股票

The content of stock option scheme design includes the sources and channels of needed stocks of stock option's exercising rights, the authorization and exercising of stock option, the granting chance and quantity of stock option, the determination of premium of stock option, the implementing methods of stock option, right transfer and loss, and the management of stock option plan.

股票期权方案设计的内容包括股票期权行使权所需股票来源和渠道、股票期权的授予和行使、股票期权的授予时机和数目、股票期权行权价的确定、股票期权的执行方法、权利变更及丧失、对股票期权计划的管理等。

This paper discusses the value of the stock, based on the determination of the value of the stock, the value of enterprises with the market value of the relationship , stock prices, the factors affecting stock prices and the various factors affecting the stock price in the stock investment strategy, the choice of stock, stock trading opportunity, loss of the floating stock's handling of the equity investment operations in the mentality of all made a specific analysis.

本文讨论了股票的价值，股票价值的确定依据，企业价值与企业市场价值的关系，股票的价格，影响股票价格的因素与各个因素对股票价格的影响，在股票投资策略中，对股票的选择，股票的买卖时机，股票的浮动亏损的处理方法，股票投资操作中的心态都做出了具体的分析。

Under the current schedular tax system, the income generated at different times shall not offset each other, that is to say, all income shall be taxed, and no tax is imposed if no income is generated.

由于国家目前对股票转让所得暂不征收个人所得税，国家税务总局在研究股票转让所得的申报时考虑到：个人在一个纳税年度内可能频繁发生多次股票交易，要求其逐次记载股票转让所得，无疑将增大个人自行纳税申报难度；同时考虑到在一个纳税年度内股票交易盈亏具有不确定性，所以，在明确股票转让所得申报口径时规定，一个纳税年度内股票转让所得与亏损盈亏相抵后的结果为正数的，应统计在12万元之内；考虑到一些纳税人的其他应税所得项目已经超过12万元，本身已属于高收入群体，对于一些高收入者的股票转让盈亏相抵结果为负数的，为避免炒股的"负盈余"对已超过12万元的其他各项所得的冲抵，加强税源监控，我们规定"负盈余"按"零"申报。

STOCKS 股票 A stock is a certificate of company ownership.

股票是拥有公司的证明。

Hong kong saw itself as a 香港股票交易所 of a financial pioneer when in 2000 it sold shares in its combined stock exchange and clearing house to the public.

香港曾于2000年向公众出售其股票交易及清算所（香港交易所， hkex，代码0388，译注）的股份，并因此自诩为金融先锋。

Stock split 股票分割 When a company declares a stock split, the price of the stock will decrease .

當某公司宣佈進行股票分割，其股價便會下跌。

The results are consistent with the interpretation that positive intangible information tends to trigger institutional herding on the buy side.3. The securities Investment Funds act as momentum traders in bear market while as contrariant traders in bull market. Further analysis reveals that momentum trading by investment funds intensifies stock return momentum but stock price experiences a long-term reversal. It indicates return momentum results from mispricing instead of risk. The securities Investment Funds hamper market efficiency when they act as momentum traders.4 Both momentum trading and herding behavior intensify market anomalies and hamper market efficiency. However, momentum trading or herding behavior is the only one of the many aspects of the institutional investor.

第三，机构投资者的动量交易行为会加重了股票收益惯性，这一结论在分别控制股票规模、账面市值比因素后仍成立，并且机构投资者对股票的动量交易行为越强烈，股票收益的惯性也越明显，说明机构投资者具有影响股票价格的能力；进一步的分析表明，惯性利润在长期均实现反转，但反转的周期和程度受动量交易指标值的影响，股票动量交易程度越高，动量收益反转越强烈，反转周期越短，这表明机构投资者的动量交易行为使股价严重偏离其基础价值，在长期，股票价格不断调整逐渐靠近其基础价值，因此可以说，机构投资者对股票的动量交易行为会加重股票收益惯性和阻碍市场效率。

This article elaborates the meaning and legal nature of Stock Option, analyzes the legal obstacles of carrying out Stock Option in china. Combined with our practices on trial, this article deals with some related issues on carrying out Stock Option. In conclusion, Chinese Company Law and Securities Law should be revised to solve the problem of stock sources and the encash of stock interests and so on. The special legal system of stock options should be established. Tax law should be revised to make the manager benefit from it.

本文阐释了股票期权之内涵、法律特征，分析了我国施行经理股票期权之法律障碍，结合我国试行之实践，对股票期权实施上如何完善的相关问题进行阐述：包括修改《公司法》及《证券法》的相关内容，以解决推行股票期权制度所需的股票来源及解决股票期权制度实施的收益兑现机制等问题；修改《劳动法》，确认股票期权是经理人员薪酬体系中的一部分；制定专门规范，构建股票期权法律体系。

Basing on the results of examining the impact on price, liquidity and volatility of underlying stocks after warrant issuance, the paper concludes that:(1) the issuances of warrant has the temporary positive effects on the underlying stocks" price and the positive effects happen on the introduction day but not on the listing day.(2) The issuance of the warrants causes the underlying stocks" trading volume and amount increases and heighten their liquidity.(3) The issuance of the warrants has no impact on the system risk-β, but decreases the total risk and volatility of underlying stocks.

本文最后通过综合认购权证和认股权证发行前后标的股票价格，流动性和波动性的变化结果后，认为：(1)认股权证的发行对标的股票的价格有短暂地正的价格效应，而这种对标的股票正的价格效应发生在认股权证公告日而非上市日；(2)认股权证的发行促使标的股票的交易量和交易额的增加，提高了标的股票的流动性；(3)认股权证的发行对标的股票的系统风险即β值没有影响，但能降低标的股票的整体风险，减小标的股票的波动性。

The first chapter of the thesis topics background analysis, a comprehensive grasp of the relevant literature, in-depth study of the question for laid a solid foundation; Chapter II from the perspective of China"s securities market, in-depth study of the volatility in the securities markets; Chapter III from Marcovitz portfolio theory, the capital asset pricing model and the arbitrage pricing theory systematic comparison, in-depth study of the International Securities Market Association theoretical basis, and then focus on the quantitative study of China"s emerging stock markets and the relevance of the surrounding market; this chapter use GARCH model family, pulse function, VAR model, market-related parameters , a smooth test, cointegration test, Granger causality test methods measure the volatility in the securities markets and the correlation with the degree of peripheral markets; Chapter IV in the face of China"s securities market volatility and market linkages with neighboring under the influence of the Chinese securities market from the current state of development of expounding China"s Permit Certificates of inevitability of the international market, Chinas securities market and to avoid the risk of the corresponding policy recommendations.

第一章系统分析论文的选题背景，全面掌握了相关的文献，为深入研究本问题奠定了坚实的基础；第二章从我国股票市场自身角度出发，深入研究我国股票市场的波动特性；第三章从马科维茨资产组合理论出发，对资本资产定价模型和套利定价理论进行系统比较分析，深入探讨了国际股票市场关联的理论，随后着重定量研究了我国新兴股票市场与周边市场的关联性；本章使用市场相关参数、平稳性检验、协整检验、Granger因果检验等计量方法测度了我国股票市场波动及与周边市场的关联程度；第四章基于我国股票市场波动及与周边市场的关联影响，从我国股票市场目前发展状况出发，阐述了我国股票市场国际化的必然性，并为我国股票市场的风险规避提出了相应的政策建议。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。