肉膜

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Each cell in this type of muscle has associated with it a nerve ending that is deeply embedded the sarcolemma.

这种肌肉里的每一个细胞都伴随有一个深深嵌入肉膜的神经末梢。

Each cell in a Doluctary muscle has associated with it a nerve ending that deeply intends the sarcolemma.

在横纹肌中的每一个细胞都伴随有一个深深嵌入肉膜的神经末梢。

The specimen used as the basis of the original published description of a taxonomic group and later designated as the type specimen.

这种肌肉里的每一个细胞都伴随有一个深深嵌入肉膜的神经末梢。

In comparison with the control group,the blood flow,survival length and the length to width ratio of the expanded flap in the experimental group increased statistically.The immediate retraction ratio of the flap decreased significantly.The epidermis was thicker while the dermis was not significant different from the control.The panniculus carnosus was significant thinner in the expanded group than the unexpanded group.The deep connective tissue was statistically thinner in the group using the new type expander.

结果 双囊扩张器能有效地将药物导入到扩张囊周围的组织中发挥药理作用，使扩张后的皮瓣血流量较常规扩张组显著提高，成活长度、长宽比例也明显增加，回缩率明显降低，表皮明显增厚，包膜较其他各组明显变薄，真皮在各扩张组和未扩张组相比无明显变化，但肉膜层扩张组较未扩张组明显变薄。

Methods The reduced perididymis was opened, and turned over, and then directly performed a fixing suture onto the opened edge of scrotal dartos without making a space.

将复位后的睾丸鞘膜切开翻转后直接与切开阴囊肉膜的边缘缝合固定，不做间窝。

After the femoral vascular bundles were transplanted into the subcutaneous tissues of abdomen, expanders were implanted into the deeper dartos.

股动静脉血管束移位后，前两组分别在肉膜深面植入50ml扩张器，预构扩张组7d后开始注水。

The latter(0.9±0.2mm in diameter)runs outside when reaching scrotal dartos in scrotal raphe and spreads out in scrotal septal skin. Conclusions The arteries mentioned above all run in the scrotal dartos and its terminal branches anastomose with each other to form a integrated circular blood supply system of scrotal skin. Four different types for socrtal skin flap elevation have been then posed.

结论上述4组血管均在阴囊肉膜层内走行，其终末支血管相互吻合，在每一侧阴囊形成一个较为完整的动脉网络，由此提出4种类型的阴囊皮瓣切取方式，其他类型的阴囊皮瓣是上述阴囊皮瓣切取方式的变化形式。

Dissecting the skin and dartos fascia was not adequate to straighten the penis in all patients, even removal of fibrous tissue in pen- urethral region in two cases with ventral curvature, which implied a disproportion of corpora cavernosa.

在表皮、肉膜筋膜甚至远端尿道周围之纤维组识剥离后均不能矫正阴茎弯曲，代表所有病例均属阴茎海绵体本身不对称。

Any of various swimming and diving birds of the family Podicipedidae, having a pointed bill and lobed, fleshy membranes along each toe.

科中能游泳并潜水的任一种鸟类，有尖尖的喙，脚趾间有蹼状的肉膜

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。