肾小球

BMP-7 expression was lower markly in Lung-kidney Qi Deficiency 、Liver-kidney yin Deficiency、 Qi-yin asthenia、Speen –kidney Yang Deficiency than normal control. BMP-7 expression decreased with Lung-kidney Qi Deficiency 、Liver-kidney yin Deficiency、 Qi-yin asthenia、Speen –kidney Yang Deficiency.It shows that the level of BMP-7 expression may play a role in Zheng differentiation-classification of TCM of the chronic glomerulonephritis.

中医证型与肾间质纤维化程度显著相关，肺肾气虚、肝肾阴虚型纤维化程度最轻，气阴两虚型其次，脾肾阳虚型纤维化程度最重，提示传统中医辩证分型与纤维化程度有关，在一定程度上可以反映慢性肾小球肾炎组织学损伤程度，肾间质纤维化程度可作为中医临床辨证参考依据。

Spindled zones blended imperceptibly into areas showing epithelial differentiation, in the form of glomeruloid glandular structures, sertoli-like tubules, and small glands, lined by cuboidal to columnar cells.

梭形细胞区与上皮样分化区互相掺杂，立方状或柱状瘤细胞排列成肾小球样腺管结构、支持细胞样小管结构和小腺管结构。

This disease has a various light microscopic and electron microscopic structure manifestation with IgA depositing on the mesangial and subendothelial region of renal glomeruli.

该病光镜和超微结构表现多样，免疫病理主要表现为IgA在肾小球系膜区和内皮下的沉积。

Local production of reactive oxygen species after subepithelial immune complex deposition leads to the formation of lipid peroxidation adducts, which ultimately alter the composition of the glomerular basement membrane.

上皮下免疫复合物沉积后生成的活性氧簇局部产物导致脂质过氧化物生成的内收，并最终使肾小球基底膜的组成发生改变。

Compared with those of control group immunohistochemical positive staining for MMP-2 decreased notably in glomeruli at week 4 but without obvious changes in tubuli of diabetic kidney.

TIMP-2和CTGF在对照组的肾小球及间质中仅有少量的表达，而糖尿病组从4周至12周二者表达逐渐增强。

VEGF level is increased continuously in the diabetic kidney of rat. The increased expression of VEGF is mainly located in the glomeruli at the early and middle stages, and is in the tubuli at the middle and late stages. VEGF expression in the diabetic kidney of rat is related to the development of renal changes.

VEGF在糖尿病大鼠肾脏中持续高表达，早中期以肾小球表达上调为主，中后期突出表达在肾小管，其表达变化与糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变发生发展相关。

In this study, we found that the positive immunostaining for αSMA was increased in group DN from week 4 onward, mainly located in dilated tubuli, which was more evident at week 8. The double staining for CTGF and p27kip1 showed that the increased positive staining for both antibodies was more evident in tubuli and some glomeruli.

正常大鼠肾脏可以有少量细胞P27kip1染色阳性，本研究发现，在DN模型组，第1周起肾小球和肾小管P27kip1染色阳性细胞即显著增加（P＜0.01），且随着病程进展，P27kip1染色阳性细胞比例显著增加。

After administration of L-N〓-nitro-Arginine, a specific antagonist of NOS, it was found that the basal and stimulated NO release of blood vessels (aorta, internal carotid, renal and mensenteric artery) was decreased further. The increase of coronary blood flow stimulated by Ach was also reduced further, while the platelet aggregation degree and erythrocyte aggregation index increased significantly. Pathological examination indicated that aortic endothelium was destroyed, the blood vessels in cerebral, cardiac and renal tissues were hypertrophied further and some were almost occluded. The above fin dings resulted in SHR feeded with L-NNA having high incidence of stroke rate and high degree of renal cirrhosis when compared to control SHR. The infarct and hemorrhagic focuci in cerebral tissues, infarct focuci in cardiac tissues, atrophy and hyalinedegeneration of renal glomeruli and degeneration even necrosis of renal tubuli in renal tissues were al so found. The increase ratio of brain and heart to body weight and decrease ratio of kidney to body wei ght further demonstrated that the cerebral, cardiac and renal injuries were aggravated.

在上述结果的基础上进一步给予SHR NOS特异性拮抗剂左旋亚硝基精氨酸后，血管(胸主、颈内、肾及肠系膜动脉)NO基础释放及激动剂刺激释放进一步减少，Ach刺激冠脉流量的增加和胸主动脉内膜NOS活性也进一步减少，血小板聚集程度及红细胞聚集指数显著上升，病理切片显示胸主动脉内皮细胞破坏明显，脑心肾组织内的血管进一步增厚甚至几乎阻塞，导致饲L-NNA的SHR缺血性及出血性脑卒中发生率显著高于对照SHR，脑体重比显著升高；心肌内出现明显的缺血梗塞疤痕灶，心体重比显著升高；肾小球明显萎缩、玻璃样变性，肾小管也变性甚至坏死，使肾硬化程度显著增加呈颗粒性固缩肾，肾体重比也显著减少。

Further studies show that the main effect of Shenfu acupoint injection is to reduce patient's glomerulous urine protein, but not reduce tubulous urine protein (α1-M).

进一步研究显示穴位注射主要是降低患者的肾小球性蛋白尿(尿微量白蛋白、尿IgG)，对肾小管性蛋白尿(尿α1-M)无改善作用。

Firstly the expression of AT1R was observed in the ureteric bud cell branching, and then in tubules and glomeruli.

AT1R在小鼠后肾发生发育中的表达具有一定的时空顺序，最先出现在输尿管芽，然后是肾小管及肾小球。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。