胆囊

Kinds of extrahepatic arteries were found. The most common extrahepatic artery was the right gastric artery (n=156,78.0%),followed by cystic artery (n=126,63.0％),accessory left gastric artery (n=19,9.5％),the hepatic falciform artery (n=5,2.5%),and accessory left inferior phrenic artery (n=4,2.0%).

肝外供血分支5种，最常见的是胃右动脉肝外供血分支156例（78.0%），其次是胆囊动脉126例（63.0％）、副胃左动脉19例（9.5％）、肝镰状动脉5例（2.5%）、副左膈动脉4例（2.0％）。

Materials and Methods: Campare gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery, carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery and operation on Cholecystectomy, colorectal resections, according to the study of operation time, expense in hospital, number of days, pathologic type, extension of radical cure, and analysis of the blood lymphocytes, immune function of erythrocyte, we could ascertain the application value of gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery.

材料与方法：对比研究非气腹手助腹腔镜手术、CO_2气腹腹腔镜手术及开腹手术，从早期的胆囊切除手术的临床应用过渡到结直肠癌根治手术，分别从手术时间、住院费用、住院天数、病理分型、根治范围等进行对比研究，然后从人体外周血淋巴细胞、红细胞等免疫功能方面作进一步分析，以确定非气腹手助腹腔镜手术在临床中的应用价值。

Results: Gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery had no obvious difference with laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on subjective sensation, hemodynamic changes, breathing function, cardiac muscle enzymologic changes.

结果：非气腹腹腔镜手术在患者主观反应、血液动力学变化、呼吸功能、心肌酶学变化等方面，与气腹腹腔镜手术比较在胆囊切除术中有明显的优越性。

Gasless laparoscopy was applied to reduce the incidence of complications due to pneumoperitoneum of conventional laparoscopy in a series of abdominal operation (n=53) including proctocolectomy, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, repair of perforated peptic ulcer, hepatic abscess drainage and closure of inguinal hernial ring.

为减少传统腹腔镜术气腹引起的并发症，采用非气腹腹腔镜术完成腹部手术53例，包括结直肠癌根治术、胆囊切除术、肝脓疡引流术、溃疡病穿孔修补术、阑尾切除术、腹股沟斜疝内环修补术。

Results Of all 41 cases 9 patients were biliary tract injury ,9 patients with biliary fistulas , 8 patients with bleeding after surgery , 4 patients with injury of gastrointestinal tract, 4 patients with calculus of bile duct, 4 patients with complicating gastroenteric tumor,3 patients with unexpected carcinoma of gallbladder .

结果 胆管损伤9例，胆漏9例，术后出血8例，胃肠道损伤4例，胆管结石4例，合并胃肠道肿瘤4例，意外胆囊癌3例，1例死于多器官功能障碍综合症，2例预后不良，其余愈合良好。

Methods Rabbit model was adopted with gallstone induced by high cholesterol diet. Dynamic study on the serum lipoprotein cholesterol, hepatic total cholesterol, bile cholesterol and glycocholate, and low density lipoprotein recepter activity of hepatocytes had been conductd for the test and control groups after 1,2,3 and 4 weeks respectively.

采用高胆固醇膳食诱发兔胆囊结石模型，对进食高胆固醇膳食后1，2，3，4周实验组和对照组血清脂蛋白胆固醇、肝脏总胆固醇、胆汁中胆固醇和甘氨胆酸，肝细胞低密度脂蛋白受体活性变化进行了动态研究。

As the results showed that the significant relation between TCBA and calcium or magnesium, mainly between glycocholic, glycochenocholic or taurocholic acids and calcium or magnesium, could be found in all three groups but there was not any obvious relation between TCBA and ferrum or zinc except between glycocholic acid and zinc in gallbladder stone group.

由此可见前列腺素在胆结石形成中占有重要地位。花生四烯酸是合成前列腺素的前体，它在环氧化酶作用下形成前列腺素。本研究证实在成石性胆囊胆汁中花生四烯酸的含量（0.09%）和阳性率（71.74%）明显高于对照组（0.02%，21.42%），P.05。说明成石性胆汁为合成前列腺素提供了前体物质。

The mean conˉcentrationsof the total bile acid in the gallbladders were respectively77.53±11.93,51.81±8.12and53.27±7.04in group DM,CH and DMCH,but it was79.28±18.28in group N.Combined bile acids（both glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid）were apparently lessened and the ratio of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid was rised in group DM,CH and DMCH,the concentrationsof cholesterol were respectively5.31±0.81,5.69±2.20and5.12±1.47,but0.86±0.20,in the group N;those of phospholipd were respectively0.35±0.16,0.52±0.18and1.38±0.34,but0.59±0.28,group N.

胆囊胆汁成分分析中，DM组、CH组和DMCH组总胆汁酸分别为77.53±11.93、51.81±8.12和53.27±7.04，N组为79.28±18.28；与N组比较结合胆汁酸减少，其中甘氨胆汁酸盐与牛磺胆汁酸盐均减少；鹅去氧胆酸减少，胆酸/鹅去氧胆酸比值升高；胆汁胆固醇分别为5.31±0.81、5.69.20和5.12±1.47，N组为0.86±0.20；磷脂分别为0.35±0.16、0.52±0.18和1.38±0.34。

Stones were seen in the gallbladder of12/12cases in either group DM and CH,and11/12in the group DMCH.The mean conˉcentrationsof the total bile acid in the gallbladders were respectively77.53±11.93,51.81±8.12and53.27±7.04in group DM,CH and DMCH,but it was79.28±18.28in group N.Combined bile acids（both glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid）were apparently lessened and the ratio of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid was rised in group DM,CH and DMCH,the concentrationsof cholesterol were respectively5.31±0.81,5.69±2.20and5.12±1.47,but0.86±0.20,in the group N;those of phospholipd were respectively0.35±0.16,0.52±0.18and1.38±0.34,but0.59±0.28,group N.

胆囊胆汁成分分析中，DM组、CH组和DMCH组总胆汁酸分别为77.53±11.93、51.81±8.12和53.27±7.04，N组为79.28±18.28；与N组比较结合胆汁酸减少，其中甘氨胆汁酸盐与牛磺胆汁酸盐均减少；鹅去氧胆酸减少，胆酸/鹅去氧胆酸比值升高；胆汁胆固醇分别为5.31±0.81、5.69.20和5.12±1.47，N组为0.86±0.20；磷脂分别为0.35±0.16、0.52±0.18和1.38±0.34。

Objective: To study the efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan creato graphy and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage in the diagnosis and therapy of bile leakage after cholecystectomy.

目的：探讨经内镜逆行胰胆管造影和经内镜鼻胆管引流在胆囊切除术后胆漏诊治中的应用价值。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了