肉芽肿

Results: Amang 128 patients, 56 cases were diagnosed as pulmonary carcinoma (43.75%), of which 30 cases were squamous carcinoma (53.57%), 22 cases were adenocarcinoma (39.29%), 4 cases were small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (7.14%); 37 cases were bronchial pneumonia (28.91%), in which 30 cases were given brush sampling, bacterial culture of BALF, the detectable rate of pathogenic bacteria were 50%(15 cases) and 40%(12eases) respectively; 12 eases were pulmonary tuberculosis (9.38%), of which 3 eases (25%) had concurrent endobronchial tuberculosis, smear of brush biopsy and BALF found Mycobacterium tuberculosis were 11 eases (91.67%) and 5 eases (41.67%) respectively, 2 eases were diagnosed as caseous tubereulous granuloma (16.67%); 2 eases were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (1.56%), lease was lymphoma of long.

结果：128例患者确诊为肺癌56例(43.75%)，其中鳞癌30例(53.57%)，腺癌22例(39.29%)，小细胞癌4例(7.14%)；支气管肺部炎症病变37例(28.91%)，其中30例经防污毛刷采样、支气管肺泡灌洗液行细菌学培养，病原菌的检出率分别为50%（15例）和40%（12例）；肺结核12例(9.38%)，其中合并支气管内膜结核3例(25%)，刷检涂片和支气管肺泡灌洗液找到结核杆菌分别为11例(91.67%)和5例(41.67%)，病理确诊为结核性乾酪样肉芽肿2例(16.67%)；特发性肺间质纤维化2例(1.56%)，肺淋巴瘤1例(0.78%)。

Methods The clinical features, CT scan findings and post mortem pathological changes of 3 patients afflicted with granulomatous amoebic encephalitis were analysed.

分析3例肉芽肿性阿米巴脑炎的临床特点，CT所见和病理改变。

METHODS The models of acute inflammation in ear of mice induced by dimethylbenzene,arthroncus in rats made by carrageenin,subacute inflammation of tampon granuloma in mice and adjuvant arthritis in rats were made,and all above animal models were treated with25,50,100mg/L of the bear bile lyophilized powder injection and observed the curative effects.

方法］ 分别制作二甲苯所致小鼠急性耳壳炎模型，交叉菜胶所致大鼠关节肿胀模型和小鼠棉球肉芽肿亚急性炎症模型。各组均分别给予25，50，100mg/L熊胆冻干针剂，观察疗效。

Caseous necrosis is really just a combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis that is most characteristic of granulomatous inflammation.

呈黄褐色到白色外观，是凝固性坏死和液化性坏死的复合性坏死，属于炎症肉芽肿的特征性变化。

At the upper right is amorphous pink caseous material composed of the necrotic elements of the granuloma as well as the infectious organisms.

右上部是无定形的粉红色干酪样坏死物，它由肉芽肿坏死成分以及感染的微生物构成。

Microscopically, caseous necrosis is characterized by acellular pink areas of necrosis, as seen here at the upper right, surrounded by a granulomatous inflammatory process.

特征性病变为：如图右上角的非细胞组成的粉红色区域，被形成的炎症肉芽肿所包围。

Debris necrosis of lymph node is not the specific changes of KD. In the tuberculosis of lymph node,① debris necrosis is obvious, but it tends to be caseous nercrosis;② histiocytes, macrophages and foam cells are hyperplasia in the necrotic area or lymph sinus, moreover, epithelioid cells can be found and they tend to be form granuloma;③ numbers of neutrophils infiltrate in the necrotic area;④ the etiologic assay of acid fast bacterium tuberculosis bacterium is positive;⑤ typical clinical manifestation is insufficient.

淋巴结碎屑性坏死并非KD特有病变，诊断KD需先除外有明显碎屑性坏死的淋巴结结核病，后者主要表现：①碎屑性坏死虽明显，但趋于干酪样坏死；②坏死区内或同时在淋巴窦内，组织细胞、巨噬细胞和泡沫细胞增生，并演变为上皮样细胞和趋于肉芽肿形成；③坏死灶内、外可有数量不等的中性粒细胞浸润；④抗酸杆菌／结核杆菌病原学检测阳性；⑤缺乏KD的典型临床过程。

Results All of the cases were chronic cerebral granuloma of schistosomiasis and showed as cerebroma.

结果均为慢性脑型血吸虫病肉芽肿型，表现为脑瘤型。

Results: The lesion located in the left choana region and left sphenoidal sinus of this case involved the left pharyngeal mucous space, left infratemporal fossa and its adjacent bone structure. CT showed that the rhinoscleroma in granulomatous stage was a soft mass which was irregular in shape, with a well-defined margin, inhomogeneous density and bone destruction. MRI showed heterogeneous hyperintensity on T1WI and isointensity on T2WI with an intermediate heterogeneous enhancement.

结果：病变起源于左侧后鼻孔及左侧蝶窦区，累及左侧咽粘膜间隙、左侧颞下窝及邻近骨质；结合本病例及文献复习，肉芽肿期鼻硬结病CT表现为不规则软组织肿块，轮廓清楚，密度不均匀，可见骨质破坏，残存骨质呈硬化改变；MRI表现为T1WI高信号T2WI等信号影，信号不均匀，增强后中度不均匀强化。

Among many of the clinical differential diagnoses, craniovertebral tuberculosis was suspected only on MRI and proved after fine needle aspiration cytology demonstrated granulomas.

在众多可能的临床诊断中，首先在MRI上怀疑颅颈部结核，细针穿刺细胞学显示为肉芽肿最终确诊。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。