肾上腺

Methods: Five cases with adrenal gland sex characteristics abnormality enrolled in this article, including one congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia which was proved by clinical study, two adrenocortical adenomas and two adrenocortical careinomas with histopathological confirmation. All five cases underwent CT examination and one adrenocortical adenomas also underwent MRI examination.

5例肾上腺性征异常病变中，先天性肾上腺皮质增生1例，皮质腺瘤和皮质癌各2例，除1例先天性肾上腺皮质增生外，余4例均经手术和病理证实。5例均进行了CT检查，其中1例皮质腺瘤还进行了MRI检查。

Methods The clinical data of 15 patients were summarized including 13 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and 2 cases of adrenocortical carcinoma.

方法总结15例肾上腺性征综合征患者的临床资料，其中先天性肾上腺皮质增生13例，肾上腺皮质癌2例。

Methods the clinical data of 15 patients were summarized including 13 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and 2 cases of adrenocortical carcinoma.

目的 15例肾上腺性征综合征患者的临床资料，其中先天性肾上腺皮质增生13例，肾上腺皮质癌2例。

Abdominal incision are suitable for the large tumors in adrenal, right L-shape incision and left abdominalthoracic incision or dorsolumbar flap incision can be also performed.

大部分巨大肾上腺肿瘤拟用经腹切口，必要时右侧肾上腺肿瘤可行右侧腹部L形切口；左侧肾上腺肿瘤可用腹部胸膜外胸腹联合切口，或胸腹联合切口。

Eight cases of CAH and five cases of sex hormone producing adrenal neoplasma were presented during 1986～1996. The former included 3 rare cases of 17α hydroxylase deficiency and others.

目的 探讨肾上腺性性征异常的诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗，特别是分泌性激素的肾上腺肿瘤的良恶性鉴别诊断和各种先天性肾上腺增生疾病的治疗原则。

Objective To inquire into diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of virilizing and feminizing adrenal syndrome especialy differential diagnosis between benigh and malignant of sex hormone producing adrenal neoplasma and treatment principles of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

目的 探讨肾上腺性性征异常的诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗，特别是分泌性激素的肾上腺肿瘤的良恶性鉴别诊断和各种先天性肾上腺增生疾病的治疗原则。

In the 153 patients with moderatebullous pemphigoid, outcome was similar inthe groups receiving topical or oral steroids, but the total number of days of hospitalization and the number of severe complications were lower in patients treated topically.

153位中度大水疱性类天疱疮患者中，接受外用皮质肾上腺类脂醇与口服皮质肾上腺类脂醇治疗的两组，治疗效果类似。但在使用外用皮质肾上腺类脂醇的患者，总住院日以及严重并发症的数目都较低。

"Topical corticosteroid therapy is effective forboth moderate and severe bullous pemphigoid and is superiorto oral corticosteroid therapy for extensive disease," write Pascal Joly, MD, PhD, from the University of Rouen in France, and colleagues."Topical corticosteroids should be considered the standard treatment for patients with extensive bullous pemphigoid."

外用皮质肾上腺类脂醇治疗对於中度及严重大水疱性类天疱疮都很有效，对於广泛性大水疱性类天疱疮，其效果优於口服皮质肾上腺类脂醇，」法国鲁昂大学的Pascal Joly医师，PhD及其同事写道：「应该考虑将外用皮质肾上腺类脂醇作为广泛性大水疱性类天疱疮治疗的黄金标准。

RESULTS: The diagnosis rates of ultrasonography and spiral or thin-cut computed tomography were 70.0%(7/10) and 84.6%(11/13). Ten patients received adrenalectomy with negative resection margins, 4 of them received laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

结果：本组患者经B超和CT检查，对肾上腺肿物的诊断率分别为70.0%(7/10)与84.6%(11/3)。10例行肾上腺转移癌手术切除，其中4例患者于术后1个月至5年间行腹腔镜肾上腺转移癌切除，切缘均无癌细胞。

The adrenals at the bottom represent bilateral cortical hyperplasia. This could be due to a pituitary adenoma secreting ACTH (Cushing's disease), or Cushing's syndrome from ectopic ACTH production, or idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia.

位于下方的肾上腺是肾上腺皮质增生，这可能是由于垂体腺瘤分泌 ACTH，或是由于 ACTH 异常分泌引起的库欣氏综合征，还可能是由于先天性肾上腺增生而引起的。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。