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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of ERCP,and to improve the acute biliary ascariasis .

目的探讨经内镜逆行胆胰管造影的临床价值，以提高急诊胆道蛔虫病治疗水平。

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and management of biliary tract stone.

目的 总结胆道结石合并胆道感染的诊治经验。

Cases of caput pancreatis cancer were diagnosed by ultrasound examination, the rate of accuracy was 60%.

其中最常见的胆总管结石42例，胆总管癌9例，胰头癌5例，肝门胆管癌、胆囊癌、壶腹癌各1例。

Ultrasound,ERCP,MRCP,liver enzyme profile and reoperation confirmed the folowing: Extra-hepatic bile duct or the right hepatic duct was ligated in 9 cases,common bile duct residual stone in 6,partial gallbladder or gallbladder duct stone in 4,biliary leak in 4, cholangitic hepatitis in 4,hepatitis B or posthepatitis cirrhosis in 5,icterus after blood transfusion in 2,hemobilia in 2, ligation of right branch of hepatic artery in 2, and icterus of unknown causes in 5 cases.

经B超，ERCP，MRCP和肝酶谱及再手术等证实：肝外胆管或右肝管结扎9例，胆总管遗漏结石6例，残留胆囊或胆囊管结石4例，胆瘘4例，毛细胆管肝炎4例，乙肝或肝炎后肝硬化5例，输血后黄疸2例，胆道出血2例，肝右动脉结扎2例，不明原因黄疸5例。再手术18例，死亡1例。结论：详细的病史资料、充分的术前检查、细致的手术操作是预防胆囊切除术后黄疸的必要前提。

In neonates and infants, choledochal cysts are congenital, may be associated with distal biliary atresia and typically presents with cholestatic jaundice and acholic stools characteristic of biliary obstruction.

新生儿和婴儿期之胆道囊肿是先天性的且常合并远端的胆道闭锁，所以常以胆道阻塞的特徵如胆汁郁滞和灰白色大便为主要徵候。

RESULTS The water extractive and cos tunolide could inhibit intestine peristalsis of the mice; each team had an obvious cholagogic effect compared with control team and alcohol extractive was stronger than water extractive, costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone were very strong in cholagogic and could be regarded as the main cholagogic constituents.

结果 ig给木香水提物 1.4 g/kg，4.2 g/kg）和木香烃内酯（9 mg/kg，27 mg/kg）对小白鼠的肠蠕动具有抑制作用；熊去氧胆酸（100 mg/kg ）、木香水提物组（540 mg/kg）、木香醇提物组（480 mg/kg）、木香烃内酯组（100 mg/k g）、去氢木香内酯组（100 mg/kg）与对照组相比，各组均有明显的利胆作用，且醇提物要比水提物作用强，木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯利胆作用很强，可视为木香中的主要利胆成分。

Results the mean time of removed t-tube in patients with biliary leak were (28.7±7.3) days,the mean serum albumin level were (33.4±2.5)g/l,the mean hemoglobin level (116.5±17.3)g/l;while the mean time of removed t-tube in patients without biliary leak were (24.3±6.5)days,the mean serum albumin level were (37.9±1.7)g/l,the mean hemoglobin level (143.4±12.7)g/l.conclusion dystrophia is the reason of most biliary leak after removed t-tube.

结果 拔t管后胆漏病人的平均拔管时间为(28.7±7.3)天，血浆白蛋白(33.4±2.5)g/l，血红蛋白(116.5±17.3)g/l；无胆漏病人t管拔除的平均天数是(24.3±6.5)天，血浆白蛋白(37.9±1.7)g/l，血红蛋白(143.4±12.7)g/l。结论 t型引流管拔除后胆漏的主要原因是病人的营养状态差。

HPV infection can arouse the cleavage and proliferation of cholesteatoma epithelium and may play certain role in the occurrence and development of middle ear cholesteatoma. Aggressive, papillomatous growth and koilocytes can be served as the initial proof of HPV infection in cholesteatoma of the middle ear.

HPV感染可能激发中耳胆脂瘤上皮的分裂增殖，在中耳胆脂瘤发生发展中起一定的作用；侵蚀性乳头瘤样生长和空晕细胞改变可以作为中耳胆脂瘤组织中HPV感染的病理学证据。

At last, the effects of JA on the bile salt resistance of Bifidobacteria were studied.The test proved that:Deoxycholic acid Na-Salt had intensely toxical action on Blm and Bbm;Adding glucose and fructose in media could decrease the lexical action on Bbm.but inulinand JAP had not apparent effect.

初步研究了菊芋对双歧杆菌的胆盐耐受性的影响，实验表明，脱氧胆酸钠盐对Blm和Bbm有一定毒性作用；在培养基中补充一定量的葡萄糖和果糖可以改善Bbm的胆盐耐受性，而菊糖和菊芋粉对提高Blm和Bbm的胆盐耐受性没有明显作用。

MRCP has a high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of the bile duct and pancreatic ducts base on the data.

MRCP 在胰胆疾病的估价方面具有高敏感性和特异性，胆道病优于胰腺病，且无创伤性，可作为常规的胰胆疾病的诊断手段。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。