肌阵挛

It has been suggested that hiccups could be a form of myoclonus, caused by repeated and abnormal actiity of the solitary inspiratory nucleus.

一般认为呃逆是肌阵挛的一种形式，肌阵挛是由单一吸气神经核的反复和异常放电引起的。

Among people with epilepsy, photosensitivity is most common in adolescents with a form known as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

人与人之间的癫痫患者，光敏性是最常见于青春期的一种形式被称为少年肌阵挛性癫痫。

But afore-mentioned case of illness are the fastest the 6 H after art is the slowest 20 H appears cannot sit quietly, companion breaks up to have quiver on eyeball, brothers Xu is moved, slant first, neck rigidity, flesh is clonic, present opisthotonos individually, but nonexistent pathology is reflexed (Ba Bin this base electronegative).

但上述病例最快术后6 h最慢20 h出现不能静坐，眼球上翻伴有震颤，手足徐动，偏头，颈强直，肌阵挛，个别呈现角弓反张，但不存在病理反射。

RESULTS Based on the epilepsy typing method and Video-EEG data,54pa-tients（42.2%）were diagnosed for epilepsy syndrome in the128child patients,including25cases of benign epilepsy of children with centrotemporal spikes,3cases of childhood ab-sence epilepsy,1case of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy,5cases of frontal lobe epilepsy,13cases of West syndrome and7cases of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.The types of epilepsy seizures in49（38.3%）patients were conformed,including10cases of tonic and/or clonic seizures,33cases of partial seizures,5cases of myoclonic seizures and1cases of atonic seizures.

结果 128例癫痫患儿中有54例（42.2%）进一步确定了癫痫综合征的诊断，其中儿童良性癫痫伴中央-颞区棘波25例，儿童失神癫痫3例，少年肌阵挛癫痫1例，额叶癫痫5例，West综合征13例，Lennox-Gastaut综合征7例；有49例（38.3%）可明确其发作类型，其中强直或阵挛发作10例，部分性发作33例，肌阵挛发作5例，失张力发作1例，另外有25例（19.5%）尚无法分类。

Results All affected individuals manifested with age-dependent seizures, combined with tremor, dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica and pyramidal sign.

结果 T家系患者临床表现为多种形式的癫痫发作、震颤、肌阵挛小脑协调障碍和锥体束征。

Autosomal dominant inherited; epilepsy; tremor; dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica; simulate linkage analysis

常染色体显性遗传；癫痫；震颤；肌阵挛小脑协调障碍；模拟连锁分析

objective to explore the reasonable utilization of cephalosporins in chronic renal failure patients with cephalosporin encephalopathy.method we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 29 crf patients,who developed encephalopathic syndrome and was treated with cephalosporin.results the encepha1opathic syndrome include (1)mental confusion in 4 cases;(2)unconsciousness in 2 cases;(3)seizure in 23 cases.physical examination did not show signs of cerebral focal injury.computed tomography of the brain in 29 patients did not show acute lesions.the state of neurotoxicity was completely recovered after discontinuation of cephalosporins.conclusion cephalosporins used in conventional doses or reduced doses can cause temporary encephalopathy in patients with crfwhich might due to prolongation of drug half life.

目的 通过研究慢性肾功能衰竭患者抗生素脑病的发病机制和临床特点，探讨头孢菌素在crf患者中的合理应用。方法 29例crf患者在使用常规剂量或减量使用头孢菌素后出现神经精神症状，诊断为抗生素脑病，将其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果神经精神症状表现多样：(1)精神异常4例，表现为胡言乱语、烦躁不安、睡眠倒错；(2)意识障碍2例，表现为嗜睡、昏睡、神志不清；(3)癫痫样抽搐23例，表现为肌阵挛、全身抽搐、癫痫样发作；部分患者同时出现几组症状。所有患者均无神经系统定位体征，行颅脑ct检查无急性病变。

Diagnoses were either juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (93.4%) or juvenile absence epilepsy (6.6%).

病人诊断分别为青年型肌阵挛性癫痫（93.4%）和少年型失神性癫痫(6.6%)。

Experts divide seizures into generalized seizures (absence, atonic, tonic-clonic, myoclonic), partial seizures, nonepileptic seizures and status epilepticus.

专家将癫痫发作分为全面性发作（意识丧失、肌肉失张力、强直－阵挛、肌阵挛），部分性发作（简单部分性发作和复杂部分性发作），非癫痫性发作和癫痫持续状态。

In this review data on the use of rituximab is presented from 92 studies involving 1197 patients with the following diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis, Grave's disease, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pemphigus vulgaris, hemophilia A, cold agglutinin disease, Sjogren's syndrome, graft vs. host disease, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, cryoglobulinemia, IgM mediated neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, idiopathic membranous nephropathy, dermatomyositis, and opsoclonus myoclonus.

本综述资料总结了92项共1197例患者应用利妥昔的研究，包括系统性红斑狼疮、特发性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜，抗中性粒细胞抗体相关性血管炎、甲状腺功能亢进、自身免疫性溶血性贫血、寻常型天疱疮、甲型血友病、冷凝集素病、干燥综合征、移植抗宿主疾病、血栓性血小板减少性紫癜、IgM介导性神经病、多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎、特发性膜性肾病、皮肌炎和眼肌阵挛性肌阵挛。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。