肿瘤样的

Abstract］ objective to study the pathological features and histopathological type and differential diagnosis of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia.methods the clinicopathological characteristics of 40 cases of fnh were studied.all were evaluted by use of paraffin embedded sections and he staining before light microcope observation.results there were 28 females and 12 males fnh patients whose age were from 16 to 62 years（median 41.3）,all alpha-fetoprotein was negative and had no hepatitis history.25 cases were classic type showed characteristic central stellate fibrotic scar,composed of fibrous connestive tissue and tortuous blood vessels.8 cases were telangiectic type,the left were mixed type and adenomatoid type.conclusion fnh is a reactive proliferation of hepatic cells to local blood vessel anomalies,it is not realy a tumor.its differential diagnosis includes hepatic adenomatous hyperplasia nodule,hepatic anaplasia nodular hyperplasia,fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma.

目的 探讨肝局灶性结节性增生的病理形态特点、组织分型及鉴别诊断。方法分析40例肝局灶性结节性增生的临床资料，并采用石蜡包埋he染色光镜下观察其组织学特点。结果 40例肝局灶性结节性增生患者中，女28例，男12例，年龄18~62岁，平均年龄41.3岁，所有病例术前均无肝炎病史，甲胎蛋白阴性，组织学上25例为经典型，有特征性的中央纤维瘢痕，由纤维结缔组织及扭曲血管组成。8例为毛细血管扩张型，其余为混合型及腺瘤样增生型。结论肝结节性增生是一种肝细胞对局部血管的异常反应性增生，并非真性肿瘤，主要与肝腺瘤样增生性结节、肝间变性结节状增生、肝纤维板层癌及肝细胞腺瘤鉴别。

Carney triad, as originally described in 1977, was the association of 3 tumors: gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma , extra-adrenal paraganglioma, and pulmonary chondroma.

Carney三联征，最早描述于1977年，由3种肿瘤组成：胃的上皮样平滑肌肉瘤。

Soy-isoflavone is the active component of the most medical treatment value in the soybean biological actives, which has estrogen function, including anti-tumor, antioxygen, heart-blood vessel protection, improving bone rarefaction and relieve the indisposition symptom of female climacteric state. so, it has the high value of studying and developing.

大豆异黄酮是大豆生物活性物中最有医疗价值的活性成分，具有雌激素样作用，包括抗肿瘤、抗氧化、心血管保护和改善骨质疏松等作用，能够缓解和减轻女性更年期不适症状，因此其极具研究开发价值。

Methods The clinical and histopathologic symptoms of two patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder were macrohematuria and vesical irritability. Cystoscopy showed the carcinoma was solid tumor with necrotic tissue on the surface. Sarcomatoid carcinoma was mainly composed of transitional epithelial cancer cells and malignant mesenchymal cells (spindle cells and polymorphic cells), with a transitional region of interlacement of these cells. Immunohistochemical testing showed the cells were positive for cytokeratin, c arcinoembryonic antigen and smooth muscle actin.

分析2例膀胱肉瘤样癌患者的临床资料并结合文献进行讨论。2例患者均有肉眼血尿或伴有膀胱刺激症，膀胱镜检查为实体瘤，表面有坏死组织；病理表现，肿瘤主要由移行上皮癌细胞和恶性间叶细胞组成，之间可见移行过渡；免疫组化CK、CEA、SMA。

The rates of LNM in adenocarcinoma, mucoid carcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma were

隆起型肿瘤的淋巴结转移率为30.9％，溃疡型为39.7％，浸润型为42.1％，胶样型为42.9％。

It most often presents in soft tissue and internal organs and is known to be occasionally multicentric or metastatic.

上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种少见的中恶性度血管肿瘤，常发生在软组织及内脏，也可能多处发生或转移。

The tumor was trans-sonic with internal septation.

此肿瘤为超音波可通过性且内含许多不规则的中隔样回音。

Studies also indicated that genistein exsists not only in soybeans but also in many kinds of plants such as vegetables and fruits.As a potential anticancer agent, the actional mechanisms of genistein mainly includes as follows:First, genistein can depress the activity of protein tyrosine kinase and transduction pathways for the phosphorylation of receptors and mitosis signal. So genistein can lead to cells' proliferation depressed. Second, genistein has minimal effects of phytoestrogens. It can be combined with estrogen receptor and improve the synthesis of cellular sex hormone binding glulobin, and improve the activity of UDP-glucuronyl transferase. Through these pathways, it can inhibit the cell activity of breast cancer and prostate cancer.

作为一个很有潜力的抗肿瘤物质，三羟异黄酮的作用机制主要包括：①抑制蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性，可阻抑PTK引起的受体磷酸化和有丝分裂的信号传递，导致癌细胞增殖受抑；②弱雌激素作用：可通过与体内雌激素受体结合，并可增加细胞内性激素结合球蛋白的合成，增加UDP-葡糖醛酸转移酶的活性等途径抑制乳腺癌和前列腺癌细胞活性；③拓扑酶Ⅰ和Ⅱ抑制剂，抑制细胞活性；④上调细胞周期性负性调节因子P21WAF1/CIP1的表达，使之负性调节因子作用增强；⑤可阻止胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、肝细胞生长因子和神经生长因子的作用而抑制肿瘤生长；⑥其他：抗氧化作用、抑制热休克蛋白、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制新生血管生成和抑制多种耐药相关蛋白等。

Thirty-seven of 38 patients with follow-up are alive without disease and 1 is alive with disease (median 59 mo follow-up duration, range: 8 to 108 mo). Six cases showed myxoid liposarcoma with spindled growth (spindle cell myxoid liposarcoma); these arose in 5 females and 1 male (median age 14 y) and involved the thigh in 40% of cases.

随访的38例都存活，其中37例无再发，1例伴病（随访中位时间为59个月，范围：8至108个月）。6例黏液样脂肪肉瘤的瘤细胞生长方式为梭形（梭形细胞黏液样脂肪肉瘤），患者为5名女性、1名男性（中位年龄14岁），40%病例的肿瘤发生于大腿。

Right kidney totally substituted by a solid tumor of 80 x 60 x 50 mm, with round and well defined borders, the cut surface was yellow-grey, firm, rubbery and trabeculated, a smooth-walled cyst of 1,5 cm was present in the mid portion of the tumor.

右肾完全被一实质性肿瘤所取代，大小呈 80 x 60 x 50 mm，圆形，边界清晰，切面呈灰黄色，质硬橡胶样，肿瘤的中间部分有一存在小梁的囊壁平滑的1.5cm的囊肿。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。