胁迫的

During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中，湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略，主要有：1生活史方面，植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害；2形态学方面，植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外；3解剖学方面，植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用；4生理生化方面，植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压，清除胞内活性氧分子；5分子水平方面，植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

Vaporariorum were generally 2~6℃lower than those in B. tabaci biotype B.

这与温室白粉虱低温耐受性强于B型烟粉虱，而B型烟粉虱有脚温室白粉虱耐高温胁迫的生态学现象相一致。

Cucumber cultivars as materials, physiological response of cucumber seedling root to different water stress was studied.

以津优1号和春四黄瓜为试验材料，研究了黄瓜幼苗根系对不同程度水分胁迫的生理生化反应。

When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called a stress situation.

当人们都密封起来，他们是在什么叫做胁迫的情况。

The cloning, sequencing, homological blasting and Northern blotting results of 5 desiccation-induced cDNAs and 3 phosphate induced cDNAs implied that signal transduction induced by desiccation, regulatory gene cascades and functional genes such as G protein, protein kinase, VP3and MAD3-like genes might be involved in dehydration in the resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica.

对其中5个脱水特异诱导表达的cDNA（包括可能与复苏能力有关的cDNA）和3个磷酸盐处理诱导表达的cDNA进行克隆测序、同源性探测和Northern杂交检测表明，牛耳草脱水过程中诱导表达的基因可能涉及到脱水胁迫的信号转导、调节基因的级联作用（VP3，MAD3样基因等）、结构基因产物调节细胞结构在脱水胁迫中的稳定性等。

Pereme , separately are 209%,295%,285%; the increasing of accumulating amount separately are 209%,295%,285%; The use of silicon has a tread to rise dry weight of Bermudagrass ,Agrostis Lolium. Pereme ; Under the drought condition , the use of silicon suppressed the reducing of the relative water content of leaf in turfgrass , delaying the time of wither , stress for the 11th day in the drought .compared with water normally and not using silicon ,after use silicon, the RWC of Bermudagrass , Agrostis Lolium. Pereme only separately depressed 14%,16%,32%; Under the drought condition ,the use of silicon can increased the content of proline of Bermudagrass ,Agrostis Lolium. Pereme, stress for the 11th day in the drought and using silicon , compared with water normally and ueing silicon, the content of Pro separately increased 203%,199%,473%;The using of silicon depressing the ET of Bermudagrass and Lolium. Pereme.Under water normally condition, separately depressed 21%,8% at eleven days ;Under drought condition , separately depressed 17%,5%.

施硅增加了草坪草狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草的含硅量，分别为209％、295％、285％；积累量分别提高了240％、364％、355％；施硅对草坪草狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草的干物质积累有促进趋势；在干旱的条件下，施硅抑制了草坪草的叶相对含水量的降低，延迟了叶片萎焉的时间，在干旱胁华中农业大学2001级时一艳丽硕士学位论文迫第n天，与正CK相比，施硅后狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草分别只降低了 14%；16%，32%。；施硅增加了狗牙根、剪股颖、黑麦草在干旱条件下脯氨酸的含量，增强了渗透调节能力，在干旱施硅的条件下，与正51相比，在干旱胁迫第11天，狗牙根、剪股颖和黑麦草脯氨酸的含量分别增加了2叨%、199%、473%；施硅减少了狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量在正常浇水的条件下，与正CK相比，第11天狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量分别降低了21%、吕%；在干旱的条件下，与干CK相比，在干旱胁迫的第11天，狗牙根和黑麦草的蒸散量分别降低了17%、5%。

The city green turf grasses are under seriously stress for the shading of tall buildings, trees and shrubs, and lead to the recession of turf grass, so the author studied for this problem; Taking three cold-season sods as test material, including Festuca rubra Pernille、Poa pratensis Kentucky and Agrostis Regent. Effects of different concentrations of uniconazole (S3307) on shade-tolerance of three turf grasses under shading situation were studied by testing long-term growth and physiological characteristics of them.; After treated with S3307, the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased, plant height decreased, leaves width and thickness increased. All of these indicated that S3307 can evidently improve shade-tolerance of three turf grasses with different shade-tolerance, the optimal concentration of uniconazole is 100~200 mg/L; The results are very useful and meaningful for improving quality of turfgrasses under shading situation.

高大建筑物、乔木及灌木遮荫会使用于城市绿化的草坪草受到严重胁迫，造成草坪草衰退，针对这一难题进行了研究；以耐荫性不同的冷季型草坪草匍匐紫羊茅派尼、草地早熟禾肯塔基、匍匐翦股颖摄政王为试验材料，研究了不同浓度的外源激素稀效唑(Uniconazole， S3307)处理对3种遮荫草坪草生理及生长变化的长期调控作用；经稀效唑处理，3种草坪草叶片叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量增高，植株株高变低，叶片变宽、变厚，不同耐荫性草坪草的耐荫能力均得到显著提高，最适的处理浓度范围100~200mg/L；这在生产实际中有重要应用价值，特别对提高受遮荫胁迫的草坪质量具有重要意义。

And proved that there is CBF gene expression-regulated pathway and transcriptional cascade leading to the expression of cold-responsive genes under cold stress in Capsella bursa-pastoris, which Cbice53 activate the expression of Cbcbf and Cbcbf activate transcription of Cbcor15b and the CbLos2 had a indirect and important regulatory function in controlling cold-responsive genes expression under low temperature like the same pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.

证明了在荠菜中存在Cbice53激活Cbcbf的转录，Cbcbf激活Cbcor15b的转录，同时CbLos2对Cbcor15b的转录有间接的正向调控作用的抗冷胁迫基因表达级联机制，即存在与拟南芥相类似的抗冷胁迫的CBF基因表达调控途径。

The results showed that: 1 under the hydroponic culture established in this research, the experimental wheat plants grew well andperformed the typical architecture responses when exposed in Pi deprivation. Hemi-qantitative RT-PCR revealed that the transcriptional level of known P response gene changed dramatically; 2 In general the length of wheat root axis and the root/ shoot ratio arose when the Pi supply was deprived, however, the change models differed among different wheat genotypes. The investigation on their molecular basis would offer the useful clue for seeking high phosphorus efficiency protoplasma and gene resources of wheat.

结果表明：1在研究建立的小麦水培体系中，小麦植株生长正常并对磷饥饿胁迫条件做出发育形态建成水平的反应；半定量RT-PCR分析显示在此体系中小麦磷响应基因也在转录水平上产生显著变化；2在水培条件下不同基因型小麦对磷饥饿胁迫的反应总体上表现在根轴长度和根冠比有所提高，但不同基因型小麦的反应特点有差异；对这些反应特征的分子机理的深入分析可为有效筛选磷高效小麦新种质以及发掘磷高效基因资源提供线索。

According to the article, the violence is unlegal strength towards the victim, it can be used directly or indirectly, the coercion is spiritual compellion based on killing or injury at that position which would be put into practice, and it would be visible or tangible.

本文研究了抢劫罪的基本构成要件行为，并认为，暴力手段是指对人不法行使有形力或物理力的一切情况，可以直接、也可间接行使，不要求达到压制对方反抗的程度；而胁迫手段是指以当场可以实现的人身伤害或造成其他物质损失为内容的精神强制，应当达到压制对方反抗的程度，同时，胁迫的表现方式可以是有形的，也可以是无形的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。