肺

Fibrin exudation, pulmonary interstitial incrassation, thrombosis of pulmonary artery, hemorrhage and gore were found. Conclusion: MR enhanced pulmonary perfusion can diagnose pulmonary embolism.

病理显示：梗死区可见大量的纤维素渗出，肺间质增厚，动脉腔内可见红细胞和血栓形成，其周围白细胞浸润伴肺淤血，部分可见点状出血及肺淤血。

Ve To seek intersegmental plane of bronchopulmonary segments for left lung.

目的 为左肺肺段切除术寻找肺段段间平面提供解剖学基础。

Results The bronchi stricture can be seen at lobar bronchus or segmental bronchus and the bronchial walls were thickened. No mass and opposite "S" sign can be found in all the cases. Among them,centripetal stricture can be found in 6 cases, and eccentric stricture in 11 cases. Bronchi stricture with obstructive atelectasis in 12 cases. In which "Air bronchogram" can be found in 9 cases. Bronchi stricture with pleural effusion in 8 cases. With intrabronchial polypoid shadows in 5 cases. With active pulmonary TB in 9 cases.

结果：17例均有肺叶或肺段支气管起始部和/或分支部不同程度狭窄及管壁增厚，无肿块及反S征；其中，向心狭窄6例，偏心狭窄11例；狭窄伴肺叶或肺段不张12例，其中不张或实变区可见充气支气管征9例，占75%；伴胸腔积液8例；伴管腔内息肉样软组织影5例；伴肺内结核9例。

The management for extralobar pulmonary sequestration and bronchogenic cyst located at the extrathorax and mediastinum was simple resection. For congenital adenomatoid malformation, intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst and intralobar pulmonary sequestration, total lobectomy was done. All the 10 patients are living well now, after from 6 months to 7 years of follow-up.

手术方式为对胸腔外及纵隔腔的支气管囊肿和肺叶外的肺隔离囊肿採取简单切除术；对先天性腺瘤状畸形、肺內支气管囊肿和肺叶內的肺隔离囊肿採取肺叶切除。10例经电话追踪，从6个月至7年不等，其发育、运动均与正常儿童无异。

Resujts:① The distribution of lesions are mostly symmetrical, extensive, predominant in the middle and lower lung fields, and posterior areas in peripheral;② There are so many HRCT findings of lung, ILD is predominant: intralobular interstitial thickening 46 cases (100%), ground-glass opacity 41 cases (89.13%), peribronchovascular or centrilobular interstitial thickening 40 cases (86.96%), interlobular septal thickening 38 cases (82.61%), irregular linear opacity 37 cases (80.43%), small nodular opacity 34 cases (73.91%), subpleural line 27 cases (58.70%), bmnchiectasis or bronchiolectasis 19 cases (41.30%), patch opacity 18 cases (39.13%), expiratory mosaic sign 15 cases (32.61%), interface sign 14 cases (30.43%), honeycombing 12 cases (26.09%), emphysema or bulla 3 cases, cystic airspace suspected 1 case, and atelectasis suspected 1 case;③ Mediastinum and pleura: multiple small lymphonodi in mediastinum 41 cases (89.13%), pleural thickening or rough 38 cases (82.61%), esophagoectasis 11 cases (23.91%), unilateral little pleural fluid 1 case, and mediastinal emphysema 1 case.

结果：①皮肌炎肺部病变分布呈对称、广泛、偏中下、偏外后的特点；②肺部HRCT表现多样，以肺间质性改变为主：小叶内间质增厚46例(100%)，磨玻璃影41例(89.13%)，支气管血管束增宽或小叶核心增大40例(86.96%)，小叶间隔增厚38例(82.61%)，不规则纤维索条影37例(80.43%)，结节影34例(73.91%)，胸膜下线27例(58.70%)，支气管或细支气管扩张19例(41.30%)，斑片影18例(39.13%)，呼气相马赛克征15例(32.61%)，界面征14例(30.43%)，蜂窝影12例(26.09%)，肺气肿或肺大泡3例，单纯囊状气腔1例，肺不张l例；③纵隔及胸膜：纵隔小淋巴结影41例(89.13%)，胸膜增厚或毛糙38例(82.61%)，食管扩张11例(23.91%)，单侧少量性胸腔积液1例，纵隔气肿1例。

Objective To explore the surgical procedure,postoperative respiration,blood gas analysis and heart function changes relevant to intrapericardial total pneumonectomy.Methods To review and analyze the clinical data of 42 cases of the intrapericardial total pneumonectomy.

目的 探讨经心包内处理肺血管全肺切除术的手术操作、术后呼吸、血气及心功能的变化方法回顾性分析42例经心包内全肺切除术患者的临床资料。

Results All the patients had been cured by nonoperative procedures without complications such as intrapulmonary abscess.

结果 8例外伤性肺囊肿的病人全部非手术治愈，无肺内脓肿、局限性肺不张等并发症发生。

Pressure difference between intrapulmonary pressure and atmospheric pressure can be created to maintain pulmonary ventilation .

人工呼吸：一旦呼吸停止，可人为改变肺内压，建立肺内压与大气压之间的压力差来维持肺通气。

On experimental day , the rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin(5mg/kg body weight)or sterile saline, and then treated with the Fluvastain and saline until they were killed .5 rats of every group were executed in 7,14,28,42 day. Immunohistochemistry and Westernblotting were used to measure the expression of TGF-β, ERK_(1/2) p-ERK protein.

本实验利用博莱酶素诱导大鼠肺间质纤维化，以氟伐他汀为代表研究他汀类药物对肺纤维化大鼠模型的干预作用，并通过观察氟伐他汀对ERK信号通路中重要调节酶ERK_(1/2)的表达及活化的影响，探索肺纤维化的信号传导机制，并为临床提供新的治疗思路。

On experimental day （ day 0 ）, the rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin （ 5mg.kg -1 .body weight ）,and then treated with Angelica Sinensis 100mg.kg -1 and 200mg.kg -1 until they were killed.

按 BLM 5mg.kg -1 体重复制大鼠肺纤维化模型， 24 小时后给药，于 7 、 14 、 28 天观察肺间质纤维化形成的病理变化和肺匀浆中谷胱甘肽、透明质酸的含量变化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。