肛管

Anal sphincter is incrassation of colonic cricoid smooth muscle around anus, which takes 80% of the anal resting pressure ,as the anal resting prssure grades is one of the primary factors which manage self-control of anus at rest .It makes anal canal closed down in most case , especially of great meaning to self-control of gas and liquid.

肛门内括约肌是结肠环状平滑肌在肛门附近的增厚部分，其所产生的压力占肛管静息压的80%，而肛门静息压梯度是维持安静情况下肛门自制的主要因素之一，其使肛管在大部分时间处于关闭状态，尤其是对气体、液体的自制具有重要意义。

The mechanisms of feces control is followed:(1)Perception of oncotic pressure by anal activates the kinetic response of defecation control;(2)The tension of the internal sphincter muscle of anus makes it closed inmost of the time.(3)Tension of anal sphincter and puborectalis mantain the angle between rectum and anal canal and make anal canal closed during the relaxation of anal sphincter ;(4)adaptability of rectum makes rectum engorge in the cases of the not too high pressure of rectum .Destruction of any mechanism above will result in fecal incontinence .

正常人的大便节制主要通过下列机制调控：(1)直肠对膨胀压的感知，激发控制排便节制的动力学反应；(2)肛门内括约肌的张力，使肛管在大部分时间处于关闭状态；(3)肛门外括约肌和耻骨直肠肌的张力，使得在肛门内括约肌松弛期间，维持肛管直肠角的存在，并使肛管处于闭锁状态；(4)直肠适应性，使得在直肠内压不致过高情况下，允许直肠充盈，上述机制中一种或几种受到破坏，就可以引起大便失禁。

All patients underwent total colectomy,with ileostomy(n=1),ileorectostomy(n=2),ileoanal anastomosis or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(n=7),and rectal mucosectomy,through the muscular sheath of rectum ileoanal/ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(n=7) respectively.

全部病人均施行了全结肠切除，采用回肠造口1例，回直肠吻合2例，直肠切除、回肠肛管吻合或回肠储袋、回肠肛管吻合7例，部分直肠切除、直肠粘膜剥脱经直肠肌鞘回肠肛管吻合7例。

The average age was 27.8 years, and there were 47.5% patients with malignant change, the average age of them was 35.9 years. The choice of operative procedures included total proctocolectomy with ileostomy in 60 cases (26.0%), subtotal colectomy+rectal polyposis electrocautery in 63 cases (27.3%), total colectomy or proetocolectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis in 12 cases (5.2%), total colectomy or proctocolertomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in 19 cases (8.2%), subtotal colectomy+rectal mucoscctorny, through the muscular sheath of rectum ileo-anal anastomosis in 22 cases (9.5%), ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in 47 cases (20.3%), and subtotal proctoeoleetomy in 8 cases (3.5%).

术式选择全结肠直肠切除＋末端回肠腹壁造口术60例(26.0%)，全结肠部分直肠切除＋回肠直肠吻合术63例(27.3%)，全结肠直肠切除＋回肠肛管吻合术12例(5.2%)，全结肠直肠切除＋回肠储袋肛管吻合术19例(8.2%)，全结肠部分直肠切除＋残留直肠黏膜剥脱＋经直肠肌鞘回肠肛管吻合术22例(9.5%)，全结肠部分直肠切除＋残留直肠黏膜剥脱＋经直肠肌鞘回肠储袋肛管吻合术47例(20.3%)，部分结肠或直肠切除术8例(3.5%)。

Anorectal manometry is a safe, simple, harmless and impersonal examination technique.

肛管直肠测压是一种安全、简便、无创、客观的检测技术，是肛管直肠功能检查和疾病诊断治疗的必备指标。

Anal canal anal fissure is a common disease, is the anal skin (about 3 cm from the anal margin of 4 cm) rupture of the formation of spindle-shaped cracks or ulcers.

肛裂是一种常见的肛管疾病，是肛管皮肤(距离肛门缘约3厘米~4厘米)破裂形成的梭形裂口或溃疡。

MethodsThe clinical characteristics of 6 cases in our hospital and 350 cases in documents of anorectal malignant melanoma were retrospectively analyzed.

方法对我院收治的6例直肠肛管恶性黑色素瘤及复习文献报告350例直肠肛管恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特点进行回顾分析。

The disposable ringed cystiform closed anal tube was used to 58 cases of analconserving operation,34 cases of sigmoid fistulation and 68 cases of blind enema and drug effusion and compared with cases of the use of single-cavity cylindrical anal tube in respect of anastomotic leakage,infection of fistula and drug effusion.

将一次性环囊肛管用于58例保肛式手术、34例乙状结肠造瘘手术及68例肛管排气及药物灌肠病人，并与应用单腔圆柱式肛管病人从吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄、造瘘口感染、药液外溢、肛管脱出发生率方面进行比较。

Departmentof general surgery, daping hospital, third military medical university, chongqing 400042, china objective to determine the changes of anorectal manometry in patients with pelvicfloor dyssynergia.

方法对有便秘症状并经排粪造影诊断为pfd的21例患者用肛管直肠动力检测仪行肛管直肠压力测定，并测定会阴下降和直肠排空率。

Twenty-four case of the pelvirectal abscess was treated, contrasted with the control group with the ligation therapy.

05 ，但治疗组与对照组在创面愈合时间、术后疼痛、坠胀、排尿障碍及肛管收缩功能、肛管静息压、肛管收缩压方面有显著差异P。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。