胆碱

Compatibility with the dried ginger volatile oil could restrain the enterokinesia in way of influencing cholinergic neuron function and the quantity of ICC.

各干姜挥发性成分理中配方主要通过影响胆碱能神经功能和空肠ICC数量来抑制肠的运动功能。

Homology modeling of 3-D structure of two AChE from L.entomophila were constructed using H.sapiens(1p0i:A) native BuChE structure and Drosophila melanogaster(1d×4:A) native AChE structure as templates,respectively,by SWISS-MODEL.The catalytic triad were found and denoted in the 3-D structure of AChE from L. entomophila referring to T.californica.2.2 Gene cloning ofβ-actin and mRNA expression levels of two AChE genes from L. entomophilaBecause no reference gene has ever been used in Real Time PCR for L.entomophila in GeneBank,a fragment ofβ-actin gene was cloned from L.entomophila(GenBank Accession No.: FJ041117).It consists of 822 bp encoding a protein of 273 amino acids residues.

利用蛋白质结构同源建模工具，分别以人丁酰胆碱酯酶(1p0i：A)和果蝇乙酰胆碱酯酶(1d×4：A)的蛋白晶体结构为模板，对嗜虫书虱2个AChE的三维结构进行同源建模，并在三维结构中发现了AChE的酶解活性位点，证明嗜虫书虱体内也存在2个AChE基因。2.2嗜虫书虱β-actin基因克隆及乙酰胆碱酯酶基因mRNA表达水平研究目前关于嗜虫书虱的分子生物学研究较少，在GenBank中没有可用作内参基因的序列，因此本研究从嗜虫书虱体内克隆获得β—actin基因片段(GenBank登录号：FJ041117)，该片段长度为822 bp，编码273个氨基酸残基，同源性比对分析表明该片段与其它昆虫的β—actin基因具有很高的同源性。

It's shown that GIF could not inhibit neuromata extendedly.

表明GIF并不具有广谱的抑制神经细胞瘤株的作用；GIF抑制PC12可能是针对它所具有的胆碱能神经元的某些特性，这一结果对于揭示GIF抑制神经元生长的机制探讨将有所裨益。

Insulin ; learning and memory ; nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ; glial fibrillary acidic protein

胰岛素；学习记忆；烟碱型胆碱能受体；胶质纤维酸性蛋白

Extracts of Ginkgo biloba had the protective effects on cholinergic neurons of the septal area in the rats following fimbrial transection.

银杏叶提取物对切割海马伞大鼠的隔区胆碱能神经元具有保护作用。

Objective: Studying the profective effects of extracts of Ginkgo biloba on the cholinergic neurons of septal area in the rats following fimbrial transection.

目的：研究银杏叶提取物对切割海马伞大鼠隔区胆碱能神经元的保护作用。

Methods 113 patients selected from ICU of three hospitals in Tangshan city from Feb 2007 to Dec 2008 were randomly divided into two groups: carbachol group (n=55) and mosapride citrate group (n=58). The pneumatosis and fluidify in gut, gastrointestinal dysfunction scores, total effective rate of clinical treatment were observed.

选取2007年2月至2008年12月唐山市3家三级医院ICU113例感染后胃肠功能障碍患者为研究对象，随机分为卡巴胆碱组(55例)和莫沙比利组(58例)，分别观察患者治疗前、治疗后24、48、72h及第7天肠管积气、积液情况，胃肠功能评分变化，临床总有效率。

(1)PAL is better entrapped by PAG with a T∶C ratio of 8∶30.(2)PAL immobilized by glutaric dialdehyde on Bio-Gel P-300 is better than by CDC.(3)The best one is the dehydration and redehydration method.(4)Immobilized and permeated PAL active yeast cells are resistant to trypsin digestion and retain its PAL activity.

(1)固定化酶活性采用T∶C比为8∶30明显高于8∶19；(2)以戊二醛将PAL固定于Bio-GelP300优于用DCD固定化的酶；(3)质脂体包被中以脱水再加水法对酶活性影响较少，脂类组成以磷脂酰胆碱：胆固醇：磷脂酰丝氨酸比值7∶2∶1最好；(4)固定化PAL活性酵母细胞能较好地抵抗人工肠液中胰蛋白酶的水解作用，亦能明显降低苯丙氨酸的浓度。

ER, NGF and ChAT immunoreactive productions were widely presented in diencephalons, mainly in nucleus habenula, nucleus corpus geniculatum lateral, nucleus medialis thalami, nucleus lateral thalami, nucleus paraventricularis, nucleus paratenialis, nucleus rhomboidens, grisea periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypoythalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, anterior region and posterior region hypothalami.

老年大鼠和去卵巢大鼠端脑大部分区域内ER、NGF和ChAT的表达活性及阳性细胞数目均显著下降，而补充17β－雌二醇后得到回升，并基本恢复到正常水平，表明雌激素通过ER对端脑内NGF和ChAT的表达有促进作用，这种作用可能部分地与雌激素对NGF的上调而作用于胆碱能神经元有关，也可能是雌激素通过ER直接调控了ChAT的表达，增强神经信息的传递。

The results show that the hyperthyroidism group has elevated levels of choline, glucose and declined levels of VLDL, LDL, cholesterol, lactate, glycoprotein and alanine in serum samples relative to the healthy group. In urine samples, the hyperthyroidism group show increased levels of glucose, citrate, taurine and creatinine as well as decreased levels of hippurate, trimethylamine-N-oxide, formate and succinate.

结果表明，甲亢组血清中的胆碱、葡萄糖和三甲胺等物质的含量升高，而VLDL，LDL和胆固醇等脂质以及乳酸、糖蛋白和丙氨酸等代谢物的含量下降；甲亢组尿液中的葡萄糖、柠檬酸、牛磺酸以及肌氨酸等代谢物的含量升高，而马尿酸、TMAO、甲酸和琥珀酸等代谢物的含量下降。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。