肿瘤的

That PI and the percentage of the cells in s-phase of the borderline/malignant and heteroploid/aneuploid tumors were higher ted to higher mortality and relapse rate as well as the corresponding risk. Because of the changable characters and dissociative phenomenon of the tumor, the measurement of PI and the percentage of cells in s-phase may be disturbed in few of diploid tumor and in part of double DNA stem ones. Therefore other paramet- ers should be added to analyse before making any conclu- sion.

交界性和恶性、异倍体或非整倍体肿瘤的PI和S期细胞百分率较高，病死加复发率和相对危险性增加；由于肿瘤的异质性和"分离现象"，对于少数2倍体肿瘤和部分双DNA干系肿瘤PI和S期细胞百分率的测定易受干扰，故应结合其它参数综合分析。

Giant cell tumor of bone is a kind of common bone tumor,which has characteristics of high recurrence rate and invasion.recently,tumor vessel angiogenesis has been the warm spot of research.genesis,development and metabasis of solid tumor have close relationship with tumor vessel angiogenesis; extracellular matrix degradation is the key point for tumorous infiltration and metabasis;the significant biology characteristic of tumor cell is the disorder of tumor cell differentiation and apoptosis.the correlated research has very important significance for judging gct prognosis and guiding therapy.

骨巨细胞瘤（giant cell tumor of bone，gct）是一种常见骨肿瘤，由于其高复发率和强侵袭性，备受临床骨科工作者的关注。骨巨细胞瘤血管生成是近年来研究热点，实体瘤的发生、发展及转移与肿瘤的血管生成密切相关；细胞外基质降解在肿瘤的浸润和转移中起到关键作用；肿瘤细胞的分化凋亡障碍与无限增殖能力是肿瘤细胞的重要生物学特征。骨巨细胞瘤生物大分子研究的不断深化对判断gct的预后及指导治疗有重要意义。

Recently the traditional cancer therapies were realized to be lack of selectiveness and efficiency,as a result the targeted anti-cancer therapies have been studied as a new way.In this review gene therapy of cancer which is selective and oncolytic virus and the problems lie in which were introduced.

肿瘤是类严重危害人类健康的疾病，然而传统的治疗手段因缺乏靶向性，不能达到良好的抗肿瘤效果，因而靶向性抗肿瘤疗法成攻克肿瘤的新的发展方向本文对肿瘤的靶向性基因治疗和溶癌病毒的研究进展及其存在的问题做一阐述。

The mRNA expression of MMP-2 in more than 4 lymphnodes positive is lower than in lymphnode 1-3 positive （P＜0.05）.The MMP-2 mRNA expression is irrelated with tissue grade,pathologic type,ER,PR and Her-2.Conclusion MMP-2 mRNA expression is upregulated in early clinical stage,lymph node metastatic early stage,and down regulated with tumor progressing.MMP-2 mRNA expression is related with the metastasis of breast cancer.

MMP-2 mRNA转录水平的表达与乳腺癌转移有关，MMP-2在转录水平的表达在肿瘤较小时上调，随着肿瘤的增其转录水平表达下调，随着肿瘤恶性程度的增加，其转录水平的表达量在下降，在肿瘤发生的早期表达上调，随着肿瘤的进展表达量下调。

The best quality of MRS is that the MRS is the only noninvasive and in vivo means in detecting the changes in metabolism state and special biochemical compounds in living animal and human body, and that make it possible for us to observe the physiological and biochemical characteristic of brain neoplasma ,and the development of neoplasma.

脑肿瘤是较为常见的肿瘤，其发病率占全身肿瘤的1.8％，其中以脑胶质瘤为最多，占43.7％，脑肿瘤的诊断及治疗一直是临床及基础研究的难点及热点，为了更好的了解胶质瘤的生物学特征，寻找有效的治疗方法，人们一直在寻求建立稳定安全的脑动物模型，大鼠C6胶质瘤具有与人脑胶质瘤相似的生物学特征，且模型较为稳定，被广泛用于肿瘤生物学及实验性治疗的研究中。

RESULTS:All the vascular endothelial cells of tumors were positive for Nestin. The percentage of Nestin positive cells was 9.5%-96.2% in the neuroepithelial tumors. The positive expression rate and staining intensity of Nestin+ cells were positively correlated with the tumor pathological grades.

结果： Nestin在肿瘤内皮细胞中均有阳性染色，而在神经上皮肿瘤细胞中阳性染色比例为9.5%～96.2%，且Nestin+细胞比例及染色强度与肿瘤的恶性程度正相关。

Although FDG-PET is an excellent tool in the management of oncologic patients, it is not without problems and potential pitfalls.

在多种肿瘤的诊断中发挥作用，但有些肿瘤用FDG进行诊断不能得到明确结论，有的肿瘤甚至不能用FDG进行诊断。

Since a tumor typically has bumpy ("spiculated") surfaces that may be trying to branch out and spread, the surgeon will try to ensure that when the tumor is removed, no bits of the bumps or spikes of the tumor are left in the breast tissue, which could cause a recurrence of cancer.

由于肿瘤通常有坎坷（&spiculated&）表面可能试图另辟蹊径蔓延，外科医生将努力确保在肿瘤被删除，在颠簸或肿瘤的峰值没有位在左乳房组织，它可能导致癌症复发。

Results:(1) The 90Y activity was higher while the contumination of 90Sr was less than 0.0031%;(2) The efficiency of 90Y-labeled antibodies was over 90%,the activity of labeled antibody maintained 82.3%;(3) Tumor size of all 90Y-antibody-treated model was significantly less than that of all 90Y-Cl3-treated model, the average survival time of the mice of the 90Y-antibody-treated group was significantly longer than that of the 90Y-Cl3-treated group;(4) In the tissue sections extensive necrosis was observed in all 90Y-antibody-treated tumor, the living tumor cells were immunohistochemically stainable with PcNA.

结果：(1)EDTA淋洗法制备90Y纯度高，其相对含量可达99.997％；(2)单克隆抗体的90Y标记率达90％以上，抗体蛋白活性保持82.3％；(3)治疗结果表明治疗组肿瘤明显小于对照组，原肿瘤的指数生长规律遭到破坏，治疗组生存期明显长于对照组；(4)组织学切片显示治疗组肿瘤有广泛坏死，PcNA免疫组化显示治疗组肿瘤细胞增殖受到明显抑制。

The rationals of anti-angiogenesis are the following: the therapeutic target is tumor endothelial cells which are more genetically stable, more homogeneous, and with lower mutation rate; the anti-angiogenesis drugs can contact endothelial cells directly, with higher potency and lower drug barriers and side effects; the aim of anti-angiogenesis therapy is to block the oxygen and nutrition supply from vessels, instead of killing tumor r ells per se; the aim of anti-angiogenesis is to reduce tumor size instead of eradicate tumor which are different from traditional chemotherapy.

使用抗血管新生疗法根据的理论基础为以肿瘤血管的内皮细胞为治疗药物的攻击标的；肿瘤血管的内皮细胞基因比较稳定、同质性高、而且突变率低；投与的药物可以直接接触内皮细胞，减少投与药物屏障，因此增加有效投与药物的能力及减少药物副作用；以截断供应肿瘤氧气养分的血管为目标：以减小肿瘤的体积大小为目的，与传统化学疗法以根除肿瘤的目标不同。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。