肾下的

Ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe method for the treatment of ureteral calculi with renal colic.

输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石引起的肾绞痛，是一种安全、有效的方法。

In case of known renal insufficiency the dose should be reduced.

在已知的肾功能不全的情况下，剂量应减少。

They may show anaemia, which may be complicating the situation, impaired kidney function, or thyroid gland overactivity.

他们可能会出现贫血，这可能是复杂的情况下，受损的肾功能，或甲状腺过度。

Methods: Fresh canine kidneys and porcine ureters were harvested and subjected to thulium laser and femtosecond pulse laser , respectively.

分别采用铥激光和飞秒脉冲激光对离体犬肾组织和猪输尿管组织进行体外实验，观察(1)在模拟腹腔条件下，低流量冲洗液抑制铥激光产生烟雾的效果和(2)飞秒脉冲激光切割离体猪输尿管的效率与副损伤程度。

In the literature, the incidence of a retroperitoneal lymphocele following surgery is 0.6 to 18% in renal transplantation,3,4,12 20 to 30% in radical surgery with lymphadenectomy for gynecological cancers,2,6,17 and 0.8 to 11% in urological procedures.9,15 There have been several reports on the formation of chylothorax or chyloascites following thoracic or upper lumbar spinal surgery because of injuries to the thoracic duct or cisterna chyli.1,8,16,1821 However, cases of retroperitoneal lymphoceles are extremely rare in lower lumbar spinal surgery.

在文献报导的引起腹膜后淋巴管瘤的手术中，肾移植中其发生率为0.6 到18%，妇科肿瘤淋巴结清扫根治性手术中为20 to 30%，泌尿系中为 0.8 to 11%。也曾经有几篇报导显示胸椎或上腰椎手术造成胸导管或乳糜池损伤引起乳糜胸或乳糜腹水。但是，下腰椎手术造成腹膜后淋巴管瘤则很少见。

Methods 150 rats were randomly divided into three groups: group A, group B (80 mg/ gentamicin to be injected, group C (160 mg/ gentamicin to be given. The variations of renal pathology were observed at different time phases by light scope and electro microscope. Simultaneously, the expression of HSP70 in kidney was evaluated by immunohistoche mistry.

方法150只大鼠随机分为对照组和实验组B(庆大霉素80 mg/注射，实验组C(庆大霉素160 mg/注射，将对照组和实验组分别于注射后6、12、24、36、48h各取10只大鼠剖腹取肾，光镜、电镜下观察肾脏的病理变化，通过免疫组化法观察HSP70的表达情况。

RESULTS After injection through the subglossal vein, the MSCs passed through the capillary of the lung, and then distributed into the heart and non-targeted organ, such as the spleen, kidneys, lungs, but seldom in the liver.

心肌梗死后1周将标记的MSCs注射到大鼠舌下静脉内，在细胞移植后不同时间点取心、肝、脾、肺、肾脏器，进行组织学检查观察移植细胞的分布。

For a symptomatic large renal cyst with a maximal diameter exceeding 8cm, laparoscopic unroofing achieved excellent results which were better than those with povidone-iodine sclerotherapy. Laparocopic unroofing can be considered as the first-line therapy in such patients.

腹腔镜肾囊肿除顶术，对於大型的单纯肾脏囊肿（直径大於8公分）治疗效果明显比超音波引导下抽吸加上单次 povidone-iodine硬化治疗好，可考虑作为第一线的治疗。

The intra-operative mean diameter of the ice ball was 4.93cm. All the procedures were successfully completed laparoscopically, except 3 cases that were converted to open surgery, two of them due to bleeding from the site of the cryoprobe insertion (one of them requiring radical nephrectomy).

术中冰球的平均直径是4.93cm，除了三个病例转为开腹，其中两个因为冷冻刀插入面出血（其中一个需要根治性的肾切除术），所有操作均在腹腔镜下完成。

Methods: Under peridural anesthesia, the right rectus incision was adopted. First, the vessels in lesser curvative of stomach was amputated and ligated. Second, splenic artery was ligated to deflate spleen .Then ,splenic artery and renal vein were amputated and side-to-side anastanosised with each other. Result: Of the 36 cases,the portal free pressure decreased by different degree in 23 cases, unchanged in 10,and increased in 3 postoperatively. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 5 years.

在硬膜外麻醉下经右腹肌切口进腹、采用先作胃小弯的血管彻底离断，再结扎脾动脉、使脾脏缩小后，而后分离出脾静脉和肾静脉进行端侧吻合，结果：36例中23例病人吻合后测得门脉自由压均较分流前有不同程度的降低，10例门脉自由压未变化。3例高于分流前压力。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。