股东

Where the procedures for convoking and the voting form of a shareholders convention or shareholders meeting or meeting of the board of directors, violate any law, administrative regulation or the articles of association, or the resolution is in violation of the articles of association of the company, the shareholders may, within 60 days as of the day when the resolution is made, request the peoples court to revoke it.

股东会或者股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程，或者决议内容违反公司章程的，股东可以自决议作出之日起六十日内，请求人民法院撤销。

Where the procedures for convoking and the voting form of a shareholders' meeting or shareholders's assembly or meeting of the board of directors, violate any law, administrative regulation or the articles of association, or the resolution is in violation of the articles of association of the company, the shareholders may, within 60 days as of the day when the resolution is made, request the people's court to revoke it.

股东会或者股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程，或者决议内容违反公司章程的，股东可以自决议作出之日起六十日内，请求人民法院撤销。

REMARKS 备注: Incorporation to prevent sole-proprietor/partnership being dissolved upon their demised and company able to hold asset freely, apply Business / Shareholders Agreement to conserve your business interests.

成立有限公司以避免公司在东主/股东去世时被解散。并能自由拥有产业，应用商业/股东合约来保存您的商业利益。

For the mode of legislation, it is suggested that a principle regulations to be made while the detailed applied situation and conditions are specified further in judicial explanation; regarding the applied situation, give four kinds of examples as shortage of capital, mixing of company, property of shareholders, business and personality, avoid the liability of contract and legal liability using of company personality; when making judgment, such three parts as main body, action and results have to be considered. The voluntary creditor and forced creditor consists of prosecutor, those person who abuses the force of company is the defendant who has the act of abusing company personally resulting in bad effect; the responsibility of producing of evident may refer to those of courts of Germany, which is proved by prosecutor, after that, the defendant provides the evident that he has a proper action for the suit of company or his action is not the direct cause for the loss of company; the legal effect of disregarding of corporate personality is to deprive the rights of limited liability of shareholders and shall undertake the affiliated liability according to different situations of company debts, however, it is clear that the legal effect is only limited to the special legal relationship in the specific case; the exercising body is made by court while the corporate personality might not be disaffirmed directly in exerting process; finally, it points out the real essence and also its real sense and difficulties in practice.

对立法模式，建议成文法中只做原则性规定，而具体的适用情形、适用条件等规定可以在司法解释中进一步作出明确规定；对适用情形，根据我国实际列举了资本显著不足、公司与股东财产、业务、人格的混同、利用公司人格规避契约义务和逃避法律义务四种大类；审判时应考虑的要件包括主体、行为、结果三大要件，自愿债权人和非自愿债权人构成原告，对公司有控制力的滥用者为被告，要有滥用公司人格的行为，并有损害的结果产生；举证责任可参照德国法院的做法，由原告提供初步证据证明公司存在滥用公司人格的行为，而后，由被告提供证据证明自己与涉诉公司的关系是正当的，或自己的行为与原告的损失没有因果关系；否认公司人格的法律效果是剥夺股东在个案中的有限责任的权利，视不同情形对公司债务承担连带责任，但应明确法律效力仅限于个案中的特别法律关系；行使主体应由法院的审判庭行使，而不宜在执行程序中直接否认公司法人人格；最后对逆向揭开公司面纱作了探讨，指出其现实意义和实践难点。

Author finds that ownership structure and organizational characteristics have significant impact on dividend policy;the large shareholders have stronger incentive to force management disgorges free cash flow.

本文发现，股权结构(股权集中度和大股东持股)和组织特征(盈利能力、盈余水平、现金拥有量、公司规模和财务杠杆)均对现金股利政策具有一定的影响(而且大多数影响在统计上是显著的)，大股东整体上具有分配现金股利的倾向和能力。

It is dissertated from two aspects, the content of object and correlative relation on amount.

股东出资的法律构成包括股东出资之标的物的内容及其相关数量关系。

This kind of dissevered structure leads actual control person and principal shareholders distort other shareholders' value standard.

这种相互割裂的股权结构导致了实际控制人或大股东独立的有悖于其他股东的价值追求标准。

This paper testified theoretically and checked the characteristic that the cash dividend has the expropriating benefits.

从理论上证明并检验了我国现金股利政策带有大股东侵占小股东利益的性质。

It's suggested that understanding on the influencing factors of private benefit is helpful to restrict controlling shareholders expropriating the benefit of minority shareholders efficiently.

笔者认为，只有正确认识和理解控制权私人收益的影响因素，才能有效地制约控股股东侵害中小股东的行为。

I say "it seems", because so far the financing agreement did not worked – to be in force it seems one needs guaranties from shareholders: Posta Romana, other shareholders or Romanian state.

我说&看上去&，原因是到目前为止融资协议没有真正运作—要推动的话需要得到股东的担保：Posta Romana，其它股东或者罗马尼亚政府。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。