肾盏

Antegrade percutaneous access was obtained by X-ray perspective or B-type ultrasound guidance. A combination pneumatic and ultrasonic lithotrity was used to disintegrate and remove stone under direct vision.

患侧输尿管于膀胱镜下逆行留置5F输尿管导管，推注生理盐水以充盈肾盂。X射线透视或B超引导下穿刺目标肾盏，建立皮肾通道，肾镜下采用气压弹道联合超声碎石术。

Results:Main imaging features of APK were as follows:On abdominal plain films showed the lobalate renal enlargement in 46 cases,calcification of polycystic wall in 14 cases,renal calcium milk in 5 cases,60 cases were showed separation,deform and longthend of renal pelvis on intravenous urography and retrograde urography,5 cases were showed renal enlargement on retroperitoneal pneumography,on CT scans in 25 cases showed mulltiply cysts with thin wall,unecho liquid shadows were showed on B-mode ultrasound.

结果：成人多囊肾的主要影像学征象：腹部平片(46例)显示肾影呈分叶状增大；囊壁钙化(14例)；多囊肾合并肾钙乳(5例)；肾盂造影(60例)，表现为肾盂、肾盏相互分离、变形、拉长；腹膜后充气造影(5例)：表现为肾影增大肾影与邻近器官之间的关系，其界限清晰可辨；CT扫描(25例)：表现为肾内多数大小不等的薄壁圆形低密度区；B型超声(47例)表现为肾内多个类圆形无回声的液性暗区。

Results Right kidneys tended to resemble Brdel's type more closely (19/23), left kidneys tended to resemble Hodson's type (12/23) and Brdel's type (11/23), position of mid calices was various.

结果 右肾以Brdel型(19/23)为主，左肾Brdel型(12/23)与Hodson型(11/23)均常见，中组肾盏的形态具有多样性。

Results The main imaging of adult polycystic kidney disease signs: abdominal plain film (45 cases) showed renal shadow was lobulated increase; cystic wall calcification (14 cases); polycystic kidney disease and renal milk of calcium (8 cases); pelvis angiography (61 cases), the performance of the renal pelvis, renal calices separated, distorted, elongated; retroperitoneal inflatable angiography (6 cases): Performance increases of renal kidney shadow Shadow and the relationship between the neighboring organs, its boundaries clear and identified; CT scan (30 cases): the performance of the majority of the size of the renal low-density areas, ranging from thin-walled circular; B-mode ultrasonography (47 cases) showed a circular echo-free renal multiple classes of liquid dark area .

结果 成人多囊肾的主要影像学征象：腹部平片(45 例)显示肾影呈分叶状增大；囊壁钙化(14例)；多囊肾合并肾钙乳(8例)；肾盂造影(61例)，表现为肾盂、肾盏相互分离、变形、拉长；腹膜后充气造影(6例)：表现为肾影增大肾影与邻近器官之间的关系，其界限清晰可辨；CT扫描(30例)：表现为肾内多数大小不等的薄壁圆形低密度区；B型超声(47例)表现为肾内多个类圆形无回声的液性暗区。结论影像学检查有助于提高多囊肾的诊断的准确性。

Result The contour of bilateral kidney,renal pelvis and calices and ureters were showed clearly with digital laminography.19 cases showed normal.55 cases showed renal or ureteral calculus,ureterohydronephrosis.16 cases were chronic pyelonephritis,renal atrophy or renal tum...

结果运用数字化成像体层摄影能较好显示双肾轮廓，肾盂、肾盏及双侧输尿管，不单能较好显示肾结石、输尿管结石，对慢性肾盂肾炎、肾萎缩等肾内科肾病显示清楚，19例显影正常，肾结石及输尿管结石，肾积液及输尿管积液共55例，慢性肾盂肾炎、反流性肾病所致的肾瘢痕、肾萎缩、肾肿瘤等内科肾病16例。

The diffusive XGPN shows cystic-solid multi-occupying with the whole kidney involved and kidney renal pelvis and calices enlarged. The lesions were extensive with unclear border which made the perirenal space dim renal fasciae thicken and with the abscess formation of psoas and abdominal wall. The localized XGPN shows mass in the renal parenchyma with low density clear border after enhancement and rim enhancement.

弥漫型累及全肾，肾影增大，肾盂肾盏扩大积液，肾实质幕粥发囊实性占位，病变分界不清，向肾外扩展，肾周间隙模糊，肾筋膜增厚并累及腰大肌，腹壁脓肿形成；局灶型表现为肾实质内局限性占位，病灶区呈略低密度灶，增强后边界清晰，病灶内见环形强化，而略低密度灶者强化较明显，但仍低于肾实质。

In this case, a large " staghorn " calculus (so named because the prominent projections of the stone into the calyces resemble deer antlers) was present that filled up the pelvis and calyceal system.

在这个病例中，有一个大的鹿角状的结石（如此命名是因为结石突入到肾盏内与鹿角很相似）填满了肾盂肾盏。

Note the pelvis and calyces.

显示了肾实质和肾盏，肾皮髓质界限清楚。

Retrograde injection of dilute indigo carmine through the previously placed ureteric catheter precisely identifies any calyceal entry, and helps to confirm a watertight pelvicalyceal suture repair.

通过先前置入的输尿管导管逆行注射稀释的靛胭脂红仔细辨别任何与肾盏的相通，并有助于证实避免缝合修补肾盂肾盏的漏尿。

Retrograde injection of dilute indigo carmine through the preiously placed ureteric catheter precisely identifies any calyceal entry, and helps to confirm a watertight pelicalyceal suture repair.

通过先前置入的输尿管导管逆行注射稀释的靛胭脂红仔细辨别任何与肾盏的相通，并有助于证实避免缝合修补肾盂肾盏的漏尿。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失