肝的

Hepatitis viruses, alcohol, drugs, poisons, blood fluke,and so on, may irritate liver long term, which then activates hepatic stellate cells living in hepatic sinusoid to excrete excess extracellular matrix.

肝纤维化的形成主要是由于肝炎病毒、酒精、药物、毒物、血吸虫等多种损伤因素长期刺激肝脏，使肝窦内肝星状细胞活化，肝组织内细胞外基质成分过度增生与异常沉积，导致肝脏结构或功能异常。

These ingredients includes epidermal growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, dimethyl sulfoxide, phenobarbital sodium and all trans-retinoic acid. We isolate and culture primary 10-weeks-old human fetal hepatocytes, observe hepatocytes form and its function markers. Inoculate hepatocytes with HBV Dane particles to observe if HBV susceptibility of fetal hepatocytes can be induced in vitro. To detect HBV covalently closed circular DNA within hepatocytes, we improve the existent PCR method.

基于上述假设，我们设计了10种培养条件，在自行设计的无血清培养基中添加不同的细胞分化诱导物，包括表皮生长因子、肝细胞生长因子、二甲基亚砜、苯巴比妥钠、全反式维甲酸等，分离孕10周龄人胎肝细胞进行原代培养，观测肝细胞形态及功能指标变化，并定时给予HBV感染，观察能否在体外诱导胎肝细胞出现HBV易感性；为检测肝细胞内HBV共价闭合环状DNA(covalently closed circular DNA，cccDNA)，我们改进了现有的PCR检测法。

Results Of 47 cases ,the three kinds of predominant drugs induced liver failure were the traditional Chinese medicine(36.17%), antituberculotic(13.2%) and antibacterials(12.77%), and the two predominant types of liver failure were ac...

结果47例患者中，引起肝衰竭的前三类药物依次是中药(共17例，36.17%)、抗结核药(9例，19.15%)、抗菌药物(6例，12.77%)；肝衰竭类型以急性(17.02%)、亚急性(80.85%)为主；并发症以肝性脑病、腹水为主；总治愈好转率为26.19%，无效死亡组的并发症包括肝性脑病、上消化道出血、腹水、自发性腹膜炎、肝肾综合征等发生率均高于治愈好转组，差异有显著统计学意义(P.01)。

Although it is ideal to use the hepatic veins as intersegmental bounderies, their use as such is limited for two many anatomic variations and several segments are boundered by the same hepatic vein.

虽然以肝静脉作为肝段间的分界较为理想，但因其多变异性，和几个肝段由同一肝静脉分界，使肝静脉作为这种标志的价值受限。

Methods Six weeks old male Fischer 344 rats (F344) were used as donors, and six weeks old male F344alb as recipients. All F344alb were divided into 4 groups: group Ⅰ(n=10) was untreated; group Ⅱ(n=10) was treated with CCl4 but no γ-irradiation and transplantation; group Ⅲ(n=10) was transplanted with 1×10^7 BMCs after γ-irradiation, but without CCl4 treatment; group Ⅳ(n=10) was transplanted with 1×10^7 BMCs after γ-irradiation, with CCl4 treatment. The BMCs prepared from the donors were infused via the penial veins of recipients immediately after whole body γ-irradiation (7.5Gy) and CCl4 treatment: 4 weeks after BMCs transplantation, CCl4 were injected into peritoneal cavity twice a week for 4 weeks.

雄性F344大鼠为供体，而雄性F344alb为受体，分为4组：组Ⅰ(n=10)为正常对照组，不接受肝损处理，无全身射线照射和阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植；组Ⅱ(n=10)为肝损无移植组，只接受肝损处理，无全身射线照射和阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植；组Ⅲ(n=10)为正常移植组，全身射线照射后阴茎静脉移植骨髓细胞1×10^7；组Ⅳ(n=10)为肝损移植组，接受CCl4注射肝损，全身射线照射后阴茎静脉骨髓细胞移植1×10^7BMCs，其中，γ-照射剂量为7.5Gy，F344大鼠的BMCs经受体的阴茎静脉注入。

At 6 wk, the hepatic stem cells begin to differentiate to hepatocyte system, and then to cholangiocyte system in the next week. Like oval cells in the adult liver, the hepatic stem cells mainly locate at the periportal region at 10-12 wk.

wk， 肝干细胞开始向肝细胞系分化， 7 wk向胆管系分化， 10-12 wk，肝干细胞主要局限于汇管区周围的肝索，与成年肝中卵圆细胞的分布一致。

Affect on the liver pathological state after XIEZHIPING treated: the golden hamster hepatic tissue morphous structure of normal control was normal, which had regular hepatic lobules and no lipid droplet;that of model control manifested diffuse heavy adipose degeneration and heavy ballooning degeneration with inflammatory cell infiltrate which mainly composed of lympholeukocyte;that of high dose group showed midrange ballooning degeneration with chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate which mainly composed of lympholeukocyte and plasmocyte;that of media dose group indicated slight focus ballooning degeneration with a small quantity normal hepatic cells in some locals;that of low dose group appeared midrange adipose degeneration with a few lympholeukocyte cell infiltrate in the parts of central veins and port area.

泻脂平治疗后对肝脏病理状况的影响：空白对照组金黄地鼠的肝组织形态结构正常，肝小叶规则，无脂滴发现；模型对照组肝脏弥漫性重度脂肪变性，发生重度气球样变，伴见以淋巴细胞为主的慢性炎性细胞浸润；泻脂平高剂量组肝细胞呈现中度气球样变，伴见以淋巴细胞、浆细胞为主的慢性炎性细胞浸润；中剂量组肝细胞轻度灶性气球样变，局部可见少量正常肝细胞；低剂量组肝细胞呈中度脂肪变性，可见中央静脉及汇管区些许淋巴细胞浸润。

Affect on the liver pathological state afterXIEZHIPING treated: the golden hamster hepatic tissue morphous structureof normal control was normal, which had regular hepatic lobules and nolipid droplet: that of model control manifested diffuse heavy adiposedegeneration and heavy ballooning degeneration with inflammatory cell infiltrate which mainly composed of lympholeukocyte; that of high dosegroup showed midrange ballooning degeneration with chronic inflammatorycell infiltrate which mainly composed of lympholeukocyte and plasmocyte;that of media dose group indicated slight focus ballooning degenerationwith a small quantity normal hepatic cells in some locals; that of lowdose group appeared midrange adipose degeneration with a fewlympholeukocyte cell infiltrate in the parts of central veins and portarea.

泻脂平治疗后对肝脏病理状况的影响：空白对照组金黄地鼠的肝组织形态结构正常，肝小叶规则，无脂滴发现；模型对照组肝脏弥漫性重度脂肪变性，发生重度气球样变，伴见以淋巴细胞为主的慢性炎性细胞浸润；泻脂平高剂量组肝细胞呈现中度气球样变，伴见以淋巴细胞、浆细胞为主的慢性炎性细胞浸润；中剂量组肝细胞轻度灶性气球样变，局部可见少量正常肝细胞；低剂量组肝细胞呈中度脂肪变性，可见中央静脉及汇管区些许淋巴细胞浸润。

Results demonstrated that serum sICAM 1 was significantly increased in each stage of severe hepa titis and in each type of chronic hepatitis,compared with healthy donors and AsC.

表明：从AsC至重肝早期，血清sICAM－1水平随着患者肝损害的加重而升高，能较好反映肝组织炎症坏死程度，重肝患者血清sICAM－1水平随着肝衰竭的加重而降低。

The free radicals in liver tissue inhibited the synthesis of NO in hepatic injury.

结果 大鼠注射L-Arg后，NO的合成增多，转氨酶及肝组织损伤程度明显降低，注射L-NNA组大鼠肝损伤程度加重，肝组织自由基的测定表明，抑制肝损伤大鼠NO合成，肝组织LPO含量增高而SOD，GSPHX活性降低，SOD，GSHPX协同作用可清除体内自由基。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。