股胫的

Historically, isolated FCL injuries have been treated by direct repair,2 augmentation with a strip of the common biceps tendon,3,38 augmentation with a portion of the iliotibial band,3 imbrication and advancement with a bone block,7,13 or reconstruction using allograft tissue at nonanatomic attachment sites.4,6,24,29 However, to our knowledge no anatomic approach to reconstructing nonrepairable isolated FCL injuries has been published.

过去FCL离断伤通过直接修复[2]、股二头肌总腱增强[3，38]、部分髂胫束增强[3]、骨块重叠改良[7，13]或同种异体组织移植在非解剖重建治疗[4，6，24，29]。然而，就我们所知，尚未发现不可修复的FCL离断伤后解剖学重建的报道。

The results show that, after adjusting for potential confounders, very large BMLs at baseline are associated with a significantly higher risk of progression of total tibiofemoral cartilage defects as compared to no BML at baseline.

在基线时无疼痛的健康妇女中，大量的BML与整个胫股关节中软骨缺损的进展和侧面胫骨软骨更迅速的损失具有相关性。

BACKGROUND: This is a systematic review of studies on the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral joint more than 10 years after an anterior cruciate ligament injury, the radiologic classification methods used, and risk factors for development of knee osteoarthritis.

舒芬太尼在关节镜前交叉韧带重建的出院病人关节内镇痛作用的前瞻性，随机，双盲研究背景：这是一项关于前交叉韧带损伤后10年以上胫股关节骨关节炎的发病率，所用的X线分类方法以及发展为膝骨性关节炎的危险因素这三者研究的系统评价。

OBJECTIVE:. An abnormally high knee adduction moment increases the medial tibiofemoral compartment load at the knee during gait, and is an important biomechanical marker of joint pathology.

目的：膝运动时异常增高的膝内翻力矩会增加胫股关节内侧间室的负荷，这是关节病理改变的生物力学因素。

Present the results of a prospective cohort study that was performed to investigate whether BMLs are associated with longitudinal changes in knee structure, such as change in tibiofemoral cartilage defects and tibial cartilage volume.

148例健康无痛且没有任何膝盖损伤或临床的膝关节骨性关节炎史的中年妇女（在基线时对其显性膝关节行磁共振成像扫描）2年后又行磁共振以评估是否基线时已有的BML对胫股软骨缺损和胫骨软骨量变化具有影响。结果：在基线时14.9％的妇女存在BML。

It has been well documented that the fibular collateral ligament is the primary varus stabilizer of the knee.8,10 Consequently, isolated FCL injuries can elicit abnormal varus knee instability that can lead to functional limitations, a varus thrust gait pattern, and the potential development of medial meniscal tears or medial compartment arthritis over time due to the increased compressive forces at the medial tibiofemoral compartment.16,23,30 In addition, it has been demonstrated that varus instability, primarily due to a deficient FCL from an untreated posterolateral knee injury, causes a significant increase in force on both anterior cruciate and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction grafts.11,21,22 Therefore, a reconstruction technique to address nonrepairable acute or chronic isolated FCL tears is important to address these pathologic abnormalities.

已经证实腓侧副韧带是防止膝关节内翻的主要稳定结构[8，10]。因此，FCL离断伤可以引起异常的膝关节内翻不稳定，从而导致功能受限、膝内摆步态和潜在发展为内侧半月板撕裂或由于在增加胫股关节间隙的压力会随时间推移发生内侧间室关节炎[16， 23， 30]。此外，已经证实了主要由膝关节后外侧损伤后未经治疗导致FCL功能缺陷引起的膝内翻不稳可以引起前交叉韧带和后交叉韧带重建移植物受力明显[11，21，22]。因此，认为不可修复的急性或慢性FCL离断撕裂伤的重建技术对这些病理异常非常重要。

Objective: To evaluate the effects of posterior cruciate ligament resection on thetibiofemoral joint gap and its clinical value in total knee replacement.

目的：通过研究人工膝关节置换术中后交叉韧带切除对于胫股关节间隙的影响来探讨后交叉韧带在人工膝关节置换中的临床意义。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。