联合作用的

4DRG was co-culture with sciatic nerve segment in 10鸖 DMEM;the axons were longer and surround the sciatic nerve segment which was regard as anew evidence for chemotropism.

结果：(1)在无血清条件下单独培养的DRG，背根神经节的轴突数目众多，外形纤细弯曲，不成束，并且施万细胞和成纤维细胞稀少，所以可以排除两者对轴突生长的影响，为观察来源于变性坐骨神经段的可溶性因子对轴突生长的作用提供了有利条件；(2)在无血清条件下DRG和变性坐骨神经段联合培养，①先单独培养DRG，4天后待神经元轴突长出，再与坐骨神经段联合培养，观察到神经元的轴突数目减少，外形挺直，部分轴突之间相互粘附成束；②变性坐骨神经段和DRG同时联合培养，神经元的轴突数目明显减少，外形粗壮，轴突之间相互粘附成束；(3)有血清条件下单独培养DRG，轴突数目较多，外形挺直，长短不一，部分神经元的轴突之间相互粘附，施万细胞和成纤维细胞数目众多，观察到的轴突生长情况受到施万细胞和成纤维细胞的直接或者间接的影响。

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

DCs acquired by our reformed methods express both CD83 and CD 14 molecules highly, and have a higher density than other domestic reports. The higher TNF in DCs culture medium of HC patient suggests DCs in patient still have antigen presenting ability and by optimization the culture medium would improve its presenting ability and have a potential value in design and application individual vaccine. Although antigens pulsed DCs have a decrescent antigen presenting ability but BCG HSP70 could induce its mature and improve its presenting ability. Suggests BCG HSP70 would be a useful mature inducer. Lymphocytes primed by DCs based HC vaccine have the specific cytotoxicity against HCC lines. The CTL after freezing and anabiotic could prophylaxis and therapy HC xenograft on nude mouse. The results also suggests that CD4〓 lymphocytes play a important role in HC with a good differentiation and would be useful in treatment this kind of HC. After being activated by Peptide LLNQHACAV of hAFP and apoptotic HCCs pulsed DCs respectively, the culture medium of activated lymphocytes both contains a high level Th1 cytokines IL-12 and TNF. Primed lymphocytes appeared a characteristic of NK cells. DCs not only inhibited the growth of human HCC and other cancer cells in vitro but also prevented the growth of HC xenograft on nude mouse in vivo. There are at least three kinds of mechanism playing important role in DC based vaccine ,there are inhibition of DCs, HC specific CTL and cytokines pathway.

诱导出的DC共同表达CD83和CD14分子，CD83分子表达明显高于国内报道；肝癌患者DC培养上清中TNF水平高于健康人，提示肝癌患者DC仍具一定的抗原呈递能力，适当调控可使其行使APC功能，以期在肝癌个体化疫苗中发挥作用；DC负载肝癌可溶性抗原后，抗原呈递能力降低，BCG HSP70可促进DC成熟，增加其抗原呈递能力，预示BCG HSP70有可能成为促进DC活化和成熟的另一重要分子；肝癌DC疫苗在体外诱导肝癌特异性淋巴细胞，活化的淋巴细胞在体外对肝癌细胞的杀伤以特异性CTL为主，同时分泌较高水平Th1型细胞因子IL-12和TNF，并抑制4种肝癌细胞生长；冷冻复苏后的肝癌特异性淋巴细胞可以预防和抑制人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤，提示DC负载肝癌可溶性抗原后诱发的MHC-Ⅱ类限制性CD4〓T细胞有可能在分化程度高的肝癌治疗中发挥作用；用DC和HLA-A2〓DC分别负载凋亡肝癌细胞和hAFP218-226位LLNQHACAV HLA-A2限制性九肽，在体外诱导肝癌特异性淋巴细胞，活化后的CTL细胞分泌较高水平的Th1型细胞因子IL-12和TNF，并具较强杀伤活性，此CTL同时具备NK细胞特征；DC对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用可能是通过吞噬实现的，Fas-L在DC抑制中也起一定作用；DC对人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑制率为97％；在肝癌DC疫苗的作用中，至少联合3种以上机制，即通过DC的直接作用、肝癌特异性CTL和细胞因子途径直接或间接地杀伤和抑制肝癌细胞。

This topic intends to set up the animal model of apositia with the function of central inhibition to investigate the pharmacological effect of Shanzha Maiya granula and research the functional mechanism of the Chinese medicines for invigorating spleen to promote digestion in view of braingut petide-appestat.

CLAIRE报道LP50μg/kg单独腹腔注射可以降低大鼠进食量，LP 50μg/kg和8～16μg/kgCCK联合腹腔注射效果更佳，两者联合腹腔注射后与LP单独腹腔注射后大鼠食量比较差异有统计学意义，Scott等报道第三脑室注射LP 7μg/kg和腹腔注射CCK 2μg/kg都有降低食欲的作用。

No structural change was found in the 4th group. Conclusion The test prove that cholestasis would occure during TPN and become serious with time prolonging. Integrity and function of gallbladder-wall tissue cell could be defended and sustained by applying GLN, but there is no direct preventing action. There is apparent cholecy stokinetic and cholagogic fundations by applying CCK. But CCK would lose its function if gallbladder-wall was damaged. The test prove that TPN+GLN+CCK is the best way to prevent cholestasis during TPN.

TPN时间越长，胆汁淤积越重； GLN虽无直接收缩胆囊作用，但它可保护胆囊壁组织结构完整，而CCK虽有收缩胆囊、减轻胆汁瘀积作用，但晚期当胆囊壁组织结构破坏时，其作用减弱；联合应用GLN和CCK可能是预防TPN期间胆汁瘀积的一种方法。

The concentrations of each kind of heavy metal in mixture were determined by a statistical method called general regression circumrotate experimental design and the test results were analyzed using software such as SAS, MINTAB etc.

结果表明，Hg2+、Pb2+、Cd2+与Cr6+对明亮发光杆菌的毒性有显著的正效应。3个含Hg2+二元重金属混合物对发光细菌的联合毒性作用不同，总体上Hg2+与Pb2+以协同作用为主，Hg2+与Cd2+为相加作用，而Hg2+与Cr6+以拮抗作用为主。

The united effect of combined pollution was mostly antagonism besides additive effect and coeffect.

复合污染，镉和锌在土壤中的联合效应除个别测定结果表现为加和作用或协同作用外，多数处理都表现为拮抗作用，且主要是受体拮抗。

When used combinedly,lower temperature and less CPT concentration were needed to effect a killing effect on the bladder tumor cells.

结果显示：加温及羟基喜树碱均对膀胱癌细胞有杀伤作用，但加温作用更明显，二者联合，即使在较低药物浓度及较低温度作用下，亦可取得较强的协同杀伤效应。

MethodsEthanol was used to establish the gastric ulcer model in mouse gastral cavity. The contents of NO,NOS and ET in peripheral tissues of gastric ulcer were detected (P＜0.01). ResultsThe UI of berberine-treated groups (25,50 mg/kg) was less than that of the model group.

现代医学研究表明berberine具有抗菌、止泻、抗炎、免疫抑制等多种药理作用［1］；崔学军等［2］在总结berberine的药理作用及临床新用途时发现它还具有良好的保护胃黏膜、抗溃疡作用；Berberine与其它药联合使用治疗消化性溃疡的临床资料也不少，但作用机制并未阐明。

Objective To study the use of neuronavigation in combined transpetroal approach, and to provide the observation of the anatomic structure of the facialnerve canal for protecting nerve.

目的 探讨神经导航这一高技术在经岩骨幕上下联合入路中的作用，为经岩骨幕上下联合入路中保护面神经管提供解剖研究。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。