肌外膜

In ultrasound-guided interscalene block, do we know where the epineurium is?

在超声引导下行斜角肌间神经阻滞，我们知道哪里是神经外膜吗？

Part three: An experiment study on the repair of peripheral nerve injury by NT-3 gene modified neural stem cells objective To investigate the effective treatment of peripheral nerve injury with NT-3 gene modified neural stem cells, to explore the feasibility of the treatment by means of gene transfection Methods 54 SD rats were divided evenly into 3 groups. The sciatic nerve transected model were made and sutured end to end with epineurium. The neural stem cell without NT-3 gene or with NT-3 gene modified were injected into triceps muscle one time a week, saline injected as control group. The nerve trunks of stomas and triceps muscle were acted as specimen three weeks、six weeks and nine weeks after operation.

最后，为了探讨神经营养素-3基因修饰的神经干细胞对周围神经再生修复的影响，从转基因角度探讨治疗周围神经损伤的有效方法，我们选用54只SD大鼠随机分为3组，造成坐骨神经切断损伤模型，神经外膜端端对位缝合后，于小腿三头肌每周分别注射生理盐水、未被神经营养素-3基因修饰的神经干细胞、及神经营养素-3基因修饰的神经干细胞。

METHODS The animal models of the transected sciatic nerve of 40 SD rats were established, which divided into 4 groups: normal saline group, nerve growth factor group, bFGF group and normal control group. The epineurium of the transected sciatic nerve was sutured under microscope, then bFGF or NGF was dropped into local sites and injected intramuscularly once a day for 30 days after operation.

建立大鼠坐骨神经离断模型，镜下进行神经外膜缝合，局部滴加药物和术后肌注bFGF 以及临床用药神经生长因子，通过神经传导速度和功能指数评定观察坐骨神经修复情况。

Methods The animal models of the transected sciatic nerve of 40 SD rats were established, which divided into 4 groups:normal saline group, nerve growth factor group,bFGF group and normal control group. The epineurium of the transected sciate nerve was sutured under microscope, then bFGF or NGF was dropped into local sites and injected intramuscularly once a day for 30 days after operation.

建立大鼠坐骨神经离断模型，镜下进行神经外膜缝合，局部滴加药物和术后肌注bFGF以及临床用药神经生长因子，通过神经传导速度和功能指数评定观察坐骨神经修复情况。

HISI treatment prolong the survival time of mice in toxic condition induced by sodium nitrite and duration of electrocardiograph in trachea closed mice .HISI could obviously improve the ischemic electrocardiogram T-wave induced by Pituitrin.ST segment drifts on electrocardiogram in acute myocardial ischemia rats induced by Isoprotereno were obviously opposed by administration of HISI. The myocardial infarction areas, releasement of lactic dehydrogenase 、 creatine phosphokinase significantly increased in myocardial ischemia dogs, HISI treatment prevented these effects .

实验结果表明：苦碟子氯化钠注射液能显著延长小鼠常压缺氧环境及亚硝酸中毒情况下的存活时间，延长小鼠气管夹闭后心电消失时间；可显著改善垂体后叶素诱发的大鼠急性心肌缺血心电图T波异常；明显对抗异丙肾上腺素诱导的急性心肌缺血大鼠心电图ST段的偏移；显著改善冠脉结扎所致急性心肌缺血犬的心外膜心电图缩小其梗死心肌面积，降低心肌耗氧量，减少心肌坏死导致的心肌酶如乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸磷酸激酶的漏出。

Most endothelial cells fell off, elastic fibre autolyze; the number of SMC decreased, some SMC nucleus contracted completely or depressed, typical apoptosis body were seen in later stage, muscle silk autolyzed and disappeared mostly; in outer layer saw much collagenic fiber, arranged unorderly; inflammation cells were seen in the aneurysm wall(hypertrophy cell et al.).

多数瘤壁的内皮细胞溶解脱落，不连续，弹力纤维自溶；动脉瘤血管壁均可见SMC明显减少，较多SMC染色质边聚、固缩，部分SMC核全部固缩或出现不规则凹陷，SMC核胞浆或胞核部分出现脱落或裂解成碎片，晚期可见典型的凋亡小体出现，肌丝大都自溶消失：外膜可见大量的胶原纤维，排列较紊乱；瘤壁还可见炎性细胞浸润。

However, none of these therapies can manage this complication perfectly. Different from complete ureteral avulsion, when mucosal avulsion happens, the ureteral muscular layer and membrana externa remain their continuity.

这些方法基本遵循了输尿管全层撕脱、断裂或部分缺损的处理原则，而忽视了输尿管粘膜剥脱时，肌层和外膜尚保持着良好的连续性这一现象。

Endocericosis is an uncommon mullerian lesion consisting of irregularly-shaped glands proliferating deep in the bladder wall.

膀胱宫颈内膜异位症是一种较少见的mullerian病变，患者常有剖腹产病史。病变主要在膀胱肌层，粘膜及外膜也可受累。

Coli. The outer membrane protein were extracted from 38 strains of avian E. coli which were isolated from the dead chickens of chicken breeding farms in 3 areas of Baoding, Qiuhuangdao and Beijing by using ultrasonic cleaving and N-Lauroyl Sarcosine Sodium, and OMP typing was done by SDS-PAGE.

方法］对分离自保定、秦皇岛和北京3个地区规模化养鸡场的病死鸡体内的38株大肠杆菌，采用超声波裂解和N-十二烷基肌胺酸钠进行外膜蛋白提取，利用SDS-PAGE进行Omp分型。

The IR fibers were characterized in beaded, thread or network appearance and mainly distr...

IR纤维呈线状、点线状或交织成网络状，主要分布在心肌层及外膜下肌层，多伴血管走行，或攀附血管走行。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。