肾间的

Results The tinnitus frequency, severity of subjective tinnitus, audiogram types and some items of function test above hearing threshold were significantly different in the five groups (P.05). Specific features of pure-tone test were found in the five groups: tinnitus frequency was low, whole- frequency hearing threshold high, audiogram even, short increment sensitivity index at 1 kHz high and tone decline at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of invasion of wind-heat; tinnitus frequency was high, high-frequency hearing loss common, audiogram abruptly descending, SISI and TD at 4 kHz high in the syndrome of liver-fire up-stirring; subjective tinnitus was loud, audiogram abruptly descending or gradually descending, SISI and 7W at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of stagnation of phlegm-fire; tinnitus frequency was high, subjective tinnitus low, audiogram markedly descending or hill-like, SISI and TD at 4 kHz high in the syndrome of kidney-essence deficiency; average hearing loss was less, audiogram irregular but abruptly descending or notched in most cases, SISI at 4 kHz low in the syndrome of weakness of spleen-stomach.

结果］耳鸣频率、自觉耳鸣程度、听力图类型及部分阈上功能测试指标在各证型间具有显著性差异(P.05)，这些指标在不同的证型中表现出不同的特点：风热侵袭型的耳鸣频率较低，全频听阈升高，听力图多为平坦型，短增量敏感指数得分在1kHz较高，而4kHz音衰值较低；肝火上扰型的耳鸣频率较高，听力损失以高频为主，听力图多为陡降型，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较高；痰火郁结型的自觉耳鸣响度较大，听力图以陡降型或缓降型为主，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较低；肾精亏损型的耳鸣频率较高，而自觉耳鸣响度较低，听力图以显降型或山型为主，4kHz SISI得分及TD值均较高；脾胃虚弱型的平均听力损失较小，听力图无一定规律性，但以陡降型或切迹型为主，4kHz SISI得分较低。

In order to investigate the role of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression were evaluated from both protein and gene level by in vivo and in vitro study, We have conducted (1) immunocytochemical analysis and in situ hybridization to examine the alteration in expression of ICAM-1 and it's relationship with interstitial infiltrating cells and TNFα; A total of 64 renal biopsies were classified in three groups according to the degree of cellular proliferation and infiltration in glomerulus;(2) indirect immunofluoresence and immunoblotting. methods to detect the VCAM-1 level both in renal tissue and in serum from the patients of lupus nephritis (17cases) and crescentic nephritis (4 cases);(3) Cell ELISA and northern blot technique to study the effects of TNFα and IL-1β on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 surface expression and gene expression by cultured human mesangial cells .

为了探讨ICAM-1和VCAM-1在肾小球疾病中的作用，本文从蛋白质和基因两个水平，整体（研究ICAM-1时根据肾小球内细胞增生和浸润程度，将64例病人分为A.B.C三组）和细胞培养两个方面，做了如下工作，（1）利用免疫细胞化学和原位杂交技术观察了ICAM-1在64例肾小球疾病患者中的表达及其与间质浸润细胞、TNFα之间的关系；（2）利用间接免疫荧光和膜免疫印迹方法检测了VCAM-1在17例狼疮肾炎和4例新月体肾炎病人肾组织及血清中的表达；（3）利用细胞ELISA和Northern杂交技术研究了IL-1β或TNFα对体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞ICAM-1和／或VCAM-1表面表达及mRNA表达的调节作用。

Results CsA clearly decreased creatinine clearance and increased urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase in rats as compared with those in the vehicle group. Morphologic changes consisted of vacuolization of tubular cell, expansion of the interstitium and interstitial fibrosis, hyalinization of afferent arterioles. Severity of the injury was related to the dosage of CsA. Striped interstitial fibrosis and arteriolopathy were more severe in the rats treated with CsA and low-salt diet than with CsA and normal diet.

结果 用CsA的大鼠出现尿量增多、内生肌酐清除率下降、尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶排泄增多等；病理上表现为不同程度的细胞浊肿、空泡变性及灶性分布的间质纤维化和小动脉病变，随CsA剂量的增加，病变呈加重趋势；结合低钠饮食，CsA慢性肾毒性病变明显加重。

Suis was found in all identifiable crypt areas; SS2 also appeard in marginal zone and periarterial lymphoid sheath of spleen, hepatic sinusoid of liver, interstitium of lung; presence of SS2 was at the cortex where histopathological lesions and expression of inflammatory mediators were observed.

实验表明，SS2主要定殖于扁桃体的隐窝附近；在脾的边缘区和动脉周围淋巴鞘附近、淋巴结的生发中心和皮质内、肝血窦、肺间质和肾小体中均可见菌体状荧光颗粒；在脑组织中发生脑膜炎的区域，如皮层等可检出细菌。

objective to investigate the existence of the erythropoiesis inhibitors.methods the present study included twelve undialyzed esrd patients with anemia.the sera from the uremic patients were added to cfu-e and bfu-e culture in the concentrations ranging from 1.25% to 5%.in vitro cfu-e and bfu-e growth in the presence of sera from esrd patients was compared with in the presence normal human subjects with the use of normal mice bone marrows.results the effects of the sera from uremic patients on cfu-e and bfu-e colony growth in concentrations ranging from 1.25% to 5% were investigated to be dose-dependent.the effect increased with the concentrations increasing of the sera（p＜0.05）.there were not significant inhibitory effect on the cfu-e and bfu-e growth of mice bone marrow in vitro from sera of the normal subjects.conclusion the erythropoiesis inhibitors exist in uremic sera which has a dose-dependent inhibitive effects on the growth cfu-e and bfu-e of normal mice bone marrow cells.

选择12例尿毒症肾性贫血未透析患者为试验组，另选正常健康体检者12例为正常对照组，将实验组、正常对照组血清分别稀释成不同终浓度，采用甲基纤维素细胞培养的方法对小鼠骨髓细胞进行培养，对比不同浓度血清组红系集落形成单位、红系爆式形成单位的集落数。结果在实验组中，与血清浓度为0的浓度组相比，与各浓度组血清共同培养的小鼠骨髓cfu-e和bfu-e的集落数均明显减少，且随血清浓度的增加，小鼠骨髓cfu-e和bfu-e的集落数逐渐减少，各浓度组间差异有显著性（p＜0.05）。结论尿毒症患者血清抑制小鼠骨髓红系祖细胞集落形成，随患者血清浓度的增加，抑制作用增强，具有剂量依赖性。

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。