肺的

Objective To probe the diagnostic value and limitations of thoracic CT and X-ray plain film on giant bulla, and the relationship of giant bulla with adjacent lung tissue, in order to provide the imaging basis for surgical selection.

李坤成 ，尹建国，董岩青目的探讨巨大肺大泡胸部X线平片和CT的诊断价值和限度，巨大肺大泡与邻近正常肺组织的关系，为选择手术适应证提供影像学依据。

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Heart function was evaluated by ultrasound cardiography 2, 4 weeks after transplantation; hemodynamics was measured before and 4 hours following CPR.

主要观察指标：移植后2，4周用超声心动图测量心功能；测量心肺复苏前及心肺复苏后4 h内的血液动力学参数的变化；在心肺复苏 72 h 后取心肌组织进行病理切片检查。

The changes of the pulmonary function parameters:lung resistance and dynamic lung compliance,were measured to evaluate asthma severity continuously.

实时测量哮喘豚鼠肺功能参数，肺动态顺应性和肺阻力的变化，作为反映哮喘严重程度的指标。

The direct signs of Pulmonary embolism were luminal constriction,emphraxis,branched decreased,intraluminal lowD filling defect of blood vessel;while the indirect signs,formation of pulmonary infarction focus,pleural effusion,pneumonia,atelectasis,pulmonary dilatation and hydropericardium,etc.

肺栓塞的直接征象为管腔狭窄、阻塞、分支减少及血管腔内的低密度充盈缺损，间接征象为肺梗死灶形成、胸腔积液、肺炎、肺不张、肺动脉增宽、心包积液等。

The direct signs of Pulmonary embolism were luminal constriction,emphraxis,branched decreased,intraluminal low??D filling defect of blood vessel;while the indirect signs,formation of pulmonary infarction focus,pleural effusion,pneumonia,atelectasis,pulmonary dilatation and hydropericardium,etc.

肺栓塞的直接征象为管腔狭窄、阻塞、分支减少及血管腔内的低密度充盈缺损，间接征象为肺梗死灶形成、胸腔积液、肺炎、肺不张、肺动脉增宽、心包积液等。

In the thesis, Artificial Neural Network has been used to study the sample data of Pneumoconiosis, the quantitative model to show the relation between the incidence of Pneumoconiosis and three factors is built and tested by the practical data.

针对常规方法的不足，把神经网络技术用于尘肺发病规律的研究，建立了尘肺发病率与三因素间的实用化定量关系模型，并对三因素在尘肺发病中的贡献进行了研究，推导出相应的重要度公式；开发了"粉尘危害程度预测及动态仿真系统"软件，用于对尘肺发病规律的研究和预测。

A series PCR amplification for differential control strains and DNA samples diluted gradient (1:10) have been used to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of PCR assay established.Results 1. Detection of GAS by PCR assay: The 345bp specific fragment of speB gene were amplified in all the tested GAS strains including three strains of scarlet fever, whereas it was detected in none of the differential control strains. The lowest limit of detection was 6.5pg genome DNA of GAS strain. 2. Detection of corynebacterium diphtheria by PCR assay: The318bp specific fragment of toxB gene were amplified in all the tested toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheria strains, whereas it was detected in none of the differential control strains. The lowest limit of detection is 850fg/μl genome DNA of corynebacterium diphtheria strain. 3. Detection of Lp by PCR assay: The 340bp specific fragments of mip gene were amplified in all the tested Lp strains, whereas it was detected in none of the differential control strains including three strains of non-pneumophila.

结果：1、用PCR方法检测A组链球菌：以A组链球菌致热性外毒素基因speB为靶序列，设计的扩增引物对全部对照菌株的扩增结果为阴性，而全部A组链球菌参考株均能扩增出特异的345bp片段，其中包括三株猩红热链球菌，检测敏感性为6.5pg／μl DNA.2、用PCR方法检测白喉杆菌：以白喉外毒素基因toxB为靶序列，设计的扩增引物对全部白喉杆菌参考株均能扩增出特异的318bp片段，而全部对照株的扩增结果为阴性，检测敏感性为850fg／μl DNA.3、用PCR方法检测嗜肺军团菌：以嗜肺军团菌巨噬细胞感染增强子基因mip为靶基因，设计的引物对嗜肺军团菌14个血清型参考株均扩增出特异的340bp片段，而鉴别对照株包括三株非嗜肺军团菌均未扩增出任何片段。

Whereas changes in extravascular lung water of less than 100-200% are undetectable by other clinically applicable methods of lung injury assessment (chest radiograph and oxygenation), the single transpulmonary indicator has proven highly sensitive to small (10-20%) increases and is therefore useful to detect incipient pulmonary edema.

尽管肺血管外水分在小于100-200%的变化能够通过其他评估肺损伤的方法来评价，但是单向跨肺热指示剂法被证实能够敏感到发现10-20%的肺血管外水分的变化，因此对于发现初始的肺水肿更为有用。

Whereas changes in extraascular lung water of less than 100-200% are undetectable by other clinically applicable methods of lung injury assessment (chest radiograph and oxygenation), the single transpulmonary indicator has proen highly sensitie to small (10-20%) increases and is therefore useful to detect incipient pulmonary edema.

尽管肺血管外水分在小于100-200%的变化能够通过其他评估肺损伤的方法来评价，但是单向跨肺热指示剂法被证实能够敏感到发现10-20%的肺血管外水分的变化，因此对于发现初始的肺水肿更为有用。

In this experimental conditions, the VEC had not damnified obviously by perfusion with IECS in 4 hours. The pulmonary vascular resistance could decreased by POE1 and so vascular endolhelial cells would be protected. Mannitol not only increase osmotic pressure but also cleanse OFR. The addition of mannitol, POE1, glucose and osmotic pressure to IEC solution contributes to reduce the quantities of OFR.

2在本实验条件下所采用的IECS进行犬肺灌洗、离体保存4h之内肺血管内皮细胞无明显损伤，PGE；具有保护肺血管内皮细胞的作用；甘露醇具有增加渗透压和清除自由基的作用；灌洗前肺动脉内注射PGE；及增加 ECS渗透压和代谢底物、提高PH值使之略微偏碱均有助于抑制供体肺离体、低温、冷缺血保存期间OFR的产生。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷