胆碱

AIM:To study the effects of citicoline in treating neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal side effect.

目的：探讨胞磷胆碱对药源性锥外系副作用的疗效。方法：75例病人分为2组。

The results of functional magnetic resonance: N-acetyl-aspartic acid, choline and creatine in left temporal lobe and anterior part of frontal lobe decreased more obviously and regional cerebral blood volume and regional cerebral blood flow in these areas decreased,while average pass time and peak time of the contrast medium in these areas slightly increased as compared with those in the conitralateral areas; fraction of anisotropy values and the tracked fasciculus in left corticospinal tract decreased, and the connecting fibers between Broca and Wernicke areas also decreased as compared with those in the contralateral area.

功能磁共振检查结果：左侧颞叶和额叶前部的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸、胆碱、肌酸均较对侧明显降低，左侧颞极及额前部的局部脑血容量、局部脑血流量较对侧降低，对比剂平均通过时间、达峰时间较对侧轻度延长；左侧皮质脊髓束部分各向异性值及追踪到的纤维束较对侧减少，Broca区与Wernicke区之间的联系纤维与对侧相比减少。

the increase of lhx8 mrna expression after fimbria fornix transected might be related to the regeneration mechanism of differentiation of neural stem cells into cholinergic neurons in hippocampus.

切割穹窿海马伞后海马中lhx8 mrna表达的增高可能与神经干细胞向胆碱能神经元分化的再生机制有关。

Chicken, beef, dried egg products, Peruvian fishmeal, cheese powder, brewer's yeast, P-Peptide, animal fats preserved with mixed tocopherols, soybean oil, fish oil, rice, flour, corn flour, prebiotics XOS, bio-calcium, bio-active enzymes, L-Carnitine, DL-methionine, food coloring, preservatives, antifungal agents, anti-oxidants, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, folic acid, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline chl oride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodate, sodium selenite.

鸡肉、牛肉、全蛋粉、秘鲁鱼粉、奶酪粉、啤酒酵母、 P-多肽、用混合生育酚保护的动物脂肪、大豆油、深海鱼油、优质稻米、面粉、玉米粉、益生元 XOS 、生物钙、生物活性酶、左旋肉碱、 DL-蛋氨酸、食用色素、防腐剂、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、维生素 A 、维生素 D3、维生素 E 、维生素 K3、维生素 B1、维生素 B2、维生素 B6、维生素 B12、维生素 C 、叶酸、烟酸、泛酸、生物素、氯化胆碱、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、碘酸钾、亚硒酸钠。

Chicken, beef, A-peptide, Peruvian fishmeal, animal fats preserved with mixed tocopherols, soybean oil, fish oil, rice, flour, corn flour, prebiotics XOS, dehydrated apples, calcium gluconate, chondroitin sulfate, taurine, food coloring, preservatives, antifungal agents, anti-oxidants, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin K3, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, folic acid, niacin, panthothenic acid, biotin, choline chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodate, sodium selenite.

鸡肉、牛肉、 A-多肽、秘鲁鱼粉、用混合生育酚保护的动物脂肪、大豆油、深海鱼油、优质稻米、面粉、玉米粉、益生元 XOS 、脱水苹果、葡萄糖酸钙、硫酸软骨素、牛磺酸、食用色素、防腐剂、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、维生素 A 、维生素 D3、维生素 E 、维生素 K3、维生素 B1、维生素 B2、维生素 B6、维生素 B12、维生素 C 、叶酸、烟酸、泛酸、生物素、氯化胆碱、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、碘酸钾、亚硒酸钠。

Chicken, beef, A-peptide, Peruvian fishmeal, animal fats preserved with mixed tocopherols, soybean oil, fish oil, rice, flour, corm flour, prebiotics XOS, dehydrated apples, calcium gluconate, taurine, food coloring, preservatives, antifungal agents, anti-oxidants, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3, Vitamin E, Vitamin K3, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, folic acid, niacin, panthothenic acid, biotin, choline chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, potassium iodate, sodium selenite.

鸡肉、牛肉、 A-多肽、秘鲁鱼粉、用混合生育酚保护的动物脂肪、大豆油、深海鱼油、优质稻米、面粉、玉米粉、益生元 XOS 、脱水苹果、葡萄糖酸钙、牛磺酸、食用色素、防腐剂、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、维生素 A 、维生素 D3、维生素 E 、维生素 K3、维生素 B1、维生素 B2、维生素 B6、维生素 B12、维生素 C 、叶酸、烟酸、泛酸、生物素、氯化胆碱、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、碘酸钾、亚硒酸钠。

By immunohistochemical staining and western blotting,the expression of acetylcholine esterase was observed in the in mouse footpad sweat gland.

TPM是如何引起在儿童的泌汗障碍的，是否与对胆碱能系统的作用有关系？实验以此着手展开研究。

The AD model rats were made by cutting unilaterally the fibria fornix of male rats.

有的学者想通过神经移植来恢复 AD患者胆碱能系统的功能。

In this reiew article, BIDMC geriatrician Edward Marcantonio, MD, examines a number of promising biomarkers for delirium, including serum chemistries, genetic markers, serum anticholinergic actiity, neurotransmitters, inflammatory markers and cortisol.

在这篇综述中，BIDMC老年病学家医学博士Edward Marcantonio总结了一些富有应用前景的谵妄的生物学标记，他们包括血清化学成分、遗传标记、血清抗胆碱能活性、神经递质、炎性标记物和氢化考的松。

Objective To investigate the effect of soybean phosphatidylcholine on the motor and cognitive function impaired by cerebral palsy of neonatal rats.The immunoreactivity of brain derived GhAT were pevformed by immunohistochemicel method in hippocampus formation.

目的 研究大豆磷脂酰胆碱对脑瘫幼鼠运动、认识功能的影响，应用免疫组化的方法观察乙酰胆碱转移酶在海马CA1区的表达变化，探讨PC对脑瘫鼠运动、认知功能障碍改善作用的机理。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。