肌

The prevalence and degree of fatty muscle atrophy were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging in the abductor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, and quadratus plantae muscles in 80 asymptomatic volunteers (mean age, 48 years; range, 23-84 years) and 80 patients with foot pain (mean age, 48 years; range, 20-86 years).

对80例无症状志愿者（平均年龄48岁，范围23-84岁）和80例足痛患者（平均年龄为48岁，范围20-86岁）小趾展肌、趾短屈肌、拇展肌和足底方肌进行磁共振成像以估计脂肪肌内萎缩的发病率和程度。

The biggest skin defect was 14 cm x 20 cm in size. Skin defects were repaired with flaps, myocutaneous flaps, free skin grafts and suturations. There were 4 gastronomies flaps, 6 latissimus flaps, 2 tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flaps, 1 transverse recuts abdominis myocutaneous flap, 5 plantaris medialis flaps, 3 random flaps, 12 free skin grafts and 5 suturings.

采用 7种不同类型的皮瓣、肌皮瓣、游离植皮和手术后直接缝合等方法进行修复，其中腓肠肌皮瓣 4例，背阔肌皮瓣6例，阔筋膜张肌皮瓣 2例，腹直肌皮瓣1例，足底内侧皮瓣 5例，邻近皮瓣3例，游离大块植皮1 2例，肿瘤切除后直接缝合5例。

We also measure the distance and section of some muscles for example, psoas major muscle, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae olbique, internal abdominal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis.

运用横截面积肌力计算法，测量尸体腰椎周围肌肉：腰大肌、腰方肌、竖脊肌、腹内外斜肌、腹横肌的解剖横断面积，及其与腰段脊柱纵轴的中心距数值，求得力矩值。

Continuing inferiorly and anteriorly , the main trunk runs superficial to the internal carotid artery but deep to the jugular vein , external carotid artery , and styloid process to the deep surface of the stylopharyngeus muscle , which it innervates . The glossopharyngeal branch to the pharyngeal plexlus leaves the nerve trunk by the time it has crossed the stylopharyngeus muscle , and passes anteriorly and inferiorly between the internal and external carotid arteries to the main trunk to join branches of the Vagus Nerve and the cervical sympathetic nerves to form the pharyngeal plexus on the middle constrictor muscle at the level of the hyoid bone .

舌咽神经主干继续向下、向前走行于颈内动脉的表面、颈内静脉、颈外动脉及茎突的深面，横过茎突咽肌深面，绕该肌中部下缘弯向前行，并发出分支支配该肌，穿过茎突咽肌后，舌咽神经的分支一咽支脱离主干，向下向前走行于颈内动脉及颈外动脉分叉处，与迷走神经的分支及颈交感神经的分支一起组成咽丛，咽丛位于舌骨水平的咽中缩肌上。

Procedures for reconstruction include submuscular or subcutaneous placement of a silicone or saline implant, use of a tissue expander with delayed placement of the implant, muscle flap transfer using the latissimus dorsi or the lower rectus abdominis, and creation of a free flap by anastomosing the gluteus maximus to the internal mammary vessels.

重建手术包括肌下或皮下硅酮安置盐水植入、使用组织扩张器和后期植入、背阔肌或下腹直肌肌瓣转移及臀大肌乳房内血管吻合型游离瓣建立。

There was a significant inverse correlation between sarcomere length and A/I (r=-0.686, P.05). 4 Relations of the skeletal muscle histological characteristics and meat quality The muscle fibre and the myofibrils diameter were thinner, the muscle fiber density was denser, the sarcomere length was longer and the meat color was redder. The A/I was bigger, the meat color was whiter, contrarily was redder. The right amount of fat content may improve the meat brightness. The muscle fiber diameter and the myofibrils diameter were the biggest factors to influence the skeletal muscle shearing force, their assumed the obvious linear correlation. The muscle fiber density influence on the shearing force was only inferior to the muscle fiber and myofibrils diameter. Mensurate the IFA from tectology angle may reflect in intramuscular fat content. However intramuscular fat was not enough to carry weight on the shearing force, it may mostly affected on the smack, but not the tenderness expression.

猪骨骼肌组织学特性与肉质性状的关系肌纤维和肌原纤维直径越小、肌纤维密度越大、肌节长度越长，肉色鲜红；肌节中暗带比例越大，肉色偏白，而明带比例大，肉色偏红；适量的脂肪含量可以改善肉的亮度；肌纤维直径和肌原纤维直径对骨骼肌剪切力的贡献率最大，呈明显的线性相关，肌纤维密度对剪切力的贡献率仅次与肌纤维和肌原纤维直径；从组织形态学角度测定肌内脂肪面积比一定程度上可以反映肌肉内的脂肪含量，而肌内脂肪对肌肉剪切力的贡献率比较微弱，对肉食用品质的影响可能更多表现在改善肉的风味，而不是嫩度的表达。

Objective: To provide anatomic basis for pectoranis minor muscle transplantation by vessels and nerves anastomosis to reconstruct thumb opposition function. Methods: The blood supply and nerve innervation of pectoralis minor muscle, the comparison of the morphology and dimension of both pectoralis minor muscle and thenar muscle were investigated on 20 sides of adult cadaveric thoraxes and hands. According to the locations of the vessels and nerves of the pectoralis minor, the clipped pectoralis minor muscle at the same side were transplanted and fixed to thenar muscles with the same direction of thenar muscle fiber. After that, the process of dragging simulating opposition movement of hand were performed and observed.

目的：为吻合血管神经的选择性胸小肌移植重建拇对掌功能术式提供解剖学依据方法：在20侧成人胸部及手部标本中，解剖观察胸小肌的血管神经分布及胸小肌和大鱼际肌的形态、大小并将一者进行比较；然后按照大鱼际肌纤维走行方向，参考血管神经位置，将胸小肌修剪合适后移植固定于同侧手部大鱼际，模拟正常手部拇对掌功能予以牵拉，观察标本手部拇对掌过程。

Two rehabilitation physicians used the MAS to assess the muscle tone of the elbow flexors,wrist flexors,quadriceps femoris,hamstrings,hip adductors,gastrocnemius and soleus in...

结果：被评估的患者上肢肌肉以及膝屈和伸肌的信度较高(0.582～0.832)，而下肢比目鱼肌和腓肠肌的信度较低(0.095～0.486)。结论：MAS用于评定下肢肌特别是下肢远端肌群时应慎重。

All subjects performed eight times of grand battement in Chinese dance and scored by professional dancer to define the esthetics score of this technique. Results: The dominant side exhibited shorter reaction time than non-dominant side in paraspinatus muscles and gluteus muscles, high level group showed longer muscular activity and shorter resting time than lower level group, which were observed by electromyography.

结果发现惯用侧竖脊肌、臀大肌反应时间大於非惯用侧；高表现群总肌电讯号作用时间及二分之一最大强度肌电作用期间皆显著大於低表现群；高表现群之无肌电讯号反应时间显著小於低表现群。

In the twinkling of landing, such Biceps femoris long head and Tibialis anterior worked, after the hell land, Rectus femoris is activated and will also increase in advance, shake with subduction, Gastrocnemius lateral head has been shrinking steadily all the time after landing, has produced the function regulated.

在著地的瞬间，股二头肌与胫骨前肌等伸肌起了作用，脚跟著地后，股直肌群肌肉预先活化亦会增加，以减除震荡，腓肠肌在著地后一直稳定地收缩，产生调节的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。