肺内的

Thickened interlobular septa'looking as the "crazy-paving"'was found in 4 cases in high-resolution CT'correspondence with edema and lymphocyte exudation in interlobular septa in pathological findings.No mediastinal and hilar adenopathy was found. Conclusion The characteristic appearances of PAP on MSCT correspond to its pathological features.

多层CT的问世，使单次屏气时间内完成高质量的全肺薄层扫描成为现实，极大提高了图像的时间和空间分辨率，胸部高分辨率CT还能清晰显示次级肺小叶为单位的肺内细微结构，极大提高了CT在肺部疾病诊断中的应用价值。

Results All the 6 patients with PAP presented ground-glass opacities with well-defined margins on MSCT'creating "geographic" pattern'reflected the effusion of proteinaceous material within the alveoli in PAP.Thickened interlobular septa'looking as the "crazy-paving"'was found in 4 cases in high-resolution CT'correspondence with edema and lymphocyte exudation in interlobular septa in pathological findings.

多层CT的问世，使单次屏气时间内完成高质量的全肺薄层扫描成为现实，极大提高了图像的时间和空间分辨率，胸部高分辨率CT还能清晰显示次级肺小叶为单位的肺内细微结构，极大提高了CT在肺部疾病诊断中的应用价值。

Objective To evaluate the helical CT features of miliary tuberculosis and pulmonary miliary metastatic nodules so thatimproving the correct diagnosis of the miliary lung diseases.

方法收集经临床证实的34例粟粒型肺结核和54例粟粒性肺转移瘤的螺旋CT资料，观察肺粟粒结节的分布、大小，肺密度，肺门、纵隔淋巴结增大及肺内并发病灶。

The experimental group has various changes in the different density of potentill anserine extract.

实验组不同浓度的蕨麻提取物对小鼠肺组织的影响不同，Ⅰ组小鼠肺组织表面肉眼见不同程度的散在点状出血、显微镜下肺泡腔内见散在红细胞；Ⅱ组小鼠肺组织表面肉眼无明显异常，显微镜下肺泡腔内见散在红细胞及淡伊红色液体，两组均见肺泡壁毛细血管扩张充血及毛细血管内皮细胞呈不同程度的增生肥大。

The experimental group has various changes in the different density of potentill anserine extract. The small rat pulmonary tissue surface ofⅠgroup can see sporadic petechia of different degree; pulmonary alveolus cavity can see sporadic erythrocyte under the microscope. The small rat pulmonary tissue surface of Ⅱ group is no obvious abnormality by naked eye; pulmonary alveolus cavity can see sporadic erythrocyte and thin powder color liquid under the microscope. Two groups all have the capillary vessel of alveolar wall dilation and the endothelial cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy in different degree.

实验组不同浓度的蕨麻提取物对小鼠肺组织的影响不同，Ⅰ组小鼠肺组织表面肉眼见不同程度的散在点状出血、显微镜下肺泡腔内见散在红细胞；Ⅱ组小鼠肺组织表面肉眼无明显异常，显微镜下肺泡腔内见散在红细胞及淡伊红色液体，两组均见肺泡壁毛细血管扩张充血及毛细血管内皮细胞呈不同程度的增生肥。

The distribution was different in various multiple cavitary lung diseases.Local multiple onset was particularly prevalent in cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis,scattered multiple onset was particularly prevalent in various infected cavitary lung diseases,diffuse multiple onset was particularly seen in cavitary pulmonary metastases.

多发性肺空洞病变的肺内分布形式不同，局部多发多见于结核性肺空洞病变，散在多发多见于感染性肺空洞病变，弥漫多发多见于肺转移瘤空洞。

Results The CT findings of pulmonary distomiasis included:(1)unilateral or bialteral mottling,patchy and nodular shadows with hazy border.

结果 肺吸虫病肺内CT表现包括：(1)单侧或双侧肺野出现斑片状、结节状影，边缘模糊，部位、状态易变，少数病例可见特征表现的&隧道&征；(2)肺门影增大，肺纹理紊乱或病灶呈成簇状窟穴状影；(3)胸腔积液常见，特征表现为交替性胸腔积液和心包积液。

Pressure difference between intrapulmonary pressure and atmospheric pressure can be created to maintain pulmonary ventilation .

人工呼吸：一旦呼吸停止，可人为改变肺内压，建立肺内压与大气压之间的压力差来维持肺通气。

Reduction in blood flow to the nondependent lung can be caused by an enhancement of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction , which is the main mechanism of decreasing transpulmonary shunt during OLV.

缺氧性肺血管收缩是减少OLV期间肺内分流的主要机制，增强HPV可减少OLV期间肺内分流。

(1) Oxidative/antioxidative reactions, inflammatory reactions, apoptosis in lung are involved in the pathogenesis of HILI;(2) ABX, rHuEPO have protective effects on HILI respectively;(3) Hyperoxia can increase VILI in rats, but has little effects with low tidal volume mechanical ventilation.

结论(1)氧化抗氧化失衡，炎症反应，肺内细胞凋亡参与了高氧所致成年大鼠肺损伤的过程；(2)ABX通过抗炎、抗氧化、抑制细胞凋亡作用对成年大鼠高氧肺损伤具有保护作用；rHuEPO通过抗炎、抗氧化、抑制细胞凋亡及一定程度的抗纤维化作用对成年大鼠高氧肺损伤具有保护作用；(3)高浓度氧能明显加重大鼠通气机所致肺损伤，而高浓度氧对小潮气量通气影响较小。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。