肉芽肿

Professor of Medicine Department of Peking University, Beijing Ditan Hospital director of the Center for STD and AIDS in Tsui Hark-yi "Life Times" said in an interview with reporters, said the tradition of the past, we only five kinds of STDs, including gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid, sexually transmitted diseases of lymphatic granuloma And groin granuloma. 1975, the World Health Organization extended to the concept of sexually transmitted diseases,"sexually transmitted diseases," and now is mainly through sexual transmission of a group of infectious diseases.

北京大学医学部教授、北京地坛医院性病艾滋病中心主任徐克沂在接受《生命时报》记者采访时表示，以往我们所说的传统性病只有5种，包括淋病、梅毒、软下疳、性病性淋巴肉芽肿和腹股沟肉芽肿。1975年，世界卫生组织把性病概念扩展到"性传播疾病"上，现是指主要通过性接触传染的一组传染性疾病。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of gastric eosinophilic granuloma.

目的进步探讨胃嗜酸性肉芽肿的诊断与治疗方法对26例胃嗜酸性肉芽肿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。

The paper firstly represents two cases of cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus in China.

为探讨胆固醇肉芽肿形成的机理，报告2例发生于上颌窦的胆固醇肉芽肿。

The CT and MRI appearance of brain schistosomiasis granuloma is characteristic, and it is the most valuable tool to diagnose it.

脑血吸虫性肉芽肿的CT和MRI表现具有特征性，是临床诊断脑血吸虫性肉芽肿最有价值的检查手段。

The disease, known as LGV or Lymphogranuloma venereum, is caused by specific strains of chlamydia and is often marked by painful, bloody rectal infection and genital ulcers.

据路透社2月2日报道，这种性病被称为性病性淋巴肉芽肿或花柳淋巴肉芽肿，是由衣原体发生突变而引起的。

Results: CT diagnosis before surgery revealed 16 mastoiditis of simple type 8 of granullomatous type and 18 of cholesteatoma type.All the 26 cases of granullomatous and cholesteatoma type were operated on, but 2 cases were cholesteatoma type in 8 cases of granullomatus type and 3 were granullomatus type in 18 cases of cholesteatoma type.

术前诊断单纯型16耳，肉芽肿型8耳，胆脂瘤型18耳。26耳诊断为肉芽肿型和胆脂瘤型患者均行手术治疗，术前诊断为肉芽肿型8耳，术后2耳病理证实为胆脂瘤型。18耳胆脂瘤型术后证实有3耳为肉芽肿型。

This is a "miliary" pattern of granulomas because there are a multitude of small tan granulomas, about 2 to 4 mm in size, scattered throughout the lung parenchyma.

因为肺实质内存在大量散在的小棕褐色肉芽肿，直径约 2～4 mm ，称为粟粒性肉芽肿。

All cases showed naked sarcoidal granulomas while additional tuberculoid granuloma was identifi ed in one case.

所有的案例皆表现出类肉瘤样裸露的肉芽肿，但有一位病患身上除了有类肉瘤样裸露的肉芽肿的病灶，同时也有呈现结核样肉芽肿的病灶。

Results the pathologic features and morphological index of giant cells of the granulomas of mf were different from those of the granulomas in tuberculosis and foreign bodies.

结果 mf肉芽肿的形态学及巨细胞参数与异物性肉芽肿、结核性肉芽肿及骨巨细胞瘤的巨细胞有所不同。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。