胁迫的

The effects of endophyte infection on the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, as well as on MDA contents in Lolium perenne under drought stress and osmotic stress were studied.

比较了两种不同的水分胁迫方式(田间干旱胁迫和温室渗透胁迫)下，内生真菌感染对黑麦草叶内SOD、POD和CAT活性以及MDA含量变化的影响。

Davidii seedlings. Two-month-old seedlings were grown under water supply regimes of 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% water-holding capacity, respectively, in an open-sided greenhouse.

结果显示，胁迫处理96d后，100% WHC条件下白刺花幼苗的总叶面积、分枝数、基径及最大根长等均最大；80% WHC对幼苗产生了轻度胁迫，随着干旱胁迫强度的进一步增加，幼苗生长显著减小。

The contents of Chla and Car were sensitive to low temperature stress, it seems that they were vulnerable to low temperature stress and partly decomposed. Relatively, the content of Chlb changed little. The ratio of Chla/b had positive linear correlation with temperature, which meant the photosynthetic ability of podocarpus fleuryi Hickel seedlings declined under winter low temperature stress.

叶片中叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量对低温胁迫反应较为敏感，容易遭受低温胁迫而部分地分解破坏，含量下降，而叶绿素b则相对变化较小，Chla／b值呈现与温度的线性正相关，显示了长叶竹柏幼苗在冬季低温胁迫下光合能力的下降情况。

First of all,we tested the germination and water uptake rate of 47 species typical xerophil seeds grow up in north China from 20 families,38 genuses under sufficient water and different Grads water stress by high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol(PEG6000).The results show that Xerophil seeds from the same habitat exhibited similar patterns in response to water stress.Xerophil seeds from arid community were stronger in germination and imbibition than that from other two communities under serious water stress,whereas Xerophil seeds from humid community were sensitive to any degree of water stress.Namely,the seeds live in arid habitat possessed high germination and quickly water uptake in sufficient water or any degree of water stress,but the others grow up in humid habitat shown significant difference which germination and water uptake well under sufficient water but inhibited even if slight water stress.

首先，我们通过对20个科，38属，47种旱生植物种子在水分充足和不同梯度的干旱处理(聚乙二醇PEG6000)条件下的萌发率及吸水率实验发现，当水分胁迫强烈时，分布于干旱沙漠地区的植物种子其吸水率和萌发率都高于半干旱和湿润地区的植物群落，相反，湿润地区植物种子的吸水率和萌发率对任何的水分胁迫都表现出敏感的响应趋势，也就是说，生境恶劣的植物种子在较强的干旱胁迫下，仍然保持了较高较快的萌发率及吸水率，水分充足与水分缺乏时无显著差异，而生境相对较好的植物种子在水分充足情况下萌发与吸水良好，但在干旱胁迫时则受到明显抑制，水分充足与水分缺乏时差异显著。

The accumulated contributions of main effect QTLs for AC and PC were 35.34%, 37.33% under normal conditions and 53.40%, 58.10% under water stress condition, and the accumulated contribution of digenic epistasis for AC and PC were 66.74%, 57.49% under normal conditions and 48.65%, 36.59% under water stress conditions, respectively.

主效QTL对直链淀粉和蛋白质含量的联合贡献率在非胁迫条件下为35.34%和37.33%，在胁迫条件下分别为53.40%和58.10%；互作位点对直链淀粉和蛋白质含量的联合贡献率在正常水分条件下分别为66.74%和57.49%，在胁迫条件下分别为48.65%和36.59%。

After treatment with 0.5mmol/L SA hydroponic solution at 30/22℃ for 1d some damaging changes in ultrastructures of banana leaves were observed, indicated by appearance of many crevices in cell walls, swelling of granal and stromatic thylakoid membranes, and disappearance of many starch granules in chloroplasts.

这表明，SA的抗寒作用不是直接的，而是间接的，SA可能是一种胁迫：高浓度的SA可能是一种严重胁迫，造成了胁迫伤害；而适当浓度的SA可能是一种胁迫锻炼，增强了抗寒性。

Recent researches show that halophytes, compared with glycophytes, might have evolved additional structural or regulatory differences that account for their ability to stand severe salt stress.

影响农作物生长和产量的最主要因素是环境胁迫，其中又以盐胁迫和干旱胁迫最为严重。解决这一问题最直接、最有效的途径是利用基因工程手段、培育耐盐作物品种。

In control, however,the weak expression ofCY3 mRNA can be found after 48 hours of chilling and showed little increase at the third day instress.

非逆境条件下，IPT对秧苗根系中mRNA的表达差异与对照相比没有很大的变化；低温胁迫3天后，IPT对根系中mRNA的表达影响很大，既能增强某些基因的表达，又能抑制另一些基因的表达；用DDRT-PCR技术，寻找到5个低温胁迫下在对照和IPT处理中差异表达的基因，其中CY3片段与水稻CDPK1和CDPK2的mRNA有很高的同源性，初步断定CY3在植株的抗逆反应中可能具有与CDPKs相似的功能；在Genbank中没有检索到与其它4个片段同源性比较高的已知序列；IPT处理中CY3表达量在低温处理24hr就有明显升高，以后随胁迫时间的延长其表达量不断加强；恢复常温后，CY3表达继续增加，在恢复第14天开始下降，下降速度缓慢，IPT对CY3的影响一直延续到苗末期，对照中CY3在低温胁迫48hr才有微弱表达，72hr后表达量并未增加许多；恢复常温后第4天就开始下降，很快降到最低。

The response may change the fate of the turions in the second year,and affect the maintenance of the populations.

在野外池塘中，利用3种不同营养状况的底质研究底质营养盐对菹草生长及养分分配的影响，结果表明：沉水植物菹草面对底质营养盐的胁迫出现了急性的生理生化反应，在生长初期叶片总的可溶性糖含量在肥沃的底质上高于贫营养底质上；根、茎、叶和石芽各构件都具有异速生长现象，并且表现规律不一样；菹草的根冠比随底质营养盐的不同而变化；随着营养条件对菹草生长胁迫加重，根、冠的异速生长愈明显，同时石芽的N∶P和C∶N比率显著受底质营养盐的影响，而菹草叶片和茎N∶P和C∶N比率不受底质肥力的影响，这些响应将改变石芽第2年的命运和影响种群的维持；在胁迫生境下，菹草首先分配资源到无性繁殖体--石芽上以便维持种群的延续，以回避策略应对底质营养盐胁迫。

In grain-filling stage, the qP values of evolutionary wheats decreased under water stress, while Shan253 and Changwu134 hadn't decreased, indicated that the effect of water stress on the re-oxidation in Q-A of modern wheat was slight, while before this stage, the electron transport from PSⅡto QA restrained by water stress was main factor of photosynthesis non-stomata limitation to modern wheat; The qNP values of hexaploid were higher than diploid and tetraploid wheat, indicated that the ability of using light energy

随小麦由二倍体向四倍体、六倍体及现代小麦进化，表观电子传递速率有增大趋势，其受水分胁迫影响的程度在花前期有加剧趋势，花前期栽培一粒、栽培二粒、普通小麦、陕253和长武134这五种小麦在水分胁迫下表观量子产额的降幅分别为5%、7.47%、14.29%、33.3%和53.49%，光饱和Pn的降幅分别为8.8%、26.14%、23.25%、44.22%和51.29%，光饱和点整体上也是下降的，且这三个指标的降幅随进化程度提高有增大趋势，表明小麦在进化过程中能量转换系统受水分胁迫影响的程度加剧；而在水分胁迫下，小麦的羧化效率和RuBP再生速率也均下降，下降的程

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。