肠系膜的

In the sections on internal hernias, we describe the anatomic locations and embryologic features of potential hernial orifices (foramina, fossae, recesses, defects of the mesentery and visceral peritoneum) and the clinical, surgical, and radiologic findings, including the characteristic CT appearances.

在腹内疝章节，我们描述了潜在疝孔（肠系膜和脏层腹膜的裂孔、陷凹、隐窝和缺损）的解剖部位和胚胎学特征和临床、手术、影像学表现包括CT的特征性表现，我们也列举了一些CT图像、手术结果和术中照片，最后我们简要的描述了腹内疝的治疗。

Results In all these cases, there are 83 cases origin from mucous membrane which include inflammation, tumor and anabrosis; 24 cases origin below mucous membrane which include interstitialoma, lymphoma and scleroderma;38 cases mainly changed in the shape, structure and position of organs which include hiatus hernia, Oblique inguinal hernia, diverticulum, malrotation of intestine and megacolon; 29 cases mainly changed in the power and function of organs which include functional disorder of esophagus, mesentery-compressed syndrome funtional disorder of small intestine and irritable colon; 17 cases' performance caused by the factor outside intestinal canal which include mesentery shift, stomach shift and small intestine shift, and other cases which include fistula between esophagus and mediastinum, rectovaginal fistula, foreign body in esophagus and small intestine ascariasis.

结果：197例患者中，源于黏膜的病变83例，源于黏膜下的病变24例（包括间质瘤、淋巴瘤、硬皮病），以器官形态、结构、位置改变为主的病变38例（包括食管裂孔疝、腹股沟斜疝、憩室、肠旋转不良、巨结肠），以器官动力、功能改变为主的病变29例（包括食管功能紊乱、肠系膜压迫综合征、小肠功能紊乱、结肠过敏），因管腔外因素的影响而引起的改变17例（包括食管移位、胃移位、小肠移位），其他病变6例（包括食管纵隔瘘、直肠阴道瘘、食管异物、小肠蛔虫症）。

After administration of L-N〓-nitro-Arginine, a specific antagonist of NOS, it was found that the basal and stimulated NO release of blood vessels (aorta, internal carotid, renal and mensenteric artery) was decreased further. The increase of coronary blood flow stimulated by Ach was also reduced further, while the platelet aggregation degree and erythrocyte aggregation index increased significantly. Pathological examination indicated that aortic endothelium was destroyed, the blood vessels in cerebral, cardiac and renal tissues were hypertrophied further and some were almost occluded. The above fin dings resulted in SHR feeded with L-NNA having high incidence of stroke rate and high degree of renal cirrhosis when compared to control SHR. The infarct and hemorrhagic focuci in cerebral tissues, infarct focuci in cardiac tissues, atrophy and hyalinedegeneration of renal glomeruli and degeneration even necrosis of renal tubuli in renal tissues were al so found. The increase ratio of brain and heart to body weight and decrease ratio of kidney to body wei ght further demonstrated that the cerebral, cardiac and renal injuries were aggravated.

在上述结果的基础上进一步给予SHR NOS特异性拮抗剂左旋亚硝基精氨酸后，血管(胸主、颈内、肾及肠系膜动脉)NO基础释放及激动剂刺激释放进一步减少，Ach刺激冠脉流量的增加和胸主动脉内膜NOS活性也进一步减少，血小板聚集程度及红细胞聚集指数显著上升，病理切片显示胸主动脉内皮细胞破坏明显，脑心肾组织内的血管进一步增厚甚至几乎阻塞，导致饲L-NNA的SHR缺血性及出血性脑卒中发生率显著高于对照SHR，脑体重比显著升高；心肌内出现明显的缺血梗塞疤痕灶，心体重比显著升高；肾小球明显萎缩、玻璃样变性，肾小管也变性甚至坏死，使肾硬化程度显著增加呈颗粒性固缩肾，肾体重比也显著减少。

Results AE from CM had vasodilating effect on the contracti on of mesentery blood capillary in guinea pigs and the contraction of rat thoracic aortic ring induced by l0μmol/L phenylephrine, even under the condition of pre-treating with glibenclamide (1μmol/L) or propranolol (3μmol/L). When the endothelium of the rat thoracic aortic ring was removed, AE from CM had not vasodilating effect hut constrictive effect. AE from CM could also increase the contents of NO, NOS and cNOS in the aortic tissue and had no obvious effect on the NO content in plasma and iNOS in aortic tissue of rats.

结果 桑白皮丙酮提取物有抑制去甲肾上腺素收缩豚鼠肠系膜微血管的作用，抑制苯肾上腺素(10μmol/L)收缩离体大鼠胸主动脉环的作用，预加优降糖或普蔡洛尔(3μmol／L)后仍然有松弛作用；大鼠胸主动脉环去内皮后药物无松弛作用，反而起收缩作用；显著升高血管的NO和NOS、cNOS含量，对大鼠血浆的NO和血管iNOS的含量影响不大。

Methods: The hEGcs from the gonadal ridges and dorsal mesenteries of human embryos aged 5-10 weeks were cultured with or without cytokine in culture medium to observe their growth and the effects of different cell culture systems were compared.

取5~10周人胚胎生殖腺嵴和背侧肠系膜，用添加和不添加细胞因子的两种培养体系对比进行组织块原代及传代培养，选取生长情况良好的传至第4代的人EG细胞，移植到急性心肌梗死大鼠的梗死心肌周围，分别于移植后1天、1、2、4周处死大鼠，以鼠抗人细胞核抗体MAB1281作为示踪剂，通过免疫组化方法检测移植细胞的分布。

Methods: the hegcs from the gonadal ridges and dorsal mesenteries of human embryos aged 5-10 weeks were cultured with or without cytokine in culture medium to observe their growth and the effects of different cell culture systems were compared. the hegcs' from passage 4 were transplanted directly to infarcted myocardium.

取5~10周人胚胎生殖腺嵴和背侧肠系膜，用添加和不添加细胞因子的两种培养体系对比进行组织块原代及传代培养，选取生长情况良好的传至第4代的人eg细胞，移植到急性心肌梗死大鼠的梗死心肌周围，分别于移植后1天、1、2、4周处死大鼠，以鼠抗人细胞核抗体mab1281作为示踪剂[1]，通过免疫组化方法检测移植细胞的分布。

D Diagram of the surgical findings shows that approximately 180 cm of strangulated ileum, located 5 cm from the ileocecal valve, was herniated through the mesenteric defect.

手术所见的示意图显示距回盲瓣5cm的回肠有大约180cm发生绞窄，是经肠系膜上的缺损导致的疝。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。