肾穿刺术

Results:1 case with complicated pyonephrosis was treated with puncture and canalization;Two-stage operations of mini-PCNL was treated 1 week later.20 cases underwent one-stage PCNL,and were treated with single-access PCNL.The total stone clearance rate in one-stage PCNL was 95.2%;residual stones were seen in 5 case(23.8%),Only 1 case had obviously bleeding in or after operation.The mean time of operation was 2 hours,average hospitalization was 12 days.All were followed for 3-12 minths,1 case had recurrent stones.

结果：21例患者中，并发肾积脓1例，先行经皮肾穿刺造瘘术，1周后行二期mini-PCNL，其余20例均行一期穿刺取石，均为单通道穿刺取石，一期结石清除率95.2%；其中术后5例有残余结石，残余结石发生率为23.8%；术中术后有明显出血1例；手术平均时间2小时；平均住院时间12天；随访3～12个月，1例结石复发。

Methods: Selective renal artery embolization was performed in 68 patients via femoral artery with Seldinger technique, 30 cases were embolized with gelatin sponge chips before operation for renal carcinoma, and 8 cases were embolized with MMC and iodized oil, and gelatin sponge for palliative treatment of advanced renal carcinoma, 6 cases were embolized with thread segments for symptomatic renal angiomyolipoma, 24 cases were embolized with self blood coagulum, gelatin sponge and/or steel coils for traumatic renal hemorrhage.

采用改良Seldinger技术经皮股动脉穿刺插管，对68例进行选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗，其中30例为肾癌术前辅助治疗，应用明胶海绵颗粒栓塞；8例为晚期肾癌姑息性治疗，采用丝裂霉素＋碘油的乳剂行末梢栓塞，然后用明胶海绵行肾动脉主干栓塞；6例症状性肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤，采用真丝线段栓塞；24例肾创伤出血，采用自身血块、明胶海绵或弹簧钢圈栓塞。

Methods The clinical data of 42 cases were analysised by retrospective study.15 cases were put double pigtail stents via cystoscope and 3 cases via percutaneous nephrostomy,22 cases were performed one step's percutaneous nephrostomy and 2 cases pyelostomy. Results The patients were followed - up for 3 - 26 months .

回顾性分析42例恶性肿瘤并发输尿管梗阻的临床资料。15例患者成功逆行放置双猪尾导管，22例首选一步法经皮肾穿刺造瘘术，3例实施肾造瘘加顺行双猪尾导管置入术，2例行开发性肾盂造瘘术。

Results Irritative symptoms (78%) and gross hematuria (36%) were the most common symptoms encountered in these patients.

结果尿路刺激症状和血尿为最常见症状，分别为78％和36％。24小时尿抗酸杆菌和尿结核PCR的阳性率分别为25％和40％，IVU，逆行尿路造影及CT的诊断符合率分别为38％，63％和44％。33例患者接受了肾及部分输尿管切除术，肾上盏结核病灶清除术1例，对侧输尿管膀胱吻合术1例及肾穿刺造瘘术1例。1例患者并发血行播散型结核死亡。

Results Irritative symptoms (78%) and gross hematuria (36%) were the most common symptoms encountered in these patients.Acid-fast stains on urinary sediment were positive in 25% of cases and TB-PCR was positive in 40%.The diagnostic accuracy of IVU,retrograde urography and CT in these patients were 38%,63% and 44% respectively.33 patients underwent a nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy,one of them had a contralateral ureter reimplantation.One patients died of miliary tuberculosis. Conclusions Acid-fast stain remains a major pathogen-detecting tool and the value of TB-PCR needs to be confirmed.

结果 尿路刺激症状和血尿为最常见症状，分别为78%和36％。24小时尿抗酸杆菌和尿结核 PCR 的阳性率分别为25％和40％， IVU ，逆行尿路造影及 CT 的诊断符合率分别为38%，63%和44%。33例患者接受了肾及部分输尿管切除术，肾上盏结核病灶清除术1例，对侧输尿管膀胱吻合术1例及肾穿刺造瘘术1例。1例患者并发血行播散型结核死亡。

objective to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of recurrent renal branched calculi.

目的 探讨微创经皮肾穿刺取石术治疗肾复发性铸型结石的临床效果。

The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

ESWL isn't applicable for the patient with kidney casting mold-stone.The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

Materials and Methods 247 cases treated with percutaneous nephrostomy guided by Ultrosound and C-arm mobile fluroscopy were retrospectively investigated from January 2007 to April 2008 and the causes of complications and suitable treatments were analyzed.

材料与方法回顾性总结2007年1月至2008年4月，采用超声联合C臂血管机透视导向，对247例肾积水患者行经皮肾穿刺造瘘术，部分病例术中置入双J管，分析相关并发症的发病情况及其防治措施。

The complicated ureter stone-streets were cured by trascutaˉneous nephrocentesis and nephrostomy through ureterocystoscope,haemostatic and antibiotic.The12patients hadn't variation of nephrofunction and recurrence of stone for following3-24months.

经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石，止血，抗炎等治疗后，排尽石头，随访3 月～2年未见肾功能改变和结石复发。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。