine.

方法对324例526例眼视神经萎缩患者，用胞二磷胆碱、肌苷做球后注射。

To evaluate the effects of combined salt tolerant mechanisms, PEAMT gene from Salicornia herbacea was introduced into the transgenic tobacco containing CMO by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

实验中以农杆菌介导法向转CMO(盐角草胆碱单加氧酶编码基因)的烟草株系中转入盐角草磷酸乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶基因。

Creatininase could be induced by the reagents such as creatinine, creatine, sarcosine, choline chloride and urea. Mn(superscript 2+) Co(superscript 2+) could remarkably increased the productivity of creatininase.

诱导物肌酐、肌酸、肌氨酸、氯化胆碱和尿素可以诱导酶的产生，Mn(上标 2+)、Co(上标 2+)对酶的产生有促进作用。

The mechanism of the ameliorating effects of scopoletin was related to the increase on the NE and DA concentrations in cortex by selectively inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase.

而桑之成分 scopoletin 具改善scopolamine 诱导大鼠记忆障碍作用，其机转与降低大鼠脑内皮质区乙醯胆碱酯酶及单胺氧化酶活性，增加皮质区内 NE 及 DA 浓度有关。

Finally, scopoletin ameliorated the scopolamine induced memory impairment on water maze and elevated plus maze in rats. Scopoletin selectively inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase, and increased the NE and DA concentrations in cortex.

最后，scopoletin 於 0.03、0.1 mg/kg 剂量下，对 scopolamine 诱导大鼠在水迷宫以及十字迷宫学习操作障碍之现象均具有改善作用影响，此作用应与降低大鼠脑内皮质区乙醯胆碱酯酶及单胺氧化酶活性，增加皮质区内 NE 及 DA 浓度有关。

NGFP, in the membrane of somata and project fibers, binds to NGF produced in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, as tartget region of cholinergic neuron in BF.

我们以往的研究证实海马结构、大脑皮质内胆碱能传入纤维分布的减少是老年性记忆减退的一个重要原因。

Transported by axoplasmic flow into somata, NGF plays an important role in the development, preservation and survival of cholinergic neuron in BF.

药物损伤BF的胆碱能神经元，或切断穹窿海马伞使隔-海马的纤维投射破坏可导致海马θ节律消失和记忆能力减退。

Non-DAI group also showed decreased NAA/Cr at splenium and increased Cho/Cr at genu of corpus callosum compared with control group (P 0.01), but the change degree was less than DAI group.

与对照组相比，非弥漫性轴索损伤组出现胼胝体膝部胆碱复合物/肌酸和磷酸肌酸升高和压部N-乙酰天冬氨酸/肌酸和磷酸肌酸降低(P 0.01)，但变化程度比弥漫性轴索损伤组低。

In the previous observations we have found that neurokinins are involved in regulating excitotoxicity in the striatal and substantia nigra neurons.

进一步探讨神经激肽对基底前脑胆碱能神经元兴奋性毒性的调节作用，对于揭示AD的病理发生机制和探索其治疗策略，具有重要意义。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。