肿瘤样的

The general rule I learned from my cytopathology fellowship is that if a thyroid neoplasm looks not perfect for papillary carcinoma, follicular neoplasm, or Hurthle cell neoplasm, think about medullary carcinoma.

我从细胞同行那学习的经验是这样的，如果一个甲状腺肿瘤不完全象乳头癌，不完全象滤泡性肿瘤，也不完全象嗜酸细胞性肿瘤，这个时候，可能就是髓样癌。

Curvilinear calcification suggests an aneurysm but is a less specific finding because it can also occur in craniopharyngiomas and sphenoidal masses. The intense enhancement of the residual lumen is relatively specific, but differentiation from other masses may be difficult on CT scans depending on the timing and degree of vascular enhancement. The MR imaging features are usually diagnostic, although they can be very subtle [2]. Significant signal heterogeneity is seen with T1 hyperintense signal due to subacute thrombus or flow related enhancement. Areas of T2 hypointensity can be seen due to intracellular deoxy or methemoglobin, calcification, or flow void.

线样钙化提示动脉瘤，但不是一个非常特异的征像，因为这也可以见于颅咽管瘤和蝶骨肿瘤，管腔样明显强化更特异些，但是在CT上与其他肿瘤鉴别可能是困难的，因为这取决与增强的时间与血管强化的程度，MR的特征性表现是更具有诊断意义的，即使有时候可能表现的非常细微，在T1上可以看到明显的不同信号成分，这是由于亚急性的血栓或流动相关增强效应，T2序列上可以看到低信号区域，这是由于细胞内脱氧或高铁血红蛋白，钙化，或流空效应。

With these age referenced ranges, a physician in the specialty can also titrate the dose of human growth hormone to reach it optimal level in the patient ( that of a 20 year old healthy Chinese ).

从而我们可以判定这个被检查的病人是健康（胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ的水平处于正常范围）、不健康（胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ的水平低于其年龄所对应的参考范围），还是可能有肿瘤或疾病（胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ的水平值高于其年龄所对应的正常范围最大值）。

Results Incidence of AFP-positive gastric carcinoma was 6.2%(87/1395). Sixty-three cases of AFP-positive gastric carcinoma were divided into four subtype: hepatoid type 22 cases (34.9％), fetal gastrointestinal type 15 cases (23.8%), and mixed type of the hepatoid type with enteroblastic differentiation to be 24 cases(38.1%), and yolk sac tumor-like type 2 cases (3.2％).

结果：AFP阳性胃癌的发生率为6.2％（87/1395例）。63例中依据其病理组织形态学特点和肿瘤组织内癌细胞AFP染色阳性表达，并对比3个月妊娠胚胎胃肠组织学的改变，将其组织学类型分为4个亚型：肝样型22例（34.9％），胎儿胃肠型15例（23.8％）和肝样型伴肠胚分化的混合型24例（38.1％）以及卵黄囊瘤样型2例（3.2％）。

We evaluated 350 tumors: 136 ES, including 64 conventional ES, 64 proximal-type ES, and 8 with hybrid features of conventional and proximal-type ES; 54 metastatic carcinomas (22 from lung, 6 breast, 6 stomach, 5 colorectum, 5 kidney, 5 prostate, 5 pancreas); 12 metastatic testicular embryonal carcinomas; 20 metastatic melanomas; 20 epithelioid mesotheliomas; 20 epithelioid angiosarcomas; 10 epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas; 24 epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors; 22 myoepithelial carcinomas of soft tissue; 7 anaplastic large cell lymphomas; 5 histiocytic sarcomas; and 10 control MRT of infancy (4 brain, 3 liver, 2 soft tissue, 1 kidney).

我们总共研究了350例肿瘤：136例ES，其中包括64例寻常型ES、64例近端型ES和8例混有前两型特征的混合型ES；54例转移癌（22例来自肺、6例来自乳腺、6例来自胃、5例来自结直肠、5例来着肾、5例来着前列腺、5例来着胰腺）；12例转移性睾丸胚胎性癌；20例转移性黑色素瘤；20例上皮样间皮瘤；20例上皮样血管肉瘤；10例上皮样血管内皮瘤；24例上皮样恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤；22例软组织的肌上皮癌；7例间变性大细胞淋巴瘤；5例组织细胞肉瘤；10例作为对照的婴幼儿MRT（4例位于脑、3例位于肝、2例位于软组织、1例位于肾）。

Microscopically,tumors were composed of benign small and cuboidual epithelial cells and with scant cytoplasm.Immunohistochemially,with WT1, CD57,CK7,AE1,CD56 can help diagnosing metanephric adenoma.

结果：巨检肿瘤境界清楚；镜下该肿瘤由大小一致的肿瘤细胞排列成密集小管状、腺样结构，细胞无明显异型；文献报告WT1，CD57，CK7，AE1，CD56等抗体有助于鉴别诊断；后肾腺瘤预后较好。

Accumulated studies have found that the tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages in tumor tissues such as ovarian cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma overexpress B7-H4 molecules.

越来越多的研究发现，在肿瘤组织如卵巢癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、肾癌和腺样囊性癌等的肿瘤细胞以及肿瘤相关巨噬细胞中异常高表达B7-H4分子。

Mature teratomas of benign tumors, and said, skin samples cyst is one of the most common ovarian tumor, ovarian tumors by 10%— 20%, germ cell tumors of 85%— 97%, 95% teratomas.

成熟畸胎瘤属良性肿瘤，又称皮样囊肿，是最常见的卵巢肿瘤，占卵巢肿瘤10%～20%，占生殖细胞肿瘤85%～97%，占畸胎瘤95%以上。

7Bone shell or shell-liked calcification in the rim of soft-tissue masses: arc-liked high density lied in the rim of soft-tissue masses , concave surface face to the bone leisions.

CT检查显示软组织肿胀0度2例，I度19例，11度16例，111度17例。6例软组织内出现脓肿样囊腔。1例显示软组织内气体。1例显示脂液平面。1例显示窦道。5例显示软组织肿块。8例示软组织内难以定性的钙质样高密度影。54例CT检查均未见软组织肿块边缘残留骨壳或壳样钙化和软组织肿块内肿瘤骨或瘤软骨钙化。

Methods Fifteen cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of Lacrimal Gland were studied clinically.

在眼部 ，泪腺腺样囊性癌亦较少，只占[1]眼肿瘤的 18%和眼上皮肿瘤的 2 5%，占泪腺肿瘤12 5% [2 ] 。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。