联基

The present invention relates to a process for rapid solution synthesis of a peptide, the process comprising repetitive cycles of steps-: a coupling step, using an excess of an activated carboxylic component to acylate an amino component, a quenching step in which a scavenger is used to remove residual activated carboxylic functions, wherein the scavenger may also be used for deprotection of the growing peptide, one or more aqueous extractions and optionally, a separate deprotection step, followed by one or more aqueous extractions, characterised in that the process comprises at least one step, referred to as step, in which an amine or a thiol comprising a free anion or a latent anion is used as a scavenger of residual activated carboxylic functions.

本发明涉及快速溶液合成肽的方法，该方法包括步骤-的重复循环：偶联步骤，使用过量的活化羧基成分酰化氨基成分，淬灭步骤，在该步骤中使用清除剂除去残余的活化羧基官能团，其中该清除剂还可以用于使生长中的肽去保护，一或多个水抽提和任选地，独立的去保护步骤，之后进行一或多次水抽提，其特征在于该方法包括至少一个步骤，称作步骤，在该步骤中包含自由阴离子或潜阴离子的胺或硫醇用作残余活化羧基官能团的清除剂。

In this research, we used a sol-gel process to prepare UV-curable antiglare coatings. First the inorganic monomer tetraethoxylsilane was formed into colloidal silica by hydrolysis and condensation reactions. Then, added the couple agent 3- propyl methacrylate and surfactant fluoroalkylsilane (13F) to modify the colloidal silica. Finally, organic monomer dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate were added to form hybrid material.

中文摘要本研究是经由溶胶凝胶制程，将无机单体四乙氧基矽烷先行水解、缩合反应成为二氧化矽，接著分别加入偶合剂三异丙基矽基丙烯酸酯、氟化矽氧烷(13F)、对二氧化矽微粒进行表面改质；之后再导入交联剂DPHA加以强化合成出奈米混成涂料。

Moreover, the polymeric arsine palladium(0) complex is an efficient catalyst for the carbonyl allylation of aldehydes and the coupling reaction of aryl halides with terminal alkynes or Grignard reagent.

该聚合物负载的胂钯(0)配合物还是醛的羰基烯丙基化及芳基卤化物与端炔、Grignard试剂的交叉偶联反应的有效催化剂。

The term of shifting cultivation, as another appellation of slash-and-burn cultivation, merely emphasizes the characteristic that the cultivated fields possess greater changeableness, which has no necessary ties with shifting inhabitation.

周新文、陶联明同志既然承认基诺族过去从事的是刀耕火种的农业生产活动，那么就无法否认基诺族是从事游耕农业的事实。因此，基诺族是游耕民族的说法并没有错。

Chapter two: Using 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin as thestarting compound, the classical diazotization of aniline and the resulting reaction ofdiazo salts were applied to porphyrin for the first time, and a series of asymmetriclysubstituted meso-tetraarylporphyrins including 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-iodinphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-cyanophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-bisphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin and 5-(4-hydroxylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin were synthesized.

第二章：在已合成的5-(4-氨基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉基础上，首次将芳胺的重氮化及重氮盐反应应用于卟啉，合成了5-(4-氯苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-碘基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-氰基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-联苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉和5-(4-羟基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉等一系列不对称取代的meso-四芳基卟啉。

Methods Three-dimensional gels of type I collagen containing rabbit keratocytes were incubated in the presence of different concentrations of exotoxin A (0.1,1.0,10 mg·L-1),cultivated for 24 h at 37℃, the change of keratocytes in morphology was observed under the light microscope,and the amount of lactate dehydrogenase was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

含兔角膜基质细胞（1×105·mL-1）三维胶原凝胶表面添加提纯的不同浓度绿脓杆菌外毒素A（0.1、1.0和10 mg·L-1）后，放入无血清MEM培养液中37℃培养24 h，采用光学显微镜观察培养的兔角膜基质细胞形态学变化，采用酶联免疫吸附法检测损伤的兔角膜基质细胞释放的乳酸脱氢酶含量。

Four kinds of hapten with the similar structure of parathion-methyl were designed and synthesized. These four haptens were coupled with different length and structural spacer arms through nitro-group or methoxyphosphate group of parathion-methyl. Then six kinds of hapten-protein conjugates were synthesized by different methods.

根据甲基对硫磷的结构特征，分别从甲基对硫磷的硝基一端或磷酸酯基甲氧基一端引入一定长度的间隔臂和活性基团，设计并合成了 4种结构的半抗原；针对各种半抗原所带活性基团的性质，通过多种方法制备了与不同的载体蛋白偶联的人工抗原。

A kind of silica loaded cerium dioxide particles was prepared by the sol-gel method and the heat-resist performance of the silica loaded cerium dioxide particle added silicon rubber materials improved evidently as compared with that of the purely silica added materials.

研究了两种硅烷偶联剂——乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(A-151)和乙烯基三特丁基过氧硅烷对高硬度硅橡胶性能的影响，比较发现A-151不但可以显著改善高硬度硅橡胶的回弹性，而且使用方便、成本较低。

The recent research progress of oxidation carbonylation of amines/β-amino alcohols, alkoxycarbonylation of epoxides, carbonylative Suzuki coupling, carbonylative Sonogashira, and double carbonylation of aryl iodides has been presented, focusing on the carbonylation reactions studied by us in the past few years, with 81 references.

综述了胺／氨基醇类化合物氧化羰化、环氧化合物氢酯基化、碘代芳烃的羰化Suzuki偶联、羰化Sonogashira以及双羰基化等重要羰基化反应的研究状况，特别是结合本课题组近年来在该领域中的工作，并对羰基化反应的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

Firstly, phenyliodine diacetate was immobilized to the 2% cross-linked polystyrene or the liner polystyrene resin. The more iodine the resin had, the lower conversion to phenyliodine diacetate. We made our endeavor to extend the range of useful application of polystyrene supported phenyliodine diacetate in organic synthesis:(1) the reagent was used as an effective reagent of carbonyl regeneration from oximes and semicarbazones of ketones.(2) the reagent was also applied to the synthesis of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles, 1, 3-disubstituted-2-pyrazoline, 2-arylbenzoxazole from aldehyde N-acylhydrazones, aldehyde hydoazones and phenolic Schiff's bases respectively.

首先，我们以2％交联的聚苯乙烯和线性的聚苯乙烯树脂为载体，制备了聚合物负载的二醋酸碘苯，通过研究发现：(1)聚苯乙烯二醋酸碘苯是酮肟、缩氨脲有效的去保护试剂，不仅芳香酮，脂肪酮和α，β不饱和酮的肟、缩氨脲也能顺利转化为相应的酮，实现酮基的再生；(2)我们还利用此试剂，分别与醛的N-酰基苯、N-酰基苯腙及邻羟基芳亚胺反应，在温和的条件下发生成环反应，以良好的产率生成1，3，4-噁二唑、吡唑啉和二取代苯并噁唑等杂环化合物；(3)聚苯乙烯二醋酸碘苯还可有效地将邻羟基芳酮的酰腙经氧化、重排成1，2-二酰基苯。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失