胃食管的

Diabetes mellitus with evidence of autonomic dysfunction or gastric atony, documented hiatal hernia, a history of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux, pregnancy, significant obesity, acute abdomen, or current opioid use or abuse are examples of diseases or conditions that appear to increase the incidence of aspiration during induction or emergence from general anesthesia or during heavy sedation.

有明确证据的胃自律性差或胃无力，明确资料显示的食道裂孔疝，胃食管返流史，怀孕，肥胖症，急腹症或当前正在使用和滥用阿片类都能增加诱导时，全麻时和深度镇静时无锡的发生率。

The incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is high in Western nations. Its extra-esophageal manifestations such as asthma, paroxysmal laryngospasm, and excessive throat phlegm, chronic cough, laryngal disorders, postnasal drip and other lesser ear, nose and throat symptoms, have been recognized and reported.

胃食管返流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease， GERD)在西方国家发病率较高，而人们对其食管外临床表现（如哮喘、喉痉挛、顽固性咳嗽咳痰，以致鼻窦炎、咽炎等耳鼻喉科症状）也有相当的认识并有众多的临床报导。

Cough, laryngal disorders, postnasal drip and other lesser ear, nose and throat symptoms, have been recognizedand reported[1]. Thus GERD patients with complications of respiratory distress are considered an integral aspect ofthe syndrome in the Western world.

引言：胃食管返流病（gastroesophageal reflux disease， GERD）在西方国家发病率较高，而人们对其食管外临床表现（如哮喘、喉痉挛、顽固性咳嗽咳痰，以致鼻窦炎、咽炎等耳鼻喉科症状）也有相当的认识并有众多的临床报导[1]。

Methods:With gastric esophagus manometric catheter designed by ourselves, the gastric proximal end compliance and gastric proximal end sense threshold of 9 healthy volunteers and 31 RE patients were measured when gastric proximal end pressure increasing.

采用自行设计的胃食管一体式导管，在不断增加胃近端压力时，同步测量 9例健康志愿者和 31例 RE患者的胃近端顺应性和感觉功能。结果和结论：RE组胃近端感觉阈值显著低于正常组。 RE组及正常组的最小感觉阈值、较强感觉阈值、最大耐受阈值分别为：190± 12 3、316± 130(P 。0 5 )；2 5 0± 10 7、45 1± 95 (P 。0 1)；314± 92、480± 75 (P 。0 1)。

Objective: To investigate the changes of esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter length in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

目的：明确食管及其下括约肌长度在胃食管反流疾病中的变化及临床意义。

Esophagectomy is preferred for patients with adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus or gastroesophageal junction.

在食管远端或胃食管交界处的腺癌的病人主张食管切除术。

Operative design: After gastric anterior wall was exposed, any Crow's nerve was identified from antral surface nearby gastric angle. Along the Crow's nerve, Latarjet nerve was found, gastric branches of Latarjet were gradually severed, the dissection proceeds to up towards the diaphrageal fissula, and then, the right gastroepiploic neurovascular bundle was cut, the distal two-thirds of the greater curvature was mobilized by dividing the greater omentum, the posterior nerve of Latarjet may be seen and isolated in the same way.

手术设计：暴露胃前壁，自胃角附近的胃窦壁表面任意找到一支&鸦爪&支迷走神经，随以此支为标志向上找到分出该鸦爪的Latarjet氏神经干，顺该神经向上游离，分离中避开向右走行的肝支及胃小弯的主要血管，逐一切断走向胃壁的迷走神经分支，直游离到膈肌食管裂孔平面。

In the recent 20 years, the morbility of esophageal adenocarcinoma raised markedly in western countries. The reason of these histological changes was correlated with the increasing incidence of gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal Barrett metaplasia which was caused by the former.

近 20年来，西方国家食管腺癌的发病率明显上升，这种组织学变化的原因，可能与其患胃食管反流的发生率升高，以及由之产生的食管的 Barrett 化生有关。

Objective:To explore the anesthesia countermeasure of asthma attack among the stretta radiofrequency treatment under endoscope and laparoscopic nissen fundoplication for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

目的：总结胃食管反流病并发&哮喘&的患者在静脉麻醉下经食管射频治疗术和在全麻下腹腔镜胃底折叠手术中&哮喘&发作的应对措施。

Nicotine can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, a muscle between the esophagus and stomach, allowing the acidic contents of the stomach to splash back into the esophagus.

尼古丁可以放松下部食管括约肌即位于食管与胃之间的肌肉，使胃的酸性内容物反流到食道。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。